seyed abbas Mirjalili; elahe poorazizi
Abstract
Parsley, which today is classified as a vegetable, has many properties and is used in food and pharmaceutical industries. The seeds of the native populations of this plant do not have a good germination percentage and many efforts are being made to improve the growth and germination of the seeds. In ...
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Parsley, which today is classified as a vegetable, has many properties and is used in food and pharmaceutical industries. The seeds of the native populations of this plant do not have a good germination percentage and many efforts are being made to improve the growth and germination of the seeds. In order to investigate the seed germination rate of native stands and the effect of hydropriming treatment in increasing the germination power of the seeds of these stands, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design at four time levels (12, 24, 48 and 72 hours) against the control and with four replications among 24 native stands collected from different parts of the country and two populations with foreign origin imported were carried out. The results showed that the average seed germination percentage of the stands before treatment was 56.7% (the lowest rate was 20% in curled leaf Parsley stand and the highest was 78% in Jiroft 1 stand). Also, the hydropriming treatment had a significant effect at the level of 1% on the emergence of parsley seeds, and its greatest effect was in 24 hours. Also, the highest effect of treatment on Arak, Garmsar and Pich of Tehran was 21.8, 20.9 and 20%, respectively. The least effect of hydropriming was on the population of curled leaf parsley (7.4%). Totally, it was concluded that hydropriming can increase the germination percentage and quality of parsley seeds.
zahra Mohaddes Ardebili; Hossein Abbaspour; Reza Tavakkol afshari; Seid Mohsen Nabavi Kalat4
Abstract
In order to study the effect of accelerated aging and priming with gibberellic acid on germination characteristics, lipids peroxidation, soluble protein, total phenol and electrical conductivity of wheat seed (Pishtaz Cultivar) an experiment in factorial laid out completely randomized design with three ...
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In order to study the effect of accelerated aging and priming with gibberellic acid on germination characteristics, lipids peroxidation, soluble protein, total phenol and electrical conductivity of wheat seed (Pishtaz Cultivar) an experiment in factorial laid out completely randomized design with three replications was conducted at Seed Technology Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran, in 2016. Factors were included of seed aging(100% relative humidity at 40°C) in three levels [low deterioration (4 days), medium deterioration (6 days) and high deterioration (7 days)] and priming with gibberellic acid in four levels (0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm). Analysis of variance showed that the effect of seed aging, priming with gibberellic acid and interaction between two factors on all traits were significant. Based on the means comparison of the traits germination percentage, germination rate, soluble protein and total phenol decreased with increasing aging time. But, the level of malondyaldeid and electrical conductivity increased due to damage to cell membrane with increasing aging time. Investigation of interaction between two factors showed that the priming with gibberellic acid reduced the negative effects of seed aging on all traits.
Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 51-65
Abstract
To study the problems of the Astragalus seed germination, a factorial experiment includes ecotype and dormancy breaking was carried out in base of a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The first factor consisted of different ecotypes Samirom, Damavand, Zanjan and the second factor was seed ...
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To study the problems of the Astragalus seed germination, a factorial experiment includes ecotype and dormancy breaking was carried out in base of a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The first factor consisted of different ecotypes Samirom, Damavand, Zanjan and the second factor was seed dormancy breaking treatments in 10 levels (mechanical scarification plus chilling time with 10, 20 and 30 days prechilling at 4 °C, mechanical scarification and gibberellic acid at a concentration of 400 and 500 ppm for 48 hours, scarification with sulfuric acid 96% for 2 and 4 min, mechanical scarification and 2% potassium nitrate for 72 h, mechanical scarification and gibberellic acid 400 ppm for 48 h with 20 days prechilling and intact seeds as control. Results showed that the ecotypes were different significantly for all traits except root length. Interaction of seed dormancy breaking treatments and ecotype were significant for all traits. Damavand ecotypewas higher than the restdue to the high viability, total germination percentage, germination rate and seedling vigor index. Among the treatments, mechanical scarification+gibberellic acid 400 ppm had more effective for germination parameters. Based on the results it could be said that seed dormancy is physical, because of seed scarification treatments they were able to absorb water and germinate.
Bahman Ahmadvand; Seyed Amir Moosavi; Seyed Ata Siadat; Reza Tavakkol Afshari; Ali GHATEI
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the morphometric characteristics of the seeds of different buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Möench) lots obtained from different planting dates (29th Aug: 1, 13th Sep: 2, 28th Sep: 3 and 12th Oc: 4) with its seed germination quality ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the morphometric characteristics of the seeds of different buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Möench) lots obtained from different planting dates (29th Aug: 1, 13th Sep: 2, 28th Sep: 3 and 12th Oc: 4) with its seed germination quality under different temperature treatments. For each of seed lot, four separate experiments with 11 temperature levels including 4, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 37, 40 and 45 °C were carried out in a completely randomized design with 3 replications in seed science and technology laboratory of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources of Khuzestan University in 2022. The results of analysis of variance demonstrated that temperature has a significant effect at the level of 1% on germination rate index. According to the model parameters and of course the standard error, the segmented model was chosen as the best model. Based on this, according to the superior (segmented) model, the base, optimal and ceiling temperatures for lot 1 are 4.82, 34.24 and 44.82 degrees Celsius respectively, in lot 2 they are 4.18, 33.82 and 46 respectively. 44.0 degrees Celsius, in lot 3 it was estimated 5, 34.64 and 43.87 degrees Celsius respectively and in lot 4 it was estimated 5, 31.69 and 44.27 degrees Celsius respectively. Identify the cardinal temperatures can be of great help in managing the optimal sowing date of crops.
Elham Faghani; Shahram Nowrouzieh; Ghorban Ali Roshani
Abstract
The seeds harvested from different climates in the process of seed delinting in the factory had different vigor and emergence in the field. Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of investigating the physiological and mechanical characteristics of delinted seeds in the factory. This project ...
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The seeds harvested from different climates in the process of seed delinting in the factory had different vigor and emergence in the field. Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of investigating the physiological and mechanical characteristics of delinted seeds in the factory. This project was done as a completely randomized block. The blocks were cultivars from different climate. Finally, traits such as the percentage of mature and immature seeds, seed coat and endosperm weight, ion leakage, seed scratchiness, density, volume, and breaking force of seed were studied. The results showed that the percentage of immature seeds was the highest in Golestan in dry-hot and Khordad in dry-cold. The highest percentage of scratched seeds was in Golestan in dry-moderate and the lowest percentage of scratched seeds was in Golestan in dry-hot province, Kashmer in dry-cold climate and Latif in dry-moderate. The highest percentage of healthy seeds that completed their physiological maturity was observed in Latif in dry-moderate with 98.8%. While the Golestan in the dry-hot had the lowest percentage of mature seed weight among the studied cultivars. The highest and the lowest failure force were in Khurshid, 83.75 N, and Golestan from dry- hot regions with 47.9N. In general, results cleared that failure force, percentage of crashed,,, broken, immature,, 100-seed weight and seed size for Golestan in both climates dry-moderate and dry-hot showed that both hull seed and de-hulled the Golestan seeds which are produced in dry-moderate are more tolerant rather than the seeds of dry-hot.
Ashkan Rahimi Shirazi; Mehdi Madandoost; Ahmad Kazemi
Abstract
Considering the environmental problems due to the usage of chemical herbicides, to control the weeds we can increase soil temperature by mulching. This research was conducted in Fasa in 2020. The experiment was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications.The first ...
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Considering the environmental problems due to the usage of chemical herbicides, to control the weeds we can increase soil temperature by mulching. This research was conducted in Fasa in 2020. The experiment was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications.The first factor was four varieties of weeds including Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Portulaca oleracea and Plantago lancoelata and the second factor was duration of mulching cover in 3 treatments including control, 20 and 40 days. After the periods of plastic mulching, the seeds were taken out of the soil depth and were examined based on standardized germination test. The results showed that the percentage and rate germination seeds, vigor and alpha and beta amylase decreased with the plastic mulching was used. 40 days of plastic mulching caused a reduction in germination speed comparing to the treatment which had no plastic mulching. By increasing the duration of the usage of mulching, the electric conduction of seeds showed an increase applying plastic mulching for forty days caused a decrease in seedling growth comparing to the treatment. The highest decrease in germination and seed vigor among the weeds was observed in Chenopodium album on the other hand plastic mulching treatment couldn't affect the germination in Plantago lancoelata. Overall, the results of this study showed that the parameters related to seed germination in different weed species was different based on the time of sun exposure under plastic mulch; So that solarization for 40 days is recommended to control weeds.
Nasrin Teimoori; Mokhtar Ghobadi; Danial Kahrizi
Abstract
Drought is one of the most important stresses in reducing plant growth, especially in the seed germination stage. Oxidative stress is one of the consequences of drought in plants. To investigate the reduction of oxidative stress damage caused by drought stress by using silicon in the initial stages of ...
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Drought is one of the most important stresses in reducing plant growth, especially in the seed germination stage. Oxidative stress is one of the consequences of drought in plants. To investigate the reduction of oxidative stress damage caused by drought stress by using silicon in the initial stages of camellia seedling growth, a factorial experiment as completely randomized design was carried out in the seed laboratory of Razi University with three replications. The factors include two camelina genotypes, four levels of drought stress (0, -3, -6, -9 bar using PEG-6000) and five levels of silicon (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mM). According to the results, drought stress increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase and the amount of malondialdehyde, but it decreased the growth characteristics of seedlings and the amount of soluble proteins. The consumption of silicon (especially by 6 and 8 mM concentrations) increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and seedling growth characteristics. So, consumption of 8 mM silicon increased peroxidase activity by 23.2%, catalase activity by 13.4%, superoxide dismutase activity by 41%, malondialdehyde by 19.1% and protein content. Soluble was 10.8%. Therefore, the consumption of silicon 8mM by activating the antioxidant system moderated the effects of oxidative stress caused by drought stress and increased the growth characteristics of camellia seedlings.
Faezeh Zaefarian; Mohammad Mehdi Mirzaei; Shiva Taheri
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of pretreatment of seeds with organic fertilizers on germination and seedling indices of three cultivar of black cumin seed, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized block design in four replications in 2021. The treatments of this ...
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In order to investigate the effect of pretreatment of seeds with organic fertilizers on germination and seedling indices of three cultivar of black cumin seed, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized block design in four replications in 2021. The treatments of this experiment were cultivar in three levels (Iranian, Indian and Syrian) and seed pretreatment in three levels of organic fertilizers: humic acid, biozinc and control (without pretreatment). Characteristics of germination percentage and rate, germination uniformity, root, shoot and seedling length, fresh and dry weight of root, shoot and seedling, seedling tissue water content, seedling length vigour index and allometric coefficient were measured. The results showed that the studied treatments and their interaction had a significant effect on most of the measured traits. The maximum and minimum germination percentages (93.67% and 83.33%, respectively) were allocated to Iranian and Indian cultivars; while the maximum germination uniformity (256.79 hours) was obtained in the Syrian cultivar pretreated with humic acid and the minimum germination uniformity (134.40 hours) was obtained in both Iranian cultivar without pretreatment and the Iranian cultivar pretreated with biozinc. Also, the highest seedling length and seedling length vigour index were recorded in Iranian cultivars pretreated with humic acid (4.20 cm and 400.21), respectively, and the lowest ones (1.42 cm and 113.01) in Syrian cultivar pretreated with biozinc. In general, in the present study, the effect of seed pretreatment using humic acid as organic fertilizer was positive in many germination indexes.
Elham Bahrabadi; R. Tavakkol Afshari; Mehdi Nassiri Mahallati
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of temperature, drought and priming on the percentage and rate germination of corn seeds, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replicates was conducted. Treatments included eight temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 ºC), ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of temperature, drought and priming on the percentage and rate germination of corn seeds, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replicates was conducted. Treatments included eight temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 ºC), four drought potential (0, -0.4, -0.8 and -1.2 MPa), and five priming (control, hydroprimin, GA priming, ABA priming and, SA ptiming). Both percentage and rate of germination were inhibited at osmotic potentials ≤−0.8 MPa PEG. At 35 ºC temperature. Germination percentage of unprimed seeds was reduced from 94 to 36% in −1.2 MPa. Under these conditions, gibberellic acid hormone treatment improved seed germination. The effect of temperature on germination can be defined in terms of cardinal temperatures. We compared three non-linear regression models (Dent-like, segmented and beta). The outcome revealed that the Dent-like function was suitable for use in describing seed germination response to temperature. The base, optimum 1, optimum 2 and ceiling temperature were estimated to be 9.51, 24.12, 35 and 44.62 °C, respectively. The response of germination rate to both temperature and water potential can be described as a non-linear function of the hydrothermal model. According to the results of this study, hydropriming, gibberellic acid, and salicylic acid increased the mean deviation of the base temperature compared to non-priming treatment, increasing the standard deviation of the base temperature indicates the ability of seed germination in different osmotic potentials.
Behrooz Salehi-Eskandari; Farzaneh Aslani
Abstract
Echinophora platyloba is an aromatic perennial plant belonging to the family Apiaceae which is used as food seasoning and persevering in Iran and the shoots have medicinal properties. This study aimed to investigate treatments of moist chilling (0,30, 45, 70 and 90 days), gibberellic acid (GA3; 0, 500, ...
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Echinophora platyloba is an aromatic perennial plant belonging to the family Apiaceae which is used as food seasoning and persevering in Iran and the shoots have medicinal properties. This study aimed to investigate treatments of moist chilling (0,30, 45, 70 and 90 days), gibberellic acid (GA3; 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/L) and scarification alone or a combination of these treatments for breaking seed dormancy of E. platyloba. The dormancy of the seeds was broken only after 90 days of moist chilling. Pretreatment GA only at the highest level (2000 mg/L) could induce seed germination (GP; 33%), the highest GP (50%) and germination index (GR; 3 seeds per day) was recorded in moist chilling treatment 45 days with GA3 treatment of 1000 mg/L. The lowest of GR was related to moist chilling treatment for 90 days and moist chilling treatment for 30 and 70 days with GA3 treatments of 500 and 2000 mg/L. The scarification treatment alone or combined with other treatments does not affect germination parameters.
Arash Mamedi; F. Sharifzadeh; Reza Maali Amiri
Abstract
Quinoa has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its low ecological needs and rich nutritional value. Therefore, the variability of germination components to temperature and determination of cardinal temperatures were performed by seed germination test at different constant temperatures ...
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Quinoa has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its low ecological needs and rich nutritional value. Therefore, the variability of germination components to temperature and determination of cardinal temperatures were performed by seed germination test at different constant temperatures from -1 to 45°C.The results of the dent-like model showed that the base temperature and ceiling temperature of quinoa were -03.04 and 45.45°C, respectively, and the optimum temperature was from 20 to 35°C. To investigation the effect of salinity and drought stress on germination at 25°C, the seeds were exposed to osmotic potentials from 0 to -28 bar, which were made of sodium chloride (NaCl) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively, to induce stresses. The results showed that the reduction of osmotic potential up to -12 bar was not able to significantly reduce the germination components compared to normal conditions. However, with decreasing osmotic potential to -18 and -24 bar, the germination percentage decreased significantly. The germination was completely stopped at -24 bar of drought-induced, while 24% germination was observed at the same point of the salinity-induced osmotic potential. Therefore, seed germination capacity under salinity-induced stress was more tolerant than drought-induced stress at all levels of osmotic potentials. Most likely, due to the fact that quinoa is halophyte, by absorbing the ionic elements of salt, required for the maintenance of the cell turgor, which concurrent increase in cytosolic osmolality. Thus, this species has a great potential for distribution to other areas such as provinces with dry climate.
shabnam hasrak; Abdolreza Bagheri; Reza Zarghami
Abstract
Reducing the minituber dormancy has economic importance . The current study was aimed to find the best dormancy breaking treatment to reduce minituber dormancy of two commercial varieties (Sante and Agria). Since minituber dormancy period depends on different factors, the individual effects of treatments ...
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Reducing the minituber dormancy has economic importance . The current study was aimed to find the best dormancy breaking treatment to reduce minituber dormancy of two commercial varieties (Sante and Agria). Since minituber dormancy period depends on different factors, the individual effects of treatments i.e. GA3 (0.05 and 0.07gl-1), thiourea (10 and 20gl-1) and CS2 (25 and 50mlm-3), genotype background (different dormancy periods), and minituber size (1.5, 2.5 and 3.5cm), were evaluated on minituber dormancy period. In addition to dormancy period, the effect of mentioned factors were investigated on sprout numbers and sprout length. Results showed that although CS2 and thiourea had good effects on the reduction of minituber dormancy, the detailed consideration of derived sprouts showed that it cannot be introduced as an appropriate dormancy breaking treatment. According to the results, GA3 (0.05gl-1) was found to be the best treatment for reducing dormancy period in both cultivars. GA3 (0.05gl-1), in addition to break the dormancy of different minituber sizes of both cultivars, had good effect on sprouting related parameters of treated minitubers.
Saeideh Maleki Farahani; Shapur Shekari
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to to evaluate effect of sowing date and seed hydropriming on, seed cotton yield, lint and seed oil of two cotton cultivars using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications at the Research Farm of Shahid University's Faculty of ...
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This experiment was conducted to to evaluate effect of sowing date and seed hydropriming on, seed cotton yield, lint and seed oil of two cotton cultivars using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications at the Research Farm of Shahid University's Faculty of Agriculture in the spring of 2018. The first factor was sowing date with three levels: April 25, May 10 and May 25, the second factor was hydropriming in two levels of control (without priming) and hydro-priming application and the third factor was cultivar with two levels of May344 and Sajidi cultivars.the Results of this study showed that hydropriming had no effects on weight of single boll. The weight of bolls on the sowing date of May 25 compared to April 25 was higher in the condition without priming in both cultivars. But hydropriming increased seed yield. The highest seed yield was obtained with average 11.07 ton/ha in the primed seeds of May344 variety on April 25, which were more 26% increase compared to the non-priming treatment and compared to May 10 and May 25, respectively 9.7 and 28.8 percent. The comparison results of the average sowing date and priming showed that the planting date of 10 May had the highest percentage of seed oil. Highest percentage of oil with an average of 23.4% was observed on this sowing date and in without priming treatment.
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2012, , Pages 139-146
Abstract
In order to evaluation of moisture content at harvesting of two Oilseed Rape(Brassica napus L.) a study was conducted in 2007- 2009 in Dezfoul region. Therefore, samples of Hyola 401 and Hyola 308 seeds at 10, 15, 25 and 35% moisture content at harvest were taken from the field in Dezfoul and tested ...
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In order to evaluation of moisture content at harvesting of two Oilseed Rape(Brassica napus L.) a study was conducted in 2007- 2009 in Dezfoul region. Therefore, samples of Hyola 401 and Hyola 308 seeds at 10, 15, 25 and 35% moisture content at harvest were taken from the field in Dezfoul and tested at the seed analysis laboratory. Some seed quality indices like primary and final germination percentage (seed viability) and daily germination speed (DGS) were measured. Data obtained using a 2andtimes;4 factorial experimental based on a completely randomized design with three replications, combined analysis revealed that primary and final germination percentage affected by cultivar andtimes; seed moisture content andtimes; year interaction and daily germination speed affected by cultivar andtimes; seed moisture content interaction. The highest primary and final germination at 15% seed moisture content and and daily germination speed in seeds with 10 and 15% moisture content was more than seeds with 25 and 35% moisture content. In addition, primary and final germination percentage of Hyola 401 was higher than Hyola 308. These results revealed that seed quality was affected by environmental factors and seeds harvested at 15% moisture content showed the highest quality.
Volume 2, Issue 2 , December 2013, , Pages 161-171
Abstract
In order to study germination characteristics of Tanacetum polycephalumin water and salinity stress conditions in different temperatures seven laboratories experimental were conducted. Temperatures regimes included 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 45 °C. For each temperature, salinity and water stress was ...
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In order to study germination characteristics of Tanacetum polycephalumin water and salinity stress conditions in different temperatures seven laboratories experimental were conducted. Temperatures regimes included 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 45 °C. For each temperature, salinity and water stress was used in seven osmotic potential (0, -2, -4, -6, -8, -10 and -12 bar) of NaCl and PEG, respectively. Results of each experimental showed that increasing water and salinity stress decreased germination rate, germination percentage, plumule and radicle length, significantly. In salinity stress, germination percentage in most temperatures except 20 and 25°C in -12 bar of NaCl reached to 0, but in drought stress in most temperatures except 20 and 25°C -10 of PEG reached to 0. The maximum of germination percentage and germination rate was abserved in 0 bar in 25°C. Also maximum toleraance to salinity and drought stress was -12 and 10 bar of NaCl and PEG in 25°C, respectively. Results showed that 25°C is optimum temperature for this plant and it tolerates salinity stress up to -12 bar and water stress up to -10 bar at this temperature
Volume 3, Issue 2 , December 2014, , Pages 173-187
Abstract
Plant growth regulators are the main factors in grain yield formation However, their physiological roles have not been fully identified. On the other hand, water stress is the main factor in reducing grain yield and germination characteristics. To this end, two experiments were carried out in the research ...
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Plant growth regulators are the main factors in grain yield formation However, their physiological roles have not been fully identified. On the other hand, water stress is the main factor in reducing grain yield and germination characteristics. To this end, two experiments were carried out in the research farm and laboratory of Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Razi University in Iran during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 years in a split-plot factorial arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The irrigation treatments including non water stress and water deficiency stress (from anthesis and continued until physiological maturity). The wheat cultivars including Pishtaz, Marvdasht, DN-11and 336 and the foliar application of indole acetic acid (dose of 50 μM)treatments including control, used at the beginning of grain growth (from anthesis) and at the beginning of grain filling (from 14 days after anthesis) at the entire plants. Under non water stress, the grain yield of Marvdasht was greater than other cultivars. More yield reduction of this Marvdasht in water deficiency compared to other cultivars showed more sensitivity of this cultivar to post-anthesis water deficiency and DN-11 in this situation had the lowest grain yield reduction. Foliar application of indole acetic acid (IAA) at the beginning of grain growth caused the most increase in grain yield. In this situation, IAA caused more increase in the grain yield of Marvdasht cultivar. But, this treatment at the beginning of grain filling did not have such effect. Seeds were obtained from the field were studied in the view of germination and seedling growth characteristics in the laboratory and the result showed that, plumule length and germination percentage were not affected by post-anthesis water deficiency. Under post-anthesis water deficiency, Plumule to radicle ratio and germination rate significantly increased and other parameters showed a significant decrease. Mean comparison of foliar application of IAA at the beginning of grain filling showed that this significantly increased germination characteristics. With respect to these results, Auxin may via positive effects on seed quality and not quantity (seed weight) may be had positive effects on seed germination characteristics.
Miad Haji Mahmoodi; Abdolmahdi Bakhshande; Seyed Amir Moosavi; seyed ata Siadat
Abstract
Aging and salinity stress are main challenges towards of producing a healthy seedling. This research was conducted to investigate the effects of seed aging on the seed germination properties of Wild mustard under salinity stress condition. Experimental treatments were five levels of seed aging 0, 24, ...
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Aging and salinity stress are main challenges towards of producing a healthy seedling. This research was conducted to investigate the effects of seed aging on the seed germination properties of Wild mustard under salinity stress condition. Experimental treatments were five levels of seed aging 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and different levels of salinity stress 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mmol. Seed germination, germination rate and seed vigor were declined at high salinity concentrations. Catalase activity and total seed protein content were decrease due to the aging. Seed protein content (1.4 mg/g fw) declined about 92% and reach to 0.1 mg/g fw after 96h of aging. Catalase activity was decrease due to aging while in contrast, peroxidase activity was higher from 0.04 to 0.11 u/ mg protein after 96 h of aging. It was observed that all fatty acids of wild mustard seed oil were changed at higher aging durations. Behenic acid (C22:0) and Erusic acid (C22:1) were 0.656 and 38.543% in noaged seeds and they increased to 0.751 and 40.186%, respectively.
H.R. Mehrabi; M.R. Chaichi; R. Tavakkol Afshari; Sh. Rezaei
Abstract
Seed enhancement methods are applied to eliminate or decrease adverse environmental stress effects and increase seed germination rate and vigor of rangeland plants. The coated seed process is from amplifier ways that stick various materials on the outer surface of the seeds that minimize the negative ...
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Seed enhancement methods are applied to eliminate or decrease adverse environmental stress effects and increase seed germination rate and vigor of rangeland plants. The coated seed process is from amplifier ways that stick various materials on the outer surface of the seeds that minimize the negative environmental effects and increase the ability of plant establishment. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of seed coating methods on germination of Triticum aesativum, cultivar Sardariin different moisture stress levels and sowing depths. This experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design with four replications. Treatments of covering material was used in four levels including, non coating levels (NC), mineral-based coating (CC), organic- based coating (OC), and hydro gel-based coating (HC). Moisture treatments were used in three levels of moisture soil content. Two planting depth and three seed diameter including M9%, M14% and M21% were used. During the test, speed of germination was evaluated. The results showed that moisture treatments and planting depth at had highly significant effect and there was no significant effect of coating treatments. Also the interaction between type of covering material and soil moisture was not significant for germination speed, but there was significant difference between treatments of seed size in M9% and M21%. Although in the triple interaction, increasing moisture and planting depth enhanced the speed of germination process, but it was not significant statistically. The seedling growth of covered seed developed significantly, so it can be useful in enhancing plant performance.
Haniyeh Saadat; Mohammad Sedghi
Abstract
In order to investigate The effect of priming and aging on the growth indicators and activity of antioxidant enzymes in hybrid maize single cross 704 a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2021 with 3 replications. Treatments ...
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In order to investigate The effect of priming and aging on the growth indicators and activity of antioxidant enzymes in hybrid maize single cross 704 a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2021 with 3 replications. Treatments were aging (control, 7 and 14 days) and priming (control, hydro-priming, priming by gibberellin (20 mg / l) and salicylic acid (100 mg / l)). The results showed that aging decreased growth indicators including Radicle Length (RL), Plumule Length (PL), Seedling Length (SL), Radicle Dry Weight (RDW), Plumule Dry Weight (PDW), Radicle Fresh Weight (RFW), Plumule Fresh Weight (PFW) Seed Length Vigor Index (SLVI) and Seed Weight Vigor Index (SLWI), but types of priming, especially priming with gibberellin improved these traits. As compared to the control, the catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase activities increased respectively by 73%, 63%, and 21% after gibberellin treatment and 14 days of aging. The highest amount of peroxidase enzyme activity (1.797 units mg-1 protein) was related to gibberellin priming. In general, gibberellin pretreatment increased fragile corn seeds' growth indicators and antioxidant enzymes activities, and it can be used to enhance.aging compared to the control showed an increase respectively about 73%, 63% and 21%. The highest amount of peroxidase enzyme activity (1.797 units mg-1 protein) was related to gibberellin priming. In general, using gibberellin pretreatment strengthened weak corn seeds growth indicators and antioxidant enzymes and the treatment can be used to increase weak seed vigor.
J. Zad; S. Rahmanpour; V. Rahjoo; S. Jafarpour; P. Hemmati
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 51-62
Abstract
The contamination of canola seeds to various fungal agents is important like other crops and it is varied annually. Diseases like blackleg and sclerotinia stem rot are considered as the most important diseases in Iran. The possibility of their direct spread through seed contaminations and indirect spread ...
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The contamination of canola seeds to various fungal agents is important like other crops and it is varied annually. Diseases like blackleg and sclerotinia stem rot are considered as the most important diseases in Iran. The possibility of their direct spread through seed contaminations and indirect spread through infected debris in seed masses will have danger of their development. For investigating canola seed contamination to fungal agents, seed samples were collected from seed parties of canola grown in cold areas including Alborz, Kermanshah and Markazi provinces. The surface of seeds were observed to differentiate and separate different abnormal appearances including wrinkle, presence of cracks, oozes, hyphal shape particles, and black spots. The presence of sclerotia of stem rots disease causal agent, and plant debris containing pycnidia of blackleg disease were checked in seed samples using stereo microscope. The identification of fungi on the seeds was done with and without surface disinfection processes. The plant debris in non-sieved seed samples did not have structures similar to pycnidia of blackleg disease. The results obtained demonstrated that the seed samples were contaminated to fungi including Penicillium sp., Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., and Rhizopus sp..
E. Rezvani; F. Ghaderifar; A. Hamidi; E. Soltani
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 51-63
Abstract
In order to study the effect of desiccation tolerance on seed germination and vigor of hybrid maize, a field experiment was conducted using five sowing dates in three replications. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design in Karaj, Iran. Sampling from female rows (B73 Inbred line) ...
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In order to study the effect of desiccation tolerance on seed germination and vigor of hybrid maize, a field experiment was conducted using five sowing dates in three replications. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design in Karaj, Iran. Sampling from female rows (B73 Inbred line) was started right after pollination in a weekly scale. The harvested hybrid seeds were dried in open air conditions. Changes in seed growth and development were evaluated from 20 days after flowering and laboratory tests were performed on fresh and dried seed samples of each developmental stages. The results showed that the effects of sowing dates on normal seedling percentage, mean germination time) and seedling length was significant. The 4th sowing date had the highest normal seedling and seed vigor. Seed filling rate (3.7-9.2 mg/gram) and moisture content reduction (0.63 -1.06 percent/day) was different, depends on the sowing date and temperature of seed developmental period. It is observed that the developing seeds that dried before standard germination test, started to germinate very sooner (20-30 DAF on basis of sowing date) than fresh seeds (that start 30-50 DAF). Dried seeds reached meaningfully sooner to the highest normal seedlings percentage (30-60 DAF). When the desiccation started without hot temperature stress in third and fourth sowing dates, desiccation tolerance completed sooner. So the seeds reach to the highest percentage of normal seedling very soon, after drying. The evaluation of mean germination time and seedling length, as indicators of seed vigor showed that dried seeds reach to maximum germination rate and seedling length sooner than fresh seeds. The changes trend in these indicators was similar to changes in normal seedling percentage. It was concluded that appropriate temperature (lower than 35ºC) in desiccation period, especially at the beginning stages, results in fast extension of desiccation tolerance among the seeds and enhancing the seed quality after drying.
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 53-60
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of temperature on the mobilization of protein reserves of wheat cultivars and seedling traits a factorial experiment conducted based on a completely randomized design at seed technology laboratory of the Faculty of Agricultural sciences, University of Mohaghegh ...
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In order to investigate the effect of temperature on the mobilization of protein reserves of wheat cultivars and seedling traits a factorial experiment conducted based on a completely randomized design at seed technology laboratory of the Faculty of Agricultural sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili with three replications. Treatments were three germination temperatures including 10, 20 and 30 ◦C and three wheat cultivars (Sardari, Finikan and MV17). Studied traits included germination percentage and rate, seedling dry weight, protease activity and protein content, respiration index and distribution of dry matter to seedling parts. Results showed that the highest germination percentage, rate and mean of germination time were related to 20 ◦C in all cultivars. The highest protein contentin in seed residual (8.7%) was observed in Sardari cultivar at 10 ◦C,but the lowest activity of protease (4.63 unit mg-1) was related to Finikan at this temperature. The highest amount of seed material lost as respiration (20.21) attained in MV17 cultivar at 30◦C. The highest seed reserves mobilization efficiency was related to Finikan and MV17 (1.23 and 1.2 respectively) at 20◦C. Seed dry matter distribution to radicle and plumule was different in cultivars and temperatures and the highest distribution to radicle (6.27%) and plumule (15.84%) were related to MV17 and Finikan cultivars, respectively at 20 ◦C. Seed protein reserves remobilization efficiency was the same in all cultivars at 20 ◦C, but MV17 at 10 ◦C and Finikan at 30 ◦C had the highest efficiency. In conclusion, higher germination percentage of MV17 at 20 ◦C can be related to the higher activity of protease
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 53-66
Abstract
Investigating the effect of seed priming in yield and yield components of Williams soybean cultivar under drought stress, an experiment was conducted in a randomized block design of split-plot. The experiment was repeated four replicant and it took place at the experimental station of Islamic Azad ...
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Investigating the effect of seed priming in yield and yield components of Williams soybean cultivar under drought stress, an experiment was conducted in a randomized block design of split-plot. The experiment was repeated four replicant and it took place at the experimental station of Islamic Azad university of Shahr-e-Ray. The main plots consisted of two treatments (that is, irrigation after 50 and 100 mm evaporation from pan evaporation was the optimum condition and drought stress) and subplot that include the five durations of priming seed ( that is, four times of soaking and drying the seeds for 2,4,6 and 8 hours in the shade without any primings ). A completely randomized design was conducted under laboratory environment with four replications. Priming seeds showed improvement percentage and germination rate under laboratory environment. As was observed in seed germination, seeds were soaked and dried each, for 4 hours with the average of 95/66 percent, had the highest percentage of germination. The lowest germination time was the 4 times soaking and drying seeds in 6 hours each, in shade in 1/29 days. The results showed that it decreased the drought stress, performance, number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed weight and harvest index. Priming seed in both irrigation and drought stress caused an improvement in seed yield, seed weight and harvest index. The highest seed yield was gained with four hours retrofitting and in the absence of stress with an average of 4012 kg per hectare. Also under the drought stress condition, priming caused yield improvements through growth and yield related traits. Accordingly Therefore priming in such environment had significantly better results in 4 hours and as a result of drought stress led to the highest seed yield of 2883 kg per hectare. Consequently the treatment of priming seed can be treated as a way of increasing the soybean seed yield in the different moisture conditions.
R. Afrosheh; Hamidreza Balouchi; M. Movahedi Dehnavi; M.H. Gharineh
Abstract
The seeds of oilseed plants are susceptible to deterioration and the seed power in oilseed plants decreases faster over the time. In order to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid and seed aging on germination characteristics and biochemical changes of Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Soffeh seeds,an experiment ...
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The seeds of oilseed plants are susceptible to deterioration and the seed power in oilseed plants decreases faster over the time. In order to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid and seed aging on germination characteristics and biochemical changes of Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Soffeh seeds,an experiment was conducted as a factorial base on completely randomized design with fourand three replications for germination and biochemical characteristics respectively. The first factor was priming by salicylic acid include seven levels in 0 (distilled water), 50 and 100 ppm for 24 and 48 h in 15°Cand without priming (control)and secondary factor was combinations four levels of aging (0, 2, 4 and 6 days). Results showed that the interaction of priming and aging effects on germination rate, normal seedling percentage, abnormal seedling percentage, seedling length, length of seed vigor index, seedling dry weight, weight of seed vigor index and EC were significant, but on germination percentage, total protein, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase only affected by the main effects.Results showed that germination characteristics with increasing in the aging duration were reduced significantly and using priming germination characteristics were increased but protein, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase decline along with increasing seed aging. In the study, using priming treatment salicylic acid 50 ppm for 48 h had higher germination characteristics and antioxidant activity and soluble proteins in comparison with untreated or control of safflower seeds.
A. Dehshiri
Abstract
Coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum L.) has essential oil, lipid and protein, and the lack attention to seed storage condition causes physical and physiological damage and ultimately decreasesits quality and deterioration so a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design was carried out and ...
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Coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum L.) has essential oil, lipid and protein, and the lack attention to seed storage condition causes physical and physiological damage and ultimately decreasesits quality and deterioration so a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design was carried out and six levels of time storage (30, 60, 90,120,150 and 180 days), five level of seed moisture (5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 %) and four level of temperature (10,15,20 and 25 oc ) were studied. The results showed that the moisture content of 13% had severe harmful effects on seed germination at different temperatures compared to other humidity. In 5% moisture, an increase in temperature from 10 to 25 oc had no significant effect on germination indices especially seed germination percent and it was above 90 in all temperatures. The results of different seed packaging material showed that between aluminum, fabric, paper and cellophane, aluminum has less impact on the germination indices. The conclustion that can storage coriander seeds in the moisture content of 5% and aluminum packaging at temperature bellow 25 for long-term without a significant reduction in its maintenance.
