Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

In order to study effects of seed priming and foliar application of nano particle and zinc sulfate on yield and yield components of safflower, an experiment was carried out  based on RCBD  with four replications in Islamic Azad University, Arak branch, in  during 2013. Treatments composed of  without priming (control) and eleven  treatment compound as seed priming, foliar application, seed priming along with foliar application of  zinc sulfate and nano particle of zinc and seed priming with distillate water . The results showed that seed priming with distillate water and different sources of zinc increased the number of capitulum per plant as compared to control. Seed priming with distillate water and different methods of zinc sulfate application could be increased the 100 seed weight compared to nano particle of zinc. The maximum of number of grain per plant was obtained from seed priming with zinc sulfate treatments alone or along with foliar application and seed priming with 300 mg.L-1 nano particle of zinc. Seed priming with nano particle and zinc sulfate alone or along with foliar application increased grain yield compared with control. The maximum of grain yield equal to 2853.3 kg.ha-1 was observed from seed priming with 600 mg.L-1 along with 2 g.L-1 zinc sulphate.In general, the results showed thatseed priming with 300 mg.L-1 nano particle  or seed priming with 600 mg.L-1 along with 2 g.L-1  zinc sulphate can obtain acceptable product

Keywords

Abde-Hady, B.A. 2007. Effect of zinc application on growth and nutrient uptake of Barley plant irrigated with
saline water. J. Appl. Sci. Res. 6:431-436.
Babhulkar, P.S., K. Dinesk, W. P. Badole, S. S. Balpande, and D. Kar, 2000. Effect of sulfur and zinc on
yield, quality and nutrient uptake by safflower in vertisols. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 48: 541-543.
Bailly, C., A. Benamar, F. Corbinean, and D. Come, 2000. Antioxidant systems in sunflower (Helianthus
annuus L.) Seeds as affected by priming. Seed Sci Res. 10: 35-42.
Banks, L. W. 2004. Effect of timing of foliar zinc fertilizer on yield component of soybeans. Aust. J. Exp.
Agric. Anim. Husbandry. 22(116): 226-231.
Berglund, D. R. 1999. Soybean production field guide for North Dakota and Northwestern Minnesota.
Published in cooperative and with support from the North Dakota Soybean council.136.
Braccini, A.L.E., M. S. Reis, M. A. Moreira, C. S. Sediyama, and C.A. Scapim, 2000. Biochemical changes
associated to soybean seeds osmoconditioning during storage. Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras. 35(2): 433-447.
Bybordi, A. and M. J. Malakouti, 2007. Effects of zinc fertilizer on the yield and quality of two wintervarieties
of canola. Zinc crops; Int. Congr. of Improving Crop Prod. and Human Health, 24– 26 May, Istanbul, Turkey.
Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi, E., M. Yarnia, M.B. Khorshidi, and V. Ahmadzadeh, 2009. Effect of
micronutrients and their application method on yield, crop growth rate and net assimilation rate of corn cv. Jeta.
J Food Agric Environ. 2: 611-615.
Gonzalez-Guerrero, M., C. Azcon-Aguilar, M. Mooney, A. Valderas, C.W. MacDiarmid, D.J. Eide, N.
Ferrol, 2005. Characterization of a Glomus intraradices gene encoding a putative Zn transporter of the action
diffusion facilitator family. Fungal Genet. Biol. 42: 130-140.
Haghparast Tanha, M.R. 1992. Plants metabolism and nutrition. Madreseh Press. Islamic Azad University.
Rasht Branch. P527.
Hussain, M., M. Farooq, S. M. A. Basra, and N. Ahmad, 2006. Influence of seed priming techniques on the
seedling establishment, yield and quality of hybrid sunflower. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 1: 14–18.
Leilah, A.A., M.A. Badawi, E.L. Moursy, and A.N. Attia, 1990. Response of soybean plants to foliar
application of zinc different levels of nitrogen. J. Agric. Sci. 13:556-563.
Lin, D., and B. Xing, 2008. Root uptake and Phytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles. Environ. Sci. Technol.
42:5580–5585.
Malekouti, M. J., and M.M. Tahrlani, 1998. The role of microelements in increasing of yield and improve of
agriculture products quality. Micro Elements with Macro Effects. University of Tarbiat Modarres Press.
No.43.Tehran.Iran.
Manarifard, M., and A. Sepehri, 2012. Effect of seed priming and foliar application of zinc on yield and yield
component of two wheat cultivars of autumn. Agriculture science and sustainable product. 4:151-165. 
 
Prasad, T.N.V.K.V., P. Sudhakar, Y. Sreenivasulu, P. Latha, V. Munaswamy, K. Raja Reddy, T.S.
Sreeprasad, P.R. Sajanlal, and T. Pradeep, 2012. Effect of Nanoscale zinc oxide particles on the germination,
growth and yield of peanut. J Plant Nutr.35: 905-927.
Rahchamadi, H., M.A. Aboutalebian, G. Ahmadvand, and A. Jahedi, 2010. Effects seed priming in field and
sowing date on yield and yield component of three soybean in Hamedan. J. Technol. Plant Prod. 2: 17-28.
Rengel, Z. 2001. Genotypic differences in micronutrient use efficiency in crops. Comm Soil Sci. Plant Anal.32:
1163–1186.
Salehi, M., and F. Tamaskoni, 2008. Effects of Nanoparticle in seed treatment on germination and seedling
growth of wheat under salinity stress. Abstract. The first Iranian Natl. Congr of Seed Technol. and Sci.
University of agriculture sciences and Natural recourses. 13-14 November.
Shailesh, K. D., P. Mahajan , and R. Kamble, 2013. Effect of nanoparticles suspension on the growth of
mango (Vigna radiata) seedlings by foliar spray method. Nanotechnology development. 1: 1-4.
Singh, V. 2005. Annual Report Of Ad Hoc Project On “To Study the Usefulness of Petal from Indian Cultivars
of Safflower for Developing Value Added Products of Edible Nature.” Paper presented at Group Monitoring
Workshop on DST, New Delhi, February 3-5:7-11.
Singhal, N. C. 2009. Seed Science and Technology. Kalyani Publishers.
Taylor, A. G., P. S. Allen, M. A. Bennett, K. J. Bardford, J. S. Burris and M. K. Misra. 1998. Seed
Enhancement. Seed Sci. Res. 8: 245-256.
Wurth, B. 2007. Emissions of engineered and unintentionally produced nanoparticles to the soil. Diploma
thesis. ETH Zurich Department of Environmental Sciences. Switzerland.
Vitosh, M. L., D. D. Warncke, and R. E. Lucase, 1994. Zinc determine of crop and soil science. Michigan
State University Extension. 136: 191- 198.
Zeinali, E, 1999. Safflower, characteristics, productions and utilization. Gorgan University of Agriculture
science and natural resource Press.