Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 41-49
Abstract
Germination and seedling growth is one of the important processes that affect different plants allelopathic properties.Leaving crop residue on the soil surface can be caused production of phtochemicals that prevent from crop growth. In order to study the allelopathic effect of the Peganum harmalaon seed ...
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Germination and seedling growth is one of the important processes that affect different plants allelopathic properties.Leaving crop residue on the soil surface can be caused production of phtochemicals that prevent from crop growth. In order to study the allelopathic effect of the Peganum harmalaon seed germination and seedling growth characteristicsof four wheat cultivar included of Morvarid, Kuhdasht, Gonbad and lin17 an experiment was conducted by a factorial Randomized complete design with four replicationsin the laboratory of Agricultural Faculty of Gonbad university. The treatments were included 4 concentrations harmal extract (0, 25, 50, and 75 percent) and four wheat cultivar's (Morvarid, Kuhdasht, Gonbad and lin17). The analysis of variance showed that the effect of cultivar, harmala extract concentration and interaction effects treatments were significant at 1% probability on all studied traits to exception seedling dry weight. Increasing harmala extract concentration had negative effect on all studied traits in all wheat cultivars.Means comparison in control levels showed that germination rate, beginning and end effective germination, germination percentage were not significantly difference among cultivars but Gonbad cultivar had less uniformity germination than other cultivars. Gonbadand Morvarid cultivars with 37% and 85% of germination had the highest and the lowest germination respectively.According to the results in control treatment, Morvarid andGonbad had the most seedling length, seedling vigor index and coefficient Allometry, butin 75% harmala extract concentration, Morvarid and Kouhdasht cultivars were better than others cultivars.
Khadijeh Sayahi; Amir Hossein Sari; A. Hamidi; Bahareh Nowruzi; Farshid Hassani
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of cold plasma on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of soybean commercial cultivars, an experiment in the form of a nest-factorial design with four replications was performed at the Plasma Physics Research Center of Islamic Azad University, Tehran ...
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In order to investigate the effect of cold plasma on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of soybean commercial cultivars, an experiment in the form of a nest-factorial design with four replications was performed at the Plasma Physics Research Center of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Research Sciences Branch and Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) in 2021. Seeds were exposed to cold plasma for 30, 60, 180, 300 and 420 seconds. In general, germination percentage from 0 to 66.97%, germination rate from 0 to 32.17%, germination index from 3.61 to 60.09%, mean germination time from 4.62 to 66.66%, root length 2.87 to 56.13%, seedling length 2.70 to 78.13%, normal seedling number 0 to 30.26% and seedling dry weight 1.36 to 36.63% increased compared to control treatment. The results of our study showed that 60 seconds treatment had the most positive effect on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of soybean.
Fateme Agah; Mohammad Ali Esmaeili; Mohammad Farzam; Rahmat Abasi
Abstract
Two separate experiments was arranged in a randomized complete design in 4 replicates in order to evaluate agronomy aspects of cultivation and aim of evaluation effective treatments in breaking dormancy of native and valuable medicinal plant, Caper seeds (Mazdavand ecotype) and also to evaluate the best ...
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Two separate experiments was arranged in a randomized complete design in 4 replicates in order to evaluate agronomy aspects of cultivation and aim of evaluation effective treatments in breaking dormancy of native and valuable medicinal plant, Caper seeds (Mazdavand ecotype) and also to evaluate the best seed bed medium for germination of Caper seeds along with sustainable agricultural systems. Treatments in breaking dormancy test included control (distilled water), pre chilling (for 2 and 3 months), GA3 (250 and 500 ppm for 12 hours), KNO3 (0.2 and 0.5% for 12 hours), scarification with sandpaper (85%), seed coat removal, soaking in NaClO 0.5% for 5 minutes, scarification+250 ppm GA3, scarification+0.2% KNO3, scarification+250ppm GA3+0.2%KNO3. Treatments in evaluation the best seed bed medium experiment included control (soil of habitat), manure fertilizer, vermicompost and bio-fertilizer (phosphonitrokara). According to results of first examination, pre-chilling for 2 and 3 months were the best treatments for breaking dormancy (with 85% germination and 3.5 seeds per day germination rate). Also, results of evaluation the seed bed medium, showed that vermicompost had the highest germination percentage, highest number of leaves and the most seedling weight vigor index. Vermicompost and manure fertilizer had the highest leaf length, shoot length and seedling dry weight. Manure fertilizer and vermicompost, while creating sustainable agricultural conditions, increased the growth and improved morphological characteristics of the Caper medicinal plant seedlings.
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2012, , Pages 129-138
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of temperature and seed size onseed germination characteristics and initial seedling growthproperties of Salad burbent )Poterium sanguisorba(. For this purpose a factorial experiment in complete randomized block design with four replications was performed. ...
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This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of temperature and seed size onseed germination characteristics and initial seedling growthproperties of Salad burbent )Poterium sanguisorba(. For this purpose a factorial experiment in complete randomized block design with four replications was performed. Treatments included three levels of seed size, large 13.36 gr thousand carnal weight and diameter 6 mm, the average 6.43 gr a thousand carnal weight and diameter of 4.5 mm, and small 2.19 gr a thousand carnal weight and diameter of 3 mm. The two temperatures were 20 and 25ċ.The results showed that seed size and the different temperatures had significant effect on percentage of germination, seedling length and vigority.So that the temperature of 20ċ with smaller seed size, decreased speed and germination percentage, seedling length and vigority. In temperature of 25ċ with smaller seed size treatment, germination percentage, vigority and seedling length was reduced but the speed of germination did not show significant difference with large and medium size seeds. In large size, 25 ċ showed higher germination compared to 20 ċ, while in medium and small size seeds, germination of 20 ċ was more than 25 ċ. Vigority and germination rate increased whit increase in seed size.
Volume 2, Issue 2 , December 2013, , Pages 147-159
Abstract
To find methods of breaking seed dormancy,an experiment was arranged in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications in laboratory ofGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resourcesduring 2010. The seeds were divided into three portions. Two portions ...
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To find methods of breaking seed dormancy,an experiment was arranged in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications in laboratory ofGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resourcesduring 2010. The seeds were divided into three portions. Two portions of seeds within a period of two and four weeks in temperature of 4οC was remained uniformity under moist conditions (cold stratification) and one another part of seeds located in laboratory conditions and ordinary temperature. Then nine mechanical and chemical scarification treatments (using of gibberellic acid with concentration of 500, 1500 and 2000 ppm; 1, 2 and 4 minutes soaking in sulfuric acid; 1, 2 and 3 minutes of using of Emery)were applied on these seed portions and the germination percentage, rate and uniformity were investigated. Also, in order to determine the effect of treatments on permeability of seed coat to water, water adsorption trend of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) seed was studied after using of treatments. Results of experiment indicated that prechilling, scarification treatments and their interaction effects have significant effect on germination components. According to results, effective treatments following by 24 hours of soaking in gibberllic acid(density=2000, 1500 ppm) andmechanical scarification for 2 minutes treatment, in non-prechilling and 2 weeks prechilling. No use of prechilling treatment, germination percentage in 24 hours of soaking in gibberllic acid(density=2000, 1500 ppm) andmechanical scarification for 2 minutes treatment observed 58.5, 56 and 47.5%, respectively. Despite two weeks of moist chilling, germination percentage of these treatments with a slight increase was about 77.25, 76.5 and 53.25%, respectively, meanwhile under four weeks of moist chilling, germination percentage in above treatments decreased about 77, 65 and 66%. In the end it became clear that the best treatment for reduction of wild mustard seed dormancy and improve its germination was 24 hours of soaking in gibberllic acid(density=1500 ppm) andemery for 2 minutes treatment
Volume 3, Issue 2 , December 2014, , Pages 163-171
Abstract
In order to study the effect ofhormonal andphysical priming techniques on seed germination and seedling establishment of wheat, an experiment was conducted in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran, in 3 replications during 2012-13. Studied factors were hormonal seed priming materials(gibberlic acid and ...
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In order to study the effect ofhormonal andphysical priming techniques on seed germination and seedling establishment of wheat, an experiment was conducted in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran, in 3 replications during 2012-13. Studied factors were hormonal seed priming materials(gibberlic acid and kinetin in 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm concentrations) and physical seed priming agents (ultrasonic, laser, magnetic field, gamma and beta radiations for 5 and 10 minutes) included control. Results indicated that those seeds treated in gibberlic acid and kinetin of 50-150 ppm germinated faster. Except of 50 ppm gibberlic acid and kinetin of, other treatments had lower seedling dry weight. Effect of laser and magnetic field for 5 minutes was effective on time to final germination than other treatments. Seedling from magnetic field for 5 minutes had greater vigor than ultrasonic and beta. Wheat seeds priming before sowing with gibberlic acid and kinetin or laser and magnetic field is recommended.
Saeideh Javid; Mohammadreza Bihamta; Mansour Omidi; Alireza Abbasi; Hadi Alipour
Abstract
Given the importance of salinity at the germination stage, this study was carried out with the aim of investigating the diversity of germination traits in bread wheat 91 cultivars and 204 landraces along with three control varieties (Sistan, Narin, and Arg) under salinity (60 and 120 mM NaCl) ...
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Given the importance of salinity at the germination stage, this study was carried out with the aim of investigating the diversity of germination traits in bread wheat 91 cultivars and 204 landraces along with three control varieties (Sistan, Narin, and Arg) under salinity (60 and 120 mM NaCl) as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with two replicates in petri dishes. There was a high diversity between wheat genotypes in terms of shoot and root length of seeding, shoot-to-root length ratio, germination index, and seed vigor under both sat stress conditions; while germination energy and germination percentage had low variation. There was a positive significant correlation between all the traits (except the root length of seeding and the shoot-to-root length ratio) under all three conditions (control, 60 and 120 mM NaCl). From the factor analysis, the PC1 and PC2 under 60 mM NaCl treatment were named as seedling weight and germination percentage, respectively. Under 120 mM NaCl treatment, PC1 and PC2 were named as germination percentage and seedling weight, respectively. Based on the biplot, IP624925, IP628189, and IP624838 landraces and ADL, AFLAK, KHAZAR1, and RIJAW cultivars were identified as superior genotypes under 60 mM NaCl treatment. Moreover, IP627103, IP624596, IP626566, IP625433, and IP628189 landraces and Shiroodi and Dastjerdi cultivars were selected as superior genotypes under 120 mM NaCl treatment. Overall, the selected genotypes were identified as genetic material with the potential of salinity tolerance based on multivariate statistical analysis.
Hossein Reza Rouhi; mohammad hasan vafaei; Maryam Saman; Alireza Shahbodaghlo
Abstract
Germination of seeds, one of the most critical stages of plant cycle is greatly influenced by drought stress. In this way, the effects of ascorbic acid to improve germination and antioxidant enzyme activities in sheep fescue seeds under drought stress were studied. A factorial experiment based on completely ...
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Germination of seeds, one of the most critical stages of plant cycle is greatly influenced by drought stress. In this way, the effects of ascorbic acid to improve germination and antioxidant enzyme activities in sheep fescue seeds under drought stress were studied. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was done. None- primed seed (control group) and priming of different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0, 1 and 2 mM) under 0, -0.4, -0.8 and -1.2 MPa drought stress levels were evaluated. The results showed that seed priming with ascorbic acid in different drought levels increased some traits such as germination percentage, vigour index, plumule and radicle length, soluble carbohydrates and protein contents and antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase). While it decreased mean germination time, electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content in comparison to nonprime seeds. So seed priming with 1 and 2 mM of ascorbic acid in -1.2 MPa level increased vigour index, soluble carbohydrates and proteins, respectively by 167.03, 22.26, 35.77, 187.91, 22.61 and 30.20% compared to nonprimed seeds. Also, it increased activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase, respectively by 11.85, 22.81, 12.25, 13.83, 31.33 and 9.93% compared to non-primed seeds. Therefore, the use of 1 and 2 mM ascorbic acid concentrations to reduce the negative effects caused by drought stress is recommended.
L. Yari; M. Sedghi; A. Hamidi; R. Seyed Sharifi
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 37-50
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the role of polyamines (PAs) as priming agents on improving seed vigour with different moisture content (Mc)(14,16,18%) under storage conditions in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) c.v Usef. Experiments were conducted at the Seed and Plant Certification ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the role of polyamines (PAs) as priming agents on improving seed vigour with different moisture content (Mc)(14,16,18%) under storage conditions in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) c.v Usef. Experiments were conducted at the Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute 1n 2012 -2013. The seeds were hand harvested at three initial moisture contents including 18, 16, 14% using wet weight basis. The seed samples then were sealed in polythene bags and stored in conditioned storages and for 8 months. After that for seed priming, seeds were soaked in 20mg/L-1 (w/v) aerated solution of Spermine (Spm), Puterscine (Put), and Spermidine (Spd) and distilled water (W) for 16h at 20±2C°. After each treatment, seeds were dried to original moisture level in forced air and sealed in polythene bags, stored in a conditioned storage again for one month. Experimental units were arranged as a completely randomized design with four replications after harvesting time and one month conditioned storage after treatment. The result indicated that 18% MC improved the germination percentage and seedling vigour compared to 16 and 14 % MC. Also after 8 month storage, 18% Mc had the highest germination percentage and seedling vigour. The electrolyte leakage decreased in seeds with 18% MC compared to 16 and 14% MC. Also seed treatments significantly increased the seed viability and germination percentage, whereas, mean germination time and electrical conductivity were reduced in all seed treatments. Meanwhile, maximum germination percentage was detected for seed Spm seed treatment and 18% MC. Generally by decreasing moisture content of seed and delay in harvesting time, seedling vigour decreased and the optimum moisture content and seed treatment were 18% and Spm, respectively.
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2012, , Pages 38-45
Abstract
To study effects of priming of wheat seeds, three lines was chosen and their germination charachteristics were tested in year 2010 in the laboratory of Qaemshahr unit of Azad Islamic university in the format of factorial based on randomized block design in four replicates . Treatments included three ...
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To study effects of priming of wheat seeds, three lines was chosen and their germination charachteristics were tested in year 2010 in the laboratory of Qaemshahr unit of Azad Islamic university in the format of factorial based on randomized block design in four replicates . Treatments included three wheat lines )Darya, N 81-18and Nai60 and seven prime solutions )Potassium Nitrate 1 and 2%, Polyethylene glycol )PEG( 5 and 10%, Potassium chloride 2 and 4% and water( and control )without prime(. Although, non of measured characteristics showed significant differences, line 60 obtained maximum germination speed and Darya obtained maximum root length and stem height . Maximum germination rate resulted from priming with 1% Potassium nitrate , hydro-priming and control , and maximum root length and average germination resulted from priming with 2% Potassium nitrate,water and control )no-prime(. Maximum stem length resulted from priming with 2% Potassium nitrate and minimum root and stem length resulted from priming with 1% Potassium nitrate. line N81-18 obtained maximum germination rate and average germination when primed with water , and Dbearya obtained maximum ratio of root weight to stem weight and minimum root length by priming by 2% Potassium nitrate . Darya obtained maximum germination time when primed by 2% Potassium nitrate and 2% Potassium choloride solutions .
H. Khazaei
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 39-50
Abstract
In order to compare the seed characteristics of wheat seed lots stored in outdoor, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was carried out at three wheat seed purchasing and processing centers located in Mashhad, Torbat-e-Heydaryie and Torbat-e-Jam for one ...
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In order to compare the seed characteristics of wheat seed lots stored in outdoor, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was carried out at three wheat seed purchasing and processing centers located in Mashhad, Torbat-e-Heydaryie and Torbat-e-Jam for one year from June 2005. The First factor was three wheat varieties including Falat, Chamran, Cascojen and the second factor was duration of wheat seed storage in outdoor for 0, 15, 30 and 45 days before processing. Moisture content, hectolitre weight, seed loss percentage while processing, germination percentage before and after accelerated aging test, seedling vigor index and germination rate were evaluated. Accelerated aging test was done before determine the germination percentage, seedling vigor index and germination rate test. Compound analysis of variance for locations showed that effect of variety in moisture content and seedling vigor index was significant, and the effect of storage duration except for hectolitre weight in all traits were also significant. Between the time of purchase until 45 days after it, seed loss percentage increased about 1.9 percent and moisture content and germination percentage were decreased before and after accelerated aging test, also seedling vigor index and germination rate were exposed to a reduction by 5.11, 4.89, 10.26 percent and 314.41, 0.036 unit, respectively. In addition cv. Chamran was less tolerate to outdoor storage conditions compared to Cascojen and Falat.
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 39-52
Abstract
In order to study of salinity effects on seed germination and seedling growth of milk thistle and thistle, an experiment was carried out. Experiment was factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments included seeds of wild species milk thistle and thistle and five ...
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In order to study of salinity effects on seed germination and seedling growth of milk thistle and thistle, an experiment was carried out. Experiment was factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments included seeds of wild species milk thistle and thistle and five salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl). Results showed that salinity leads to decrease in germination percentage, germination rate and increase in mean germination time that these changes were more in thistle compared to milk thistle. Seedling growth indices (length and fresh and dry weight of cotyledon and hypocotyl) were also affected by salinity. Most traits of thistle were not affected by salinity (50 mM) in comparison with milk thistle, whereas these changes were higher in levels of salinity and this result indicated more relative tolerance to salinity in thistle. However, salinity caused to decline primary and secondary vigor and seed reserve use efficiency, but seed reserve using rate decreased under stress condition. The amount of Na+, K+ and Ca2+ in radicle increased in low levels of salinity and decreased by enhancing of stress intensity.
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2013, , Pages 39-54
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of maize seed priming in germination and emergence stage in controlled condition, an experiment was conducted as factorial on the basis of completely randomized design with two maize hybrids (S.C.704 and Karaj 700) and six time of seeds dry back after 17 hours wetting ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of maize seed priming in germination and emergence stage in controlled condition, an experiment was conducted as factorial on the basis of completely randomized design with two maize hybrids (S.C.704 and Karaj 700) and six time of seeds dry back after 17 hours wetting (0,1.5,3,6,12 and 24 hours and control treatment (without priming)) with three replications. There were significant differences (Pandlt;%5) between two hybrids for most of the parameters, and germination and emergence of Karaj 700 was higher than S.C.704. Priming decreased mean germination time (MGT) of primed seeds to control and also mean germination rate (MGR) of seeds increased significantly. Seeds that 3 hours dried back had the highest MGR. Radicle and plumule length and radicle and plumule dry weight of primed seeds was higher than the control.Although priming had positive effects on characteristics such as decrease in MGT, increase in MGR, in length and dry weight of radicle and plumule, none of priming treatments had significant effects on grown plant characteristics in glasshouse.
N. Khaliliaqdam; T. Mir-mahmoodi; Gh.R. Bakhshi Khaniaki
Abstract
Temperature is one of the most effective and important environmental agents on seed germination, thus interaction effect of germination with temperature is very important in prediction of germination time and modeling especially. A completely randomized design experiment performed in seed research laboratory ...
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Temperature is one of the most effective and important environmental agents on seed germination, thus interaction effect of germination with temperature is very important in prediction of germination time and modeling especially. A completely randomized design experiment performed in seed research laboratory of Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch with four replications which temperature treatment were 11 levels as: 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 0C. Three nonlinear regression models as Beta, 5-Parametric Beta and Segmented functions tested. Results revealed that temperature had a significant effects of rate, uniformity and germination percent. The highest uniformity and germination percentage were detected in 15 0C, but the highest value of rate of germination obtained in 20 0C. Although, there was no significant difference between practiced models in estimation of cardinal temperatures, however, the segmented model which had the less RMSE, CV and the more R2 and correlation coefficients than the others, was a better model and thus, cardinal temperatures including base, optimum and ceiling temperatures were 3.35, 20.84 and 40.94 0C, respectively. Also, the maximum germination rate (rmax ) was 0.010 h-1.
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 41-52
Abstract
This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of drought stress andnutritioning with natural products on seed vigour under drought stress condition. Farm treatments were drought stress in four levels including normal irrigation (control), irrigation cessation at flowering, podding and flowering ...
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This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of drought stress andnutritioning with natural products on seed vigour under drought stress condition. Farm treatments were drought stress in four levels including normal irrigation (control), irrigation cessation at flowering, podding and flowering to physiological maturity stages and spraying with natural products in three level including spraying with distilled water (control), spraying with humic acid and spraying with seaweed extract and three varieties Hashem, ILC 482and local Miami (Local landrace) were used. Drought stress at germination stage induced by 0.8 MPa polyethylene glycol solution. The results showed that stressed seeds were larger than normal seeds and had higher germination percentage and mean germination time. Spraying could not alleviate the negative effect of drought stress. Totally drought stress on maternal plant was effective on stress tolerance and Miami (local landrace) was better than the other varieties. Results demonstrated that it is possible to enhance germination in stressed condition with making change in maternal environment.
hormoz asadi; Gholamreza Zamanian; Mohammad Nabi Shahiki Tash; Mohammad Ghorbani; Mohammad Reza Jalal Kamali
Abstract
In generally, important factors in substitution of varieties are including increasing of yield, improvement of quality and avoid of decreasing of yield varieties versus biotic and abiotic stress. The objectives of this study were to: determine of Weighted average age of wheat varieties and comparison ...
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In generally, important factors in substitution of varieties are including increasing of yield, improvement of quality and avoid of decreasing of yield varieties versus biotic and abiotic stress. The objectives of this study were to: determine of Weighted average age of wheat varieties and comparison with other countries, determine to effect and correlation between time trend with weighted average ageof varieties and investigation of profitability of irrigated bead wheat varieties with different origins. This study carried out in 2016 for irrigated bead wheat varieties planted in 2004-2016. Data are collected from Deputy of Agronomy in Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture and Certified and Register of Seed and Plant Institute. The methodology of this research were time trend linear regression analysis, weighted average ageindexes, coefficient of correlation and profitability indicators (Net present value, Benefit-cost ratio and Internal rate of return). According to the results, Estimated coefficient of Time Trend on weighted average ageof varietieswas positive and 0.091 and 0.46 and significant.. Benefit-cost ratio(BCR) and Internal rate of return(IRR) for Ghonbad variety with national originwas estimated 5.5 and 41.9%.BCR and IRR for Sirvan variety with international originwas estimated 6.1 and 54.3%. Thus, time trend variable was one of important factor on Weighted average ageof varieties. For more effecting of varieties on farmer’s income based on economic results recommended selecting of proper variety with high profitability, preparation of timely and adequate for improved seed varieties in during of age varieties by institutes.
mahdi Afrouz; Parisa Sheikhzadeh
Abstract
TIn order to evaluate the effect of iron nanooxide synthesized from oregano on germination, growth and biochemical characteristics of corn seedlings, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors included synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles ...
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TIn order to evaluate the effect of iron nanooxide synthesized from oregano on germination, growth and biochemical characteristics of corn seedlings, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors included synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles and the application methods of iron oxide nanoparticles. The results showed that iron oxide nanoparticles had a significant effect on germination, growth, and biochemical characteristics of seedlings. The highest germination rate, vigor index, seedling dry weight, and length were achieved with the application of 240 mg L-1 of iron oxide nanoparticles. Among the nanoparticle application methods, seed priming compared to the method of adding them to the planting medium had a greater effect on improving germination, growth, and increasing the vigor index. Using 240 mg L-1 of iron oxide nanoparticles as priming resulted in the highest germination percentage, germination synchrony index, mean daily germination, and the lowest MGT. In the case of adding nanoparticles to the planting medium, although it had less effect than the priming method, adding 360 mg L-1 of iron oxide nanoparticles to the planting medium also caused a significant increase in corn germination. The use of different concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles in both methods of nanoparticle application caused a significant increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in seedlings. Therefore, the use of a concentration of 240 mg L-1 of iron oxide nanoparticles as a priming can be suggested to improve germination, growth, and biochemical characteristics of seedlings.
Mahrokh Bolandi; Parisa Sheikhzadeh Mosaddegh; Saeed Khomari; Nasser Zare; Jaber Sharifi
Abstract
To investigate the effect of different stages of seed maturity at the time of harvest, on emergence indices, physiological and functional characteristics of borage, the seeds of maternal plant were used and an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at ...
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To investigate the effect of different stages of seed maturity at the time of harvest, on emergence indices, physiological and functional characteristics of borage, the seeds of maternal plant were used and an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. The experimental treatment was the different stages of maturation of the seeds of the maternal plants at the time of harvesting, which were harvested from the maternal plants at three times (23, 32 and 38 days after flowering). The results showed that the effect of maturation stages at the time of seed harvesting from maternal plants on all measured traits (emergence indices, photosynthetic pigments of chlorophyll, secondary metabolites and grain yield components) was significant. The seeds obtained from the second stage of seed harvesting (32 days after flowering), due to the favorable maturation of seeds, with an increase in the percentage and rate of germination, improvement in the growth and rapid establishment of the plants, an increase in the amount of photosynthetic pigments of chlorophyll and the formation of a favorable plant density in the field, compared to the two masses of seeds obtained from the first and third stages of seed harvesting, had the greatest effect on increasing flower yield, grain yield, 1000-seed weight and other components of Grain yield. The highest amount of phenol and flavonoid was observed at the time of planting the seeds with harvest time 38 days after flowering,
M. Ahmadi; S.A.M. Modarres Sanavy; M. Kafi; F. Sefidkon; S. Malekzadeh Shafaroodi
Abstract
In order to study the effects of different levels of salinity stress on Salvia leriifoliagermination indices, an experiment was conducted at physiology laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2014. The experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design with ...
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In order to study the effects of different levels of salinity stress on Salvia leriifoliagermination indices, an experiment was conducted at physiology laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2014. The experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments were different levels of salinity including 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 mmol, prepared by mixing NaCl and CaCl2 in a 10:1 molar ratio. Evaluated indices were germination percentage and rate, seedling length, germination seedling reduction rate, seedling dry weight and vigor index. Four non-linear regression models (linear, polynomial, 2-piece segmented and Logestic) were compared to describe the germination characteristics in different levels of salinity. The 2-piece segmented model was selected as the best one to predict germination percentage and rate, seedling length, reduction in the rate of germination and vigor index with RMSE 3.22, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.4 and R2 0.99, 0.98, 0.99 and 0.99, and Logistic model was selected as the best model with RMSE 0.01 and R2 0.98 to predict seedling dry weight, respectively. The results showed that by increasing of salinity levels, germination percentage, germination speed, seedling length, dry weight of seedling and vigor index significantly decreased. But there were no significant differences in germination indices up to 90 mmol salinity. Germination of Salvia leriifolia seeds could tolerate up to 90 mmol salinity without any significant decrease in germination properties.
vahid amiri monfared; Reza Tavakkol afshari; arash mamedi
Abstract
The prediction of seed viability is important for seed producers, and its prediction in storage depends on the understanding of the quantitative relationships between seed loss, seed moisture and storage temperature. In order to study the effect of temperature, seed and time on the deterioration of the ...
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The prediction of seed viability is important for seed producers, and its prediction in storage depends on the understanding of the quantitative relationships between seed loss, seed moisture and storage temperature. In order to study the effect of temperature, seed and time on the deterioration of the anise seed, and also quantitative characterization of this effect and determining the coefficients of life, this study was carried out in a randomized complete block design in a factorial experiment in the Agricultural Laboratory of Tehran University. The temperature was measured at 4 levels (5, 15, 25 and 35 o C), soil moisture contents in 4 levels (5, 9, 13 and 17%) and six times (one, two, three, four, five and six months) as the factors were this test. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of temperature on seed moisture content was significant for germination indices at 1% level. With increasing temperature and humidity, germination declined over time. Life coefficients after six months of storage showed that survival curves can be plotted with a single source. Also, the results showed that by increasing the moisture content at any temperature, especially at higher temperatures, the life expectancy decreases with increasing moisture content. Using the life-time equation, the coefficients KE=4/21, CW =1-66, CH =0 038/0 and CQ =0,00039 were calculated.
hadis hasanvand; ghasem parmoon; Seyed Amir Moosavi; seyed ata Siadat
Abstract
This experiment was conducted at seed technology laboratory of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, in 2018 with the to evaluate the effects of seed priming on cardinal temperatures and thermal time requirements of borage seed germination. The factorial experiment was ...
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This experiment was conducted at seed technology laboratory of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, in 2018 with the to evaluate the effects of seed priming on cardinal temperatures and thermal time requirements of borage seed germination. The factorial experiment was arranged based on the randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments were gibberellic acid (0 (distilled water as control), 100, 200, 400 mg/L-1), priming durations (6 and 12 hour) and seven levels of germination temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 oC). Beta model, beta modified, dent-like and segmented were used to determine cardinal temperatures. Results showed that seed germination significantly increased at both priming durations of 6 and 12 hours with increasing of temperature and gibberellic acid concentrations. The highest seed germination was observed at 200 mg/L-1gibberellic acid and 15 oC. Increase of gibberellic acid concentrations resulted higher thermal time requirements to complete 50% of germination in seed population. From the results, the beta model provided the best fit to evaluate cardinal temperatures of borage seeds. It is therefore, suggested that the base, optimum and celling temperatures of borage seeds are 0.51, 21.5 and 35.1 oC and influenced by application 200 mg/L-1GA to 0.33, 23.5 and 35.8 oC.
ahmad zare; amin lotfi JALALABADI
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different treatments on dormancy breaking of Prickly scorpions weed (Scorpiurus muricatus L), three separate experiments were conducted in 2021 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan with four replications. experimental treatments ...
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In order to investigate the effect of different treatments on dormancy breaking of Prickly scorpions weed (Scorpiurus muricatus L), three separate experiments were conducted in 2021 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan with four replications. experimental treatments consisted of immersion in boiling water (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 seconds), immersion in sulfuric acid (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 minutes), scarification and soaking (with scarification+ with soaking, with scarification + non soaking, without scarification +with soaking and without scarification and without soaking). The results of boiling water indicated that with increasing soaking time, germination percentage decreased and the highest germination percentage was observed in 30 seconds (85%). under sulfuric acid application conditions, 34% of seeds germinated in 10 minutes and at other times (20 -70 minutes) maximum germination was observed. The highest germination rate in sulfuric acid treatment was predicted to be 52 minutes. The results of scarification and soaking treatments showed that scarification alone led to an increase in germination percentage (92%) and germination decreased to 56% in soaking conditions with scarification. Immersing seeds in sulfuric acid for 50 minutes, application boiling water for 30 seconds and scarification as a solution to braking dormancy of Prickly can be recommended.
Abstract
Arctium lappa is a medicinal plant of Asteraceae. Seeds have a little germination due to seed dormancy. In order to break dormancy and increase the germination of its seeds an experiment with 28 treatments in a completely randomized design with four replications (25 seeds). Treatments were consisting ...
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Arctium lappa is a medicinal plant of Asteraceae. Seeds have a little germination due to seed dormancy. In order to break dormancy and increase the germination of its seeds an experiment with 28 treatments in a completely randomized design with four replications (25 seeds). Treatments were consisting of chemical scarification with sulfuric acid solution 98% for 10 and 20 min, hormone treatments of 24 and 48 hours of Gibberellic acid (GA3) (300 & 500 ppm), moist prechilling for 7 and 14 days at +5 °C temperature, and combined moist prechilling and hormonal treatments, hot water (70 °C, for 10 and 15 min.) humic acid (54 kg/L). Results showed that the effect of treatments on percentage and rate germination of Arctium lappa was significant (P≤%5). The maximum coleoptile length, radicle length, seedling length, germination percentage and germination ratio was related to 14 days moist prechilling treatment with GA3 (500 ppm- 48h) (98/78 %). On the basis of the results and with regard to the negative effect of H2SO4 and hot water on the consequential growth of seedlings, usage of 14 days moist prechilling accompanied with application of GA3 was appropriate.
vahid amiri monfared; Reza Tavakkol afshari
Abstract
In many studies, the properties of the drug and the impact of anise on the body's mechanisms of activity have been proven. . Salinity stress is a non-living stress that has adverse effects on seed germination. In order to study the effect of temperature on germination of anis under salinity stress, a ...
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In many studies, the properties of the drug and the impact of anise on the body's mechanisms of activity have been proven. . Salinity stress is a non-living stress that has adverse effects on seed germination. In order to study the effect of temperature on germination of anis under salinity stress, a factorial with six temperature levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30) in terms of temperature and seven levels of salinity (0, 2, 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, 12-bar) of sodium chloride. The results of the experiment showed that germination percentage, germination rate, time to 50% germination and time to 90% germination were significantly affected by salinity, temperature and their interaction. Increasing salinity levels significantly reduced all studied traits. At a temperature below 10 ° C (5 ° C), germination percentage was significantly lower. Regarding the problem of salinity in regions where the temperature problem is high, based on the results, it was found that the seeds of the anise are susceptible to salinity and heat.
Dariush Taleghani; Saeid Sadeghzadeh Hemayati; Farahnaz Hamdi Holasoo; Mehdi Sadeghi-shoae
Abstract
The use of various types of polymers in the field of seed processing (coating seeds of various types of plants) has become very important in recent years. Polymer materials are used to add a mixture of fungicides and pesticides and growth regulators to help protect plant seedlings from growing and deploying ...
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The use of various types of polymers in the field of seed processing (coating seeds of various types of plants) has become very important in recent years. Polymer materials are used to add a mixture of fungicides and pesticides and growth regulators to help protect plant seedlings from growing and deploying better against pathogens and harmful insects in the early stages of plant growth. This research was carried out with the aim of making internal polymer and its feasibility study in seed of three sugar beet, corn and alfalfa crops during the years of 2014-2015. In order to compare the effect of foreign and internal polymer, seed quality, germination, abnormality percentage, Radicle length in laboratory and Seed vigor in greenhouse were evaluated. The results of the obtained spectra and surface tension the comparison of the polymer prepared with the foreign polymer used as a control. It can be concluded that the internalized polymer is physically and mechanically similar to that of an external polymer. Application of polymer in sugar beet cover had no adverse effect on germination and seed establishment. The results of this study showed that the synthesized internal polymer in this study can be used to coating the seeds of sugar beet and alfalfa and 1% and 1.5% for corn seeds in order to achieve optimum seed coating and not to have an adverse effect on their qualitative traits.