Abbasmanesh, G.A., Movahedi Naeini, A., Soltani, M. and Bahraini T. 2008. Effect of planting
management on seeds vigor from native plant. The first national conference of seed science and technology,
Gorgan, Iran.
Abdul-baki, A.A. and Anderson, J.D., 1970. Viability and leaching of sugars from germinating barely.
Crop Sci., 10: 31-34.
Agrawal, R.L., 2004. Seed technology. Oxford and IBH publishing Co. LTD. New Dehli, 350 p.
Alizade, A. and Alizade, A. 2007. Mycorrhizal effects in different soil moisture on nutrient element uptake
in corn. Research in agriculture. 3(1): 101-108.
Anderson, B., and Bengts. 1989. The influence of row spacing, seed rate and sowing time on over wintering
and yield in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Can.J.Plant.Sci.69:43-51.
Bachman, G.R., Metzger, J.R., 2008. Growth of bedding plants in commercial potting substrate amended
with vermicompost. Bioresource. Technol. 99, 3155-3161.
Ellis RA and Roberts EH, 1981. The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed
Science and Technology 9: 373-409.
Emam, Y., and Nicknejad, M. 1995. Introduction to Crop Physiology (translation). Shiraz University Press.
572 Pp. (In Persian).
Emami, A., 1996. Methods of plant analysis (Volume I). Publication No. 982. Soil and Water Research
Institute, 128 pages.
Foulkes, M. J., Sylvester-Bradley, R., and Scott, R. K. 1998. Evidence for differences between winter
wheat cultivars in acquisition of soil mineral nitrogen and uptake and utilization of applied fertilizer nitrogen.
Journal of Agriculture Science Cambridge 130: 29-44.
Gholami, A., Shahsavani, S., and Nezarat, S. 2009.The Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria
(PGPR) on germination, seedling growth and yield of maize. Proceedings of Word Academy of Science.
Engineering and Technology 37: 2070-3740.
Glick, B.R. 1998. A model for the lowering of plant ethylene concentration by PGPR. Journal of Theorical
and Biology 190: 63-68.
ISTA, 2013. Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland.
Kim, N. I., and Paulsen, G. M. 1986. Response of yield attributes of isogenic tall, semi dwarf, and double
dwarf winter wheats to nitrogen fertilizer and seeding rates. Crop Science 156(3):197-205.
Kloepper, J. W., Zablotowicz, R. M., Tipping, E. M., and Lifshitz, R. 1991. Plant Growth Promoting
Mediated by Bacterial Rhizosphere Colonizers. In: The Rhizosphere and Plant Growth, Keister, D.L., and
Cregan, P. B. eds. Pp: 315-326. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands.
Kochaki, E. and Sarmadnia, Gh. 2000. Physiology of crop plants (translated). Mashhad Jahad Daneshgahi
Press. PP. 400.
Lioyd, A., Webb, J., Archer, J. R., and Bradly, R. S. 1997. Urea as a nitrogen fertilizer for cereals. Journal
of Agronomy Science 128: 263-271.
Lopez Castaneda, C., Richards, R.A., and Farquhar, D.G. 1995. Variation in early vigour between wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Crop Sci.35:472-479.
Lopez Castaneda, C., Richards, R.A., Farquhar, D.G., and Williamson, R.E. 1996. Seed and seedling
characteristics contributing to variation in early vigour among temperate cereals. Crop Sci. 36:1257-1266.
Mohanty, S., N. K. Paikaray. and A. R. Rajan. 2006. Availability and uptake of phosphorus from organic
manures in groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) –Corn (Zea mays L.) sequence using radio tracer technique.
Geoderma, 133(3-4): 225-230.
Pollock, B. M. and E. E. Ross. 1972. Seed and seedling vigour. Kozlowski, T. T. (Eds.). Seed biology,
Academic Press.
Salami, M., Safar Nejad, A. and Hamidi, H. 2004. Effect of salinity stress on morphological characters of
Cuminum cyminum and Valeriana officinalis. 2006, Salami, M.R., A. Safarnejad and H. Hamidi, Pajouhesh
& Sazandegi, 72:77-83.
Salantur, A., Ozturk, A., and Akten, S. 2006. Growth and yield response of spring wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) to inoculation with rhizobacteria. Plant Soil and Environment 52 (3): 111–118.
Salar, M. Mobasser H. R. and Ghanbari-Malidarreh, A. 2013. Effects of nitrogen and potassium rates of
mother plant on seed N and K content, germination and seedling growth of rice seeds. Advances in
Environmental Biology, 7(1): 147-151.
Salehi, A., Ghalavand, A., Sefidkon, F. and Asgharzade, A. 2011. The effect of zeolite, PGPR and
vermicompost application on N, P, K concentration, essential oil content and yield in organic cultivation of
German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants,
27(2):188-201.
Sarmadnia, Gh. 1996. Seed technology. 2nd Ed., Mashad Jahad-e Daneshghahi Press, Mashad, Iran
Sawan, Z. M., M. S. Maddah El Din and B. R. Gregg. 1989. Effect of nitrogen fertilization and foliar
application of calcium and micro-elements on cotton seed yield, viability and seedling vigor. Seed Sci.
Technol. 17. 421-431.
Skousen, J., Clinger, C., 1994. Sewage sludge land application program in West Virginia. J. Soil. Water.
Conserv. 48, 145-151.
Spiertz, J.H.J. 1977. The influence of temperature light intensity on grain growth in relation to the
arbohydrate and nitrogen economy of the wheat plant, Neth. J. Agric. Sci., 25:182-197.
Suthar, S. 2009. Vermicomposting of vegetable-market solid waste using Eisenia fetida: Impact of bulking
material on earthworm growth and decomposition rate. Ecol. Eng. 35, 914–920.
Tajbaksh, M. and Ghiasi, M. 2008. Seed ecology. Jahad Daneshgahi Azarbayjan Gharbi.
Yarnia, M., Savjabalaghchi lar Y. and Rahimzadeh Khoiee, F. 2011. Spraying of zinc and manganese in
native plant growth during on germination of bean varieties produced in Khomein. 2nd national onference of
seed science and technology. Mashhad, Iran.
Yazdani Biuki, R., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Koocheki, A., Amiri, Mohammad Behzad., Falahi, J. and
Daihim Fard, R. 2011. Effects of different nitrogen nutrition of wheat (Tritium aestivum L) cv Sayonz on
germination and seedling growth indices under the effects of drought and biofertilizer. Journal of
Agroecology 2(2): 266-276
)