Maryam Zamanian; Reza Tavakkol afshari; Jafar Nabati; Alireza Seifi
Abstract
This study was conducted as a factorial experiments based on a completely randomized design with two factors cultivars (Modena and Okapi), aging level (0, 24 and 72 hours at temperature of 40˚c and relative humidity of saturated) and four replications to evaluate germination rate and percentage (GP), ...
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This study was conducted as a factorial experiments based on a completely randomized design with two factors cultivars (Modena and Okapi), aging level (0, 24 and 72 hours at temperature of 40˚c and relative humidity of saturated) and four replications to evaluate germination rate and percentage (GP), vigor index (SV), electrical conductivity (EC), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxides (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and S-nitrosothiol (SNO) at the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 2019-20. Accelerated Aging (AA) treatments made significant decline in germination indices and biochemical characteristics (except EC) of canola seeds. Also, Modena cultivar was stronger in germination traits while Okapi cultivar was better in biochemical activities, which can be explained by difference in the primary genetic of the cultivars. According to the results, in the treatments of 72 hours of AA compared to the control, GP has decreased by 86%, CAT 88%, APX 89% and SNOs 36%. On the top of that, there was a positive correlation between SNOs and enzymes. In conclusion, Nitric oxide (NO) is likely to indirectly affect the antioxidant enzymes by SNOs in aged canola seeds. Seed aging targets the cell physiology by reducing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and NO and therefore increasing the rate of cell mortality.
Sajad Argha; Hamidreza Balouchi; Ali Moradi; Alireza Yadavi
Abstract
This research was carried out to evaluate the storage of wheat seed which produced under different conditions of water deficit and application of chemical nitrogen and biological fertilizers as the first factor was water deficit in milky stage, drought stress at dough stage and without stress (control), ...
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This research was carried out to evaluate the storage of wheat seed which produced under different conditions of water deficit and application of chemical nitrogen and biological fertilizers as the first factor was water deficit in milky stage, drought stress at dough stage and without stress (control), and nitrogen fertilizer resources in Urea fertilizer 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of plant requirement with nitroxin and nitragin. The second factor was storage conditions in 7 and 14% seed moisture within 20 and 4 °C storage, and the third factor was the storage period at 50, 100, 150 and 200 days. The results showed that the content of soluble protein and seed vigor index in seeds that received nitroxin and nitragin fertilizers with 25% urea, by increasing the water deficit, from 1.208 to 0.581 mg/g fresh weight and from 1.945 to 0.376 increased relative to 100% urea, respectively. The amount of catalase activity in seeds with drought stress and biofertilizer was higher and its activity increased at higher storage temperatures. In general, if the irrigation of the maternal plant is discontinued at the seed dough stage and the plant is fed with integrated of chemical and biological fertilizers, then the seed produced had more storage capability.
esmaeil mousavi; Heshmat Omidi
Abstract
To study the effect of bio-priming on germination, growth and physiological indices of pumpkin under salinity a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design was conducted in three replications. Experimental treatments were salinity at four levels (zero, 40, 80 and 120 mM) and biological pre-treated ...
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To study the effect of bio-priming on germination, growth and physiological indices of pumpkin under salinity a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design was conducted in three replications. Experimental treatments were salinity at four levels (zero, 40, 80 and 120 mM) and biological pre-treated at eight levels (control, inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum fungi, Azoto bio-fertilizer, phosphate bio-fertilizer, both bio-fertilizer, combination of fungi and azoto bio-fertilizer, combination of fungi and phosphate bio-fertilizer, fungi and both bio-fertilizer). Phosphate biofertilizer threatment had maximum positive effect on percent germination with increasing the salinity. In combination of fungi and phosphate biofertilizer with increasing the salinity levels reduced fewer the germination coefficient. Low levels of salinity had positive effect on growth indices and caused increase that this indices. Maximum seedling length in different levels of salinity obtained in combination of both biofertilizers treatment. Maximum amount of vigor weighted index obtained in fungi treatment and increasing of salinity level caused that reduced this trait. With increasing of salinity level reduced dry weight of seedling and was maximum amount in fungi treatment. The use of microorganisms caused that reduced the negative effect of salinity. With salinity increasing increased the amount of antioxidant enzymes and the use of biopriming treatments more increased the amount of these enzymes in compared to control which show these treatments was effective in reduction of salinity effect by means of increasing the enzymes. Using of microorganisms with more increasing antioxidant enzymes in compared to control caused reduction of negative effect of salinity stress.
Ali Hoseinipoor; Alireza Yadavi; Hamidreza Balouchi; َAli Moradi
Abstract
Germination is one of the most sensitive stages of plant life, which is affected by various environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Because seed standard germination test alone cannot accurately describe seedling emergence in field conditions, seed strain tests such as accelerated aging ...
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Germination is one of the most sensitive stages of plant life, which is affected by various environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Because seed standard germination test alone cannot accurately describe seedling emergence in field conditions, seed strain tests such as accelerated aging test (seed deterioration) are used. In this research, germination and biochemical indices of linseed (Linum usitatissimum Var. Norman) in moisture potential of 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.2 and -1.2 MPa under accelerated aging conditions at temperatures 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°c were evaluated. The results showed that the percentage and rate of germination and seedling vigor index in accelerated aging and non-accelerated aging respectively were increased by increasing temperature up to 20 and 25 ° C, , then decreasing to 35 ° C. And with decreasing potential water, in terms of accelerated aging, showed its lowest level at any temperature. The amount of soluble protein, catalase activity and proline content of seeds increased with decreasing water potential and accelerated aging effects at each temperature. Also, with increasing temperature, protein content and catalase enzyme activity of Linum usitatissimum seed are increased; proline content of the seed decreased.The results of this study showed that Linum usitatissimumis resistant to high and low temperatures in the early stages of germination under favorable temperature conditions of plants resistant to dehydration and under stress-free conditions.
S. Sheidaei; Aidin Hamidi; Hossein Sadeghi; Bita Oskouei
Abstract
A factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the biochemical changes during the soybean seed deterioration based on a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of germination in two levels of minimum and high quality, three initial seed moisture content (low, medium and high moisture), ...
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A factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the biochemical changes during the soybean seed deterioration based on a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of germination in two levels of minimum and high quality, three initial seed moisture content (low, medium and high moisture), and two storage conditions were considered including the common storage in Moghan and the controlled storage condition. Indices of germination percentage, vigor and biochemical changes including protein content, soluble sugars, malondialdehyde, catalase and peroxidase enzymes were evaluated. The study of biochemical changes of deteriorated seeds during the storage showed that, with the increase of seeds’ deterioration, the soluble sugars and protein percentage decreased, as well. Moreover, seeds’ storage in poor condition caused a significant decrease in seeds’ soluble sugar and total protein content. Also, the increase of seed moisture was followed by further seed deterioration that significantly decreased the content of soluble sugars and total protein. Significant differences were observed between seeds with different initial germinations and they had significantly higher content of soluble sugars and protein percentages. Furthermore, measuring the amount of malondialdehyde and the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes indicated that there exists a significant correlation between the degree of seed deterioration with the level of malondialdehyde and the activity of scavenging enzymes. Overall, along with the decrease of germination and the quality of soybean seeds after the storage, the amount of lipids peroxidation increased and the seed deterioration decreased the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes during the storage.
Roksana Nazari; soheil parsa; Reza Tavakkol Afshari; sohrab mahmodi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of priming on the improvement of physiological indices of antioxidant enzymes in soybean seeds, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of Tehran University in 2017. ...
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In order to investigate the effect of priming on the improvement of physiological indices of antioxidant enzymes in soybean seeds, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of Tehran University in 2017. The factors studied included two levels of deterioration (48 and 72 hours), three levels of salicylic acid (0, 300, 600 μM) and three times the salicylic acid application (before decay, post-fall, before and after deterioration). The traits measured included antioxidant enzymes (glutathione redactase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, membrane peroxidation or malondialdehyde). The results showed that deterioration level increasing, decrease the antioxidant enzymes activity and increase membrane peroxidation and soybean seed priming with salicylic acid hormone restore the decayed seeds and increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The highest activity of ascorbate peroxidase activity was observed at 72 hours with the time of salicylic acid application before and after deterioration at a concentration of 300 μm and 6.98. Reduction of malondialdehyde leakage rate when combined with 300 μM concentration of salicylic acid Was observed at 1.45. The results also showed that the priming at the same time improves the chemical properties of the seeds in the deterioration.
Samira Parsaie; Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi; H.R. Balouchi; Mahmood Attarzadeh
Abstract
Drought stress on maternal plant can negatively affect germination characteristics of produced seeds, and micronutrients application in this circumstance may mitigate drought impacts and leads to seeds with higher vigor. This research was conducted as two experiments in 2015 in seed laboratory of Yasouj ...
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Drought stress on maternal plant can negatively affect germination characteristics of produced seeds, and micronutrients application in this circumstance may mitigate drought impacts and leads to seeds with higher vigor. This research was conducted as two experiments in 2015 in seed laboratory of Yasouj University. At first experiment the seeds obtained from a former experiment included of three irrigation levels (after 75, 110 and 145 mm evaporation from class A pan) and four foliar applications included of water, zinc sulfate 3000 ppm, boric acid 2000 ppm and mixture of zinc sulfate and boric acid, were evaluated in germination experiments in 30°c. Second experiment was a factorial based on RCD with three replications. First factor was drought stress, by PEG 6000, in three levels (0, -0.2 and -0.4 Mpa), and second factor in eight levels included of seed soaking in water, ZnSo4, H3Bo3 and ZnSo4 + H3Bo3 and seed with high content of Zn , B and Zn+ B and a dry seed as control. First experiment results showed that with delaying in irrigation time, foliar application of micronutrients, compared to water foliar application, significantly increased germination traits. In second experiment, although seed soaking in nutrients, significantly decreased germination indices, but seed with high zinc and boron contents positively affected on germination vigor and antioxidant activities especially under drought stress condition.
R. Farhoudi; F. Por Hassan
Abstract
In order to evaluate the allelopatic potential of Eucalyptus camaldulesis aquatic extract on antioxidant enzyme activities, cell membrane damage and α-amylase enzyme activity of S. halapense, thisexperiments was conducted in Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar branch at 2012. The experiment was ...
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In order to evaluate the allelopatic potential of Eucalyptus camaldulesis aquatic extract on antioxidant enzyme activities, cell membrane damage and α-amylase enzyme activity of S. halapense, thisexperiments was conducted in Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar branch at 2012. The experiment was laid out according to a Completely Randomized Design with five replications and six treatments were various concentration of E. camaldulesis aquatic extract (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60%). The results indicated E. camaldulesis aquatic extract application exhibited gradual rise inhibitory effect on seed germination, seedling fresh weight, antioxidants enzymes activities, and α-amylase enzyme activity. Contrary to the previous traits, elevated malondialdehyde concentration and seedling fatty acid in S. halapense seedlings were detected. The minimum α-amylase enzyme activity (3.1 and 3.5 nmol prot -1 min-2 ), seedling fresh weight (0.1 and 0.8 mg) and seed germination (54% and 42 %) showed in 40% and 50% Eucalyptus camaldulesis aquatic extract. The highest fatty acid (23.6% and 23.1%) was noted at 40% and 50% Eucalyptus camaldulesis aquatic extract. In conclusion, E. camaldulesis aquatic extract decreased seedling growth, α-amylase enzyme activity and cell membrane stability of S. halapense seedling.
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 31-40
Abstract
Seed priming improves some properties of seedling. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid and gibberellins on germination characteristics and changes of biochemically of sunflower seeds under accelerated aging, experimental design was factorial with complete randomized ...
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Seed priming improves some properties of seedling. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid and gibberellins on germination characteristics and changes of biochemically of sunflower seeds under accelerated aging, experimental design was factorial with complete randomized design as base design with 3 replications. The first factor was priming by salicylic acid and gibberellin, secondary factor was combinations 4 levels of aging (0, 2, 4 and 6 days of aging at 41°C). The results showed that the priming and aging effects on germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage, seedling length, vigor index, abnormal seedling percentage, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase were significant, but on mean time to germination not significant. Results showed that, the highest germination characteristics were attained from priming by salicylic acid and gibberellins under non aged conditions. Also, seed priming increases enzyme activity.
