Bita Oskouei; Leila Sadeghi; Kobra Moslemkhani; Hadis Afshar; Zahra Radmanesh
Abstract
Genetic purity, as one of the important characteristics of the quality of seed lots, has been considered in the national standards of certified seed producing countries to achieve desirable and stable characteristics of agricultural cultivars. According to the national standard, determining the other ...
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Genetic purity, as one of the important characteristics of the quality of seed lots, has been considered in the national standards of certified seed producing countries to achieve desirable and stable characteristics of agricultural cultivars. According to the national standard, determining the other speciese in the seed sample is considered as one of the important tests of seed quality. This feature is checked with an emphasis on recognizable characteristics in the seed analysis laboratory. The research has investigated the characteristics and differences in appearance and genetics of seeds off- type of chickpea seeds. The results showed that the seeds that were considered as off- type morphologically differed from the control in at least one of the measured traits. These seeds were different from the original seed in terms of color, shape seed surface roughness and seed groove, also the selected indices were similar in the first and second generation seeds. The results of the molecular test also confirmed the results of the morphological investigations. In Adel, Mansour, Arman cultivars, the samples that in morphological studies were considered as off-type, in molecular studies using microsatellite markers H3F09, H3C11 and H1A06 showed that the molecular profile was not uniform and allele diversity was greater than the main allele of cultivars. In the process of seed certification program, microsatellite markers are a suitable and complementary tool to the use of morphological markers to determine the genetic purity of chickpea seed samples.
Ali Shayanfar; Bita Oskouei; Abbas Dehshiri; Hadis Afshar; Elahe Gheysari
Abstract
Randomized factorial design was implemented in four replications to determine optimal methods of Ajwain (Carum capticum) standard seeds germination. Ajwain seeds were placed top and between paper and sand exposed to two potassium nitrate (two grams per 1000 ml distilled water) and pre-chilling (seven ...
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Randomized factorial design was implemented in four replications to determine optimal methods of Ajwain (Carum capticum) standard seeds germination. Ajwain seeds were placed top and between paper and sand exposed to two potassium nitrate (two grams per 1000 ml distilled water) and pre-chilling (seven days under 7-10ºC) pre-treatments which were under six temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 20-30, and 35ºC) in germinator for 25 days so as to germination indices were assessed. Ajwain seeds viability was estimated 75% after tetrazolium test. The highest final and normal seedling percentages were found under 15 and 20ºC in pre-chilling treatment and also 20ºC in potassium nitrate and control. No germination was observed under 35ºC in potassium nitrate and control, however, pre-chilling led to >26% germination. The higher germination potential was shown in top and between papers compared with sand. The lowest germination rate was recorded in control and potassium nitrate and the highest one in pre-chilling. The maximum of seedling weight vigor was suggested in top and between paper when seeds were put under 10, 15, and 20ºC. In order to evaluate optimal standard germination of Ajwain seeds, it was resulted that applying of two potassium nitrate and pre-chilling treatments placed top and between papers under 15 and 20ºC caused maximum of germination potential and seedling weight vigor.
Bita Oskouei; Abbas Dehshiri; Hadis Afshar; Elahe Gheysari; Ali Shayanfar
Abstract
An experiment was implemented based on completely randomized design with four replications to determine standard Flixweed (Descurainia sophia) germination test condition. Flixweed seeds were placed in germinator for 14 days under 6 temperatures 10, 15, 20, 25, 20-30, 35ºC exposed to three treatments ...
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An experiment was implemented based on completely randomized design with four replications to determine standard Flixweed (Descurainia sophia) germination test condition. Flixweed seeds were placed in germinator for 14 days under 6 temperatures 10, 15, 20, 25, 20-30, 35ºC exposed to three treatments of potassium nitrate (2 grams per 1000 ml of distilled water), pre-chilling (7-10ºC for 7 days), pre-soaking (24h in distilled water), two cellulose substrates of top paper and between paper, and sands. Then, germination indexes were assessed. After comparison of three mentioned treatments (potassium nitrate, pre-chilling, and pre-soaking) with control it was demonstrated that the highest germination rate belonged to pre-chilling in 15ºC.The lowest amount of germination indices and the highest percentage of dead seeds were found in 25 and 35ºC. The best treatment to improve germination and seedling vigor was applying of potassium nitrate and optimal temperatures to reach maximum of germination was 10 and 15ºC. Higher germination was achieved when top and between paper substrate were used than sand. In total, it was suggested that it would be better for potassium nitrate to be under 10 and 15ºC when top and between paper and sand were applied, respectively to optimal condition for standard germination determination was achieved, because the highest percentage of final germination, normal seedlings, and seedling weight vigor, and also the lowest percentage of dead seeds were observed.
