Mohammad Reza Mirzaei; Babak Babaee
Abstract
In this experiment, physical and chemical characteristics of sugar beet seed and its relationship with germination traits was studied. This traits were evaluated on 10 sugar beet singles crosses that obtained from three locations including Ardabil, Firuzkuh, and Karaj. Results showed that bulk density, ...
Read More
In this experiment, physical and chemical characteristics of sugar beet seed and its relationship with germination traits was studied. This traits were evaluated on 10 sugar beet singles crosses that obtained from three locations including Ardabil, Firuzkuh, and Karaj. Results showed that bulk density, true density and electrical conductivity are influenced by environment and genotype. Percentage of solids soluble in sugar beet pericarp (germination inhibitors) it was only affected by the seed production environment. Both genetics and environmental conditions on the maternal plant during seed development and maturing were effective on germination percentage, germination velocity and mean germination time. But the germination uniformity of sugar beet seeds was only affected by genotype. On the other, the correlation between bulk density, true density, electrical conductivity, porosity and percentage of solids in pericarp solution of sugar beet seeds with some germination traits was significant. But, the germination uniformity had no correlation with the physical and chemical properties of seed. Increased density of the seed pericarp caused decrease of seed quality factors including electrical conductivity and percentage of solids solution on pericarp. Therefore, germination uniformity, which is less affected by the environment, can be used in breeding programs as indicator of seed quality selection. Physical and chemical traits that was a significant correlation with germination traits, in the management of sugar beet seed production with the aim of increasing the extraction coefficient and quality of sugar beet seeds are recommended.
Mohammad Reza Mirzaei
Abstract
Application of fungicides and insecticides in seed coating technology to control pathogen and pest early in the growing season to reduce damage to seedling emergence and plant establishment is essential. In this study, carboxyl tyram, lamardor, and maxim XL 035 fungicides and Cruiser FS 350, Cruiser ...
Read More
Application of fungicides and insecticides in seed coating technology to control pathogen and pest early in the growing season to reduce damage to seedling emergence and plant establishment is essential. In this study, carboxyl tyram, lamardor, and maxim XL 035 fungicides and Cruiser FS 350, Cruiser FS 600 and Gaucho insecticides were used for coating the seed of two maize cultivars. The results showed that the coating maize seed with different fungicides and insecticides has significant effect on germination traits of the seeds. Germination rate, seedling emergence rate and seedling growth and finally dry weight were affected by the interaction of fungicide and insecticide in maize seed coating. In general, fungicidal and insecticidal formulations that have an increasing effect on seedling emergence rate and decrease average seedling emergence time, increased vegetative growth and eventually seedling weight. Maize seeds coating with Maxim XL + Cruiser 600, increased the dry weight of seedlings by 49.7% compared with uncoated seed under laboratory condition. Finally, based on germination traits in laboratory and greenhouse, Maxim XL 035 FS fungicide with Cruiser FS 600 or 350 insecticids, and Vitavax fungicide with Cruiser FS 600 insecticid, as the best combination of fungicide and insecticide are recommended for maize seed coating.
