Elahe Nikouee; Maryam Mollashahi; Alireza Moshki; Homan Ravanbaksh
Abstract
Due to the fact that Elaeagnus angustifolia seed has a hard shell, the present study was conducted to investigate the types of appropriate treatments for germination of Elaeagnus angustifolia seed. The experiment was done in Semnan. Seed scarification performed in a completely randomized design with ...
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Due to the fact that Elaeagnus angustifolia seed has a hard shell, the present study was conducted to investigate the types of appropriate treatments for germination of Elaeagnus angustifolia seed. The experiment was done in Semnan. Seed scarification performed in a completely randomized design with three replications (12 seed per replication). Experimental treatments to break dormancy of Elaeagnus angustifolia seed included control, 60% sodium hydroxide for 20 and 30 minutes, 98% sulfuric acid for 20 and 30 minutes, 1% oxygenated water for 10 and 20 minutes, physical scraping, 90°C boiling water for 15 minutes and ice water(5 days at a temperature of zero degrees and then 24 hours at a temperature of 25 degrees for 3 days). The results showed that there was a significant difference at the level of 1 % between the germination treatments of Elaeagnus angustifolia seed including of germination percent, germination rate, and mean time of germination seed vitality index, and seed vegetative traits such as root length, stem length, number of leaflets and seed germination indices. The highest germination percentage was 88.67% in 98% sulfuric acid treatment for 20 minutes. Also, the highest seed vigor index (96%), mean root length(48 mm), mean stem length(60 mm) and average number of leaflets (5.7 number) were observed in this treatment. Totally, the results showed that in all parameters examined that Sulfuric acid treatment of 98% for 20 years obtained the highest values, but two treatments of ice water and boiling water prevented the germination of Oleaster seeds.
Hadi Kalantari Khalilabad; Ali Izadi Darbandi; Ardeshir Qaderi; Seyed Ahmad Sadat Noori; Mohammadreza Labbafi; Maryam Ahvazi
Abstract
The legume family has seed dormancy, which is an evolutionary adaptation that prevents seed germination in adverse ecological conditions and it is very important in preserving plant species. In order to study the effect of various mechanical, hormonal, and physical factors on the dormancy breaking of ...
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The legume family has seed dormancy, which is an evolutionary adaptation that prevents seed germination in adverse ecological conditions and it is very important in preserving plant species. In order to study the effect of various mechanical, hormonal, and physical factors on the dormancy breaking of sophora seeds, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in three replications. The treatments included gibberellic acid, sulfuric acid, hot water, and cold at 4 degrees Celsius in different periods. The results showed that Compared to the very low germination of untreated seeds (0-53%), the application of 75% concentration of sulfuric acid for 15 minutes, improved the germination percentage (95.5%) and also the initial growth of the seedling. The percentage of germination (93%) in the treatment having hot water was significant compared to the control sample (56%). Compared to the very low germination of untreated seeds (0-53%), sulfuric acid (73-95.5%) and soaking in hot water (52-93%) were effective in germination. According to the dormancy failure of bitter gourd seeds in the tested treatments, it can be concluded that the dormancy of bitter gourd seeds is of a mechanical type and related to the physical properties of the seed coat. treatments of hot water and l sulfuric acid can remove seed dormancy in sophora. According to the breaking sophora seeds dormancy in the tested treatments, it can be concluded that the seed dormancy is of a mechanical type and related to the physical properties of the seed coat.
Nour Ali Sajedi; Bizhan ghazi nezami
Abstract
In order to seed germination induction and response of seedling growth of Primula vulgaris to different treatments of mechanical scarification and chemical pre-treatment, an experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with treatments of control, seed scarification (for 3 minute), warm ...
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In order to seed germination induction and response of seedling growth of Primula vulgaris to different treatments of mechanical scarification and chemical pre-treatment, an experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with treatments of control, seed scarification (for 3 minute), warm water 70 and 90˚C, priming with potasium nitrate at the rate of 2 and 4%, gibberellic acid at the concentration of 250 and 500 mg/L with three replicates in 2013. The results showed that treatments of seed scarification, warm water 70 and 90˚C and gibberellic acid of 250 and 500 mg/L increased the seedling emergence percentage compared to the control. The maximum of the daily emergence percentage recorded from gibberellic acid of 250 mg/L. Seed treatment with potasium nitrate of 2 and 4% decreased the mean emergence time by 61.2 and 51.7% compared with the control, respectively. The highest emergence rate coefficient equal to 0.094 and 0.092 was achieved from seed treatment with potasium nitrate of 2 and 4% .The maximum seedling length (5.53 cm), seedling dry weight (0.029 g), seedling vigor weight index (1.15) was obtained at gibberellic acid of 250 mg/L treatment. Treatments of seed scarification, warm water 70 and 90˚C, gibberellic acid at the concentration of 250 and 500 mg/L increased seedling vigor weight index compared to the control, significantly. In general, seed pre-treatment of Primula vulgaris with gibberellic acid of 250 mg/L was improved germination and seedling growth indices.
Javad Tabatabaeian; Azam Kadkhodaie
Abstract
Mountain celery with scientific name of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff is one of native medicinal plants of Iran that is an endangered species due to illegal removal. Present study was carried out to find the suitable treatment for stimulating germination of seeds this plant. A factorial experiment based ...
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Mountain celery with scientific name of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff is one of native medicinal plants of Iran that is an endangered species due to illegal removal. Present study was carried out to find the suitable treatment for stimulating germination of seeds this plant. A factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replications was used. Stratification (4 ̊C for 0, 4, and 8 weeks), 500 ppm solutions of Gibberellin (GA), Benzyl adenine (BA), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), Indole butyric acid (IBA) and combinations of these hormones as follows: (GA+IBA), (GA+ NAA), (GA+BA), (IBA+NAA), (IBA+BA), (NAA+BA), (GA+ IBA+NAA), (GA+ IBA+BA), (GA+NAA+BA), (IBA+NAA+BA), (GA+ IBA +NAA+BA) were the treatments. The results showed that Stratification or hormonal treatments alone increased germination parameters, however, 8 weeks stratification and GA were the most effective treatments. The highest germination percent and duration were obtained in GA, BA, GA+IBA+IBA and IBA after eight weeks of stratification at 4 ̊C due to treatments interaction suggesting that seeds of this species has physiological dormancy. There was no synergic effect between hormonal treatments. The results showed that mountain celery had physiological dormancy and treatments with the greatest degree of success in breaking dormancy were GA, BA, GA+IBA+BA, BA and IBA under 8 weeks stratification.
A. Mamedi; R. Tavakkol Afshari
Abstract
Quinoa (Chenepodium quinoa Willd.) is a grain-like crop which has a high grown potential in Iran. Due to it's seed have high nutritional value, therefore, compared to milk nutrition by the FAO. This study aims to determine the seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting three cultivars of quinoa. This plant ...
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Quinoa (Chenepodium quinoa Willd.) is a grain-like crop which has a high grown potential in Iran. Due to it's seed have high nutritional value, therefore, compared to milk nutrition by the FAO. This study aims to determine the seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting three cultivars of quinoa. This plant was planted in a randomized complete block design at the research farm of university of Tehran and, phonological traits were recorded. Then the related studies such as seed dormancy and pre-harvest evaluation resistance were conducted in two 15 and 25°C constant temperatures in seed laboratory. The results shown that there is significant genetic variation for pre-harvest sprouting and other traits. The results demonstrate that Titicaca and Santamaria have lowest and highest germination in cluster, respectively. Also, Titicaca cultivar related to the other cultivars have had high percentage of seed dormancy. The results shown that it is possible to handle the quinoa crop in such areas which have frequent risk of PHS.
Mohsen Nasiri
Abstract
Two genera of chamomile and tansies (Anthemis and Tanacetum) belong to asteraceae family are widely used as medicinal plant possessing several pharmacological effects due to presence of active compounds. One of the main problem in maintenance seeds of wild and native species in gene bank is regeneration ...
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Two genera of chamomile and tansies (Anthemis and Tanacetum) belong to asteraceae family are widely used as medicinal plant possessing several pharmacological effects due to presence of active compounds. One of the main problem in maintenance seeds of wild and native species in gene bank is regeneration of aged seeds that lose their viability over times. For increasing of seed germination percentage (G%), it is necessary to apply some seed dormancy breaking treatments. In this experiment seeds of 19 accession from seven species of A. altissima, A. haussknechtii, A. tinctoria, A. triumfettii, A.pseudocotula, T. parthenium and T. pinnatum were provided from Iranian natural resource Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran in 2014-2015. Seeds of A. altissima were storage for 18 years and seeds of other species were storage in range of 9-14 years as medium-term storage (active cold room 4°C). The initial seed G% was also provided from gene bank. Seeds of 7 species were evaluated using 5 x7 factorial based on completely randomized design with four replications. The five levels of chilling treatments were initial G%, (control), 1 month and 2 months moist chilling (4°C) and field establishment. Result of analysis of variance showed that there is a significant effects between species, treatment (P<0.0) and their interactions (P<0.05). Results showed that both moist chilling had significantly increased G% in all of species than that for both initial G% and control G%. The 1 month moist chilling treatment had significantly increased total G% with average values of 24.7 % than that for control (6.2%). The lowest G% was obtained in A. altissimo. This species was kept for longer time (18 years) in gene bank, indicating the effect of long time storing in seed derogation. The effect of chilling treatment on G% was higher in A. altissima, A.triumfettii,T.parthenium than other species. It was concluded that 1 month moist chilling is suggested for dormancy breaking of chamomile and tansies
M. Khajeh-Hosseini; M. Alinaghizadeh; S.A. Hosseini; M.H. Rashed Mohasel
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 199-213
Abstract
In order to study the seed germination and dormancy of 3 weed species (Prosopis farcta, Launaea acanthodes and Cressa cretica) of pistachio orchards in Rafsanjan, Iran, three factorial experiments were conducted based on completely randomized design with four replications, at the faculty of agriculture, ...
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In order to study the seed germination and dormancy of 3 weed species (Prosopis farcta, Launaea acanthodes and Cressa cretica) of pistachio orchards in Rafsanjan, Iran, three factorial experiments were conducted based on completely randomized design with four replications, at the faculty of agriculture, Vali-E-Asr university of Rafsanjan, Iran, in 2014. Weed seeds were collected from five different regions of Rafsanjan, including Markazi, Anar, Koshkoiyeh and Nogh. Dormancy breaking treatments for P. farcta included scarification by scalpel and sandpaper, chemical scarification by sulfuric acid (30 and 40 min), and distilled water as control. Treatments for L. acanthodes included gibbereilic acid (250, 500 and 1000 ppm), KNO3 (500 and 1000 ppm), cold stratification (for 1, 3 and 5 weeks). Treatments for C. cretica included scarification by scalpel and sandpaper, sulfuric acid (5 and 10 minute), boiling water (for 15 and 30 min) and distilled water as control. Results showed that seed germination percentage (SGP) and mean germination time (MGT) was significantly different among different weed populations and dormancy breaking methods. Seed scarification by scalpel and sulfuric acid resulted in highest SGP in P. farcta and C. cretica. For all L. acanthodes populations, cold stratification for 5 weeks increased SGP, especially in Anar (94 %). Using KNO3 at 500 ppm, and 250 ppm gibbereilic acid, significantly increased germination percentage of L. acanthodes seeds (79 and 74.8 %, respectively), but higher concentration of KNO3 and gibbereilic acid, reduced germination percentage.
Volume 3, Issue 2 , December 2014, , Pages 153-161
Abstract
In order to survey the effects of dormancy-breaking methods on Kelussia odoratissmaseeds a completely randomized design was implemented at five replications in Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, 2010. Treatments were: seed stratification (4°C for 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks), socking in gibberllic ...
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In order to survey the effects of dormancy-breaking methods on Kelussia odoratissmaseeds a completely randomized design was implemented at five replications in Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, 2010. Treatments were: seed stratification (4°C for 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks), socking in gibberllic acid (250, 500 and 1000 ppm solutionfor 12 hr) and seed stratification and gibberllic acid combination (500 ppm +4°C for 4,6,8 and 10 weeks). Results showed significant differences among treatments (pKelussia odoratissma α-amylase activity obtained of 500 ppm +4°C for 8 and 10weeks (14.2 and 13.8 nm seed-1 min-2). Results indicated Kelussia odoratissma seed treatment with 500 ppm +4°C for 8 and 10weeks was the best treatment for induction Kelussia odoratissma seed germination
Volume 3, Issue 2 , December 2014, , Pages 241-249
Abstract
In order to survey the effects of dormancy-breaking methods on Kelussia odoratissmaseeds a completely randomized design was implemented at five replications in Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, 2010. Treatments were: seed stratification (4°C for 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks), socking in gibberllic ...
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In order to survey the effects of dormancy-breaking methods on Kelussia odoratissmaseeds a completely randomized design was implemented at five replications in Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, 2010. Treatments were: seed stratification (4°C for 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks), socking in gibberllic acid (250, 500 and 1000 ppm solutionfor 12 hr) and seed stratification and gibberllic acid combination (500 ppm +4°C for 4,6,8 and 10 weeks). Results showed significant differences among treatments (pKelussia odoratissma α-amylase activity obtained of 500 ppm +4°C for 8 and 10weeks (14.2 and 13.8 nm seed-1 min-2). Results indicated Kelussia odoratissma seed treatment with 500 ppm +4°C for 8 and 10weeks was the best treatment for induction Kelussia odoratissma seed germination
Volume 2, Issue 2 , December 2013, , Pages 147-159
Abstract
To find methods of breaking seed dormancy,an experiment was arranged in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications in laboratory ofGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resourcesduring 2010. The seeds were divided into three portions. Two portions ...
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To find methods of breaking seed dormancy,an experiment was arranged in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications in laboratory ofGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resourcesduring 2010. The seeds were divided into three portions. Two portions of seeds within a period of two and four weeks in temperature of 4οC was remained uniformity under moist conditions (cold stratification) and one another part of seeds located in laboratory conditions and ordinary temperature. Then nine mechanical and chemical scarification treatments (using of gibberellic acid with concentration of 500, 1500 and 2000 ppm; 1, 2 and 4 minutes soaking in sulfuric acid; 1, 2 and 3 minutes of using of Emery)were applied on these seed portions and the germination percentage, rate and uniformity were investigated. Also, in order to determine the effect of treatments on permeability of seed coat to water, water adsorption trend of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) seed was studied after using of treatments. Results of experiment indicated that prechilling, scarification treatments and their interaction effects have significant effect on germination components. According to results, effective treatments following by 24 hours of soaking in gibberllic acid(density=2000, 1500 ppm) andmechanical scarification for 2 minutes treatment, in non-prechilling and 2 weeks prechilling. No use of prechilling treatment, germination percentage in 24 hours of soaking in gibberllic acid(density=2000, 1500 ppm) andmechanical scarification for 2 minutes treatment observed 58.5, 56 and 47.5%, respectively. Despite two weeks of moist chilling, germination percentage of these treatments with a slight increase was about 77.25, 76.5 and 53.25%, respectively, meanwhile under four weeks of moist chilling, germination percentage in above treatments decreased about 77, 65 and 66%. In the end it became clear that the best treatment for reduction of wild mustard seed dormancy and improve its germination was 24 hours of soaking in gibberllic acid(density=1500 ppm) andemery for 2 minutes treatment
