Effect of temperature on germination and mobilization of protein reserves of three bread wheat cultivars

Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

In order to investigate the effect of temperature on the mobilization of protein reserves of wheat cultivars and seedling traits a factorial experiment conducted based on a completely randomized design at seed technology laboratory of  the Faculty of Agricultural sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili with three replications. Treatments were three germination temperatures including 10, 20 and 30 ◦C and three wheat cultivars (Sardari, Finikan and MV17). Studied traits included germination percentage and rate, seedling dry weight, protease activity and protein content, respiration index and distribution of dry matter to seedling parts. Results showed that the highest germination percentage, rate and mean of germination time were related to 20 ◦C in all cultivars. The highest protein contentin in seed residual (8.7%) was observed in Sardari cultivar at 10 ◦C,but the lowest activity of protease (4.63 unit mg-1) was related to Finikan at this temperature. The highest amount of seed material lost as respiration (20.21) attained in MV17 cultivar at 30◦C. The highest seed reserves mobilization efficiency was related to Finikan and MV17 (1.23 and 1.2 respectively) at 20◦C. Seed dry matter distribution to radicle and plumule was different in cultivars and temperatures and the highest distribution to radicle (6.27%) and plumule (15.84%) were related to MV17 and Finikan cultivars, respectively at 20 ◦C. Seed protein reserves remobilization efficiency was the same in all cultivars at 20 ◦C, but MV17 at 10 ◦C and Finikan at 30 ◦C had the highest efficiency. In conclusion, higher germination percentage of MV17 at 20 ◦C can be related to the higher activity of protease

Keywords

References

Akram Ghaderi, F., A.Soltani and H.R. Sadeghipour, 2008. Effect of temperature and water potential on
germination of medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo. convar. pepo var. styriaca), black cumin (Nigella sativa
L.) and borago (Borago officinalis L.). J. Agric. Sci. Natur. Resour. 15(5): 157-170.
Anonymous, 2014. A guide to kjeldahl nitrogen determination methods and apparatus. LABCONCO. Texas.
USA. Accessed online at www.ExpotechUSA.com.
Baskin, C.C., and J.M. Baskin, 2001. Seeds: ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy
andgermination. Academic Press, San Diego, California, p 666.
Blum, A. and B.Sinmena, 1994. Wheat seed endosperm utilization under heat stress and its relation to
thermotolerance in the autotrophic plant.Field Crops Res. 37:185–191.
Bradford, K.J. 2002. Application of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and
dormancy. Weed Sci. 50: 248-260.
Eessmine, J., S.Ammar,and S.Bouzid, 2010. Impact of heat stress on germination and growthin higher
plants: physilogical, Biochemical and Molecular Repercussions and Mechanism of Defence.J. Biol.Sci.
10(6):565-572.
Ellis, R.A. and E.H. Roberts, 1981. The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed Sci.
Technol. 9: 373-409.
Foley, M.E. and S.A. Fennimore, 1998. Genetic basis for seed dormancy. Seed Sci. Res. 8: 173-179.
Hasan, M. A., J. U., Ahmed, M. M.Hossain, and M.A. Ullah, 2004. Germination characters and
seed reserve mobilization during germination of different wheat genotypes under variable
temperature regimes. J.Natan.Sci.Foundation Srilanka. 32:97-107.
Holwerda, B.C. and J.C. Rogers, 1992. Purification and characterizationofaleurain. Plant Physiol.99:848-
855.
Kamaha, C. and J.D. Maguire, 1992. Effect of temperature on germination of six winter wheatcultivars.
Seed Sci. Technol. 20: 181-185.
Kebreab, E. and A.J. Murdoch, 2000. The effect of water stress on the temperature range forgermination of
Orobanch esaegyptiaca seeds. Seed Sci. Res. 10: 127-133.
Kumar Shaha, R., N.K., Sana, N., Roy, K.K.Biswas, and A.Mamun, 2002. Partial purification and
characterization of protease from germinating wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.). Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 5(3):317-
320.
Meyer, S.E. and R.L. Pendleton, 2000. Genetic regulation of seed dormancy in Purshiatridentata
(Rosaceae). Ann. Bot. 85: 521-529.
Michalcová, E., E., Potocká, D.Chmelová, and M.Ondrejovič, 2012. Study of wheat protein degradation
during germination.J Microbiol. Biotech. Food Sci. 1(6):1439-1447.
Qiu, J., Y., Bai, B.Coulman, and J.T. Romo, 2006. Using thermal time modelsto predict seedling
emergence of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) underalternating temperature regimes. Seed Sci. Res. 16:
261-271.
Soltani, A., S., Galeshi, E.Zeinali, and N. Latifi, 2002. Germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling
growth of chickpea as affected by salinity and seed size. Seed Sci. Technol. 30: 51-60.
Soltani, A., M.Gholipoor, and E.Zeinali, 2006. Seed reserve utilization and seedling growth ofwheat as
affected by drought and salinity. Env. Exp. Bot. 55:195-200. 15.
Tavakkol Afshari, R., A. Abbasi Suraki, and A. Ghasemi, 2008. Seed technology and its biological basis.
University of Tehran Press.
Thygerson, T., J.M., Harris, B.N., Smith, L.D., Hansen, R.L. Pendleton, and D.T. Booth, 2002.
Metabolic response to temperature for six populations ofwinterfat (Eurotia lanata). Thermochimica Acta.
394: 211-217.
Windauer, L., A.Altuna, and R. Benech-Arnold, 2007.Hydrotime analysis of Lesqueralla fendleri seed
germination response to priming treatments.Indust. Crops Products. 25: 70-74.
Zeinali, E., A., Soltani, S.Galeshi, and S.J. Sadati, 2010. Cardinal temperatures, response to temperature
and range of thermal tolerance for seed germination in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Electronic J.
Crop Production. 3 (3): 23-42.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics