Effects of soil texture and planting depth on germination and survival of Nepeta asterotricha

Esfandyari, M.; Hakimi, M.; Hakimzadeh Ardakani, M.A.

doi:10.22034/ijsst.2017.113255

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Ph.D. Student of Combat Desertification/ Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran.

² Assistant Professor/ Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijsst.2017.113255

Abstract

Germination is the first and the most critical stage of plant growth since the early stages of plant growth, such as germination, seedling growth and establishment play in the evolution of plants important role. In order to evaluate the effects of soil depth and texture on germination and survival of Nepeta asterotricha, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 4 replications was implemented in the Yazd University. The germination of seeds in three different soil textures: light, medium and heavy with three different depths (0.5, 1 and 1.5 cm) were studied. The results showed that the time required to achieve 90% of its maximum germination affected by soil texture significantly) P≤0.05). Soil texture also affected other characteristics (P≤0.01). Depth of planting affected the germination percentage, speed germination, seed vigor, and the time required to achieve 50% of its maximum seed germination (P≤0.01). Among the three studied soil textures, sand texture had the highest germination percentage (67.8 %) and the lowest germination percentage observed in silty clay texture (32.2 %). In addition, check out the various features germination in the three-studied depth showed that at a depth of 0.5 cm all germination parameters had the best results. However, at a depth of 1.5 cm parameters had not significant differences. The highest germination percentage related to sand texture and a depth of 0.5 cm (97 %) and the lowest germination percentage related to 1.5 cm deep and silty clay soil texture (23 %).

Keywords

References

Agrwal, R.L. 2003. Seed technology. Pub. CO. PVT. LTD. New Delhi, (INDIA).

Asgari, M., M. Nasiri, A. Ashrafe Jafari and L. Flah Hoseini, 2015. Investigation of Chilling Effects on Characteristics of Seed Germination, Vigor and Seedling Growth of Nepeta spp Species. J. Rangeland Sci. 4: 313 - 324.

Asghari Meydani, J., and A. Karimi, 2013. Effects of planting depth on yield (Vicia spp.) In dry conditions in Maragheh. (In Persian, with English Abstract.) Field Crops Res 11(3): 430 – 436.

Baker, CJ. 2006. Drilling into dry soil. PP. 74-84. in: Eds. Baker, C.J., K.E. Saxton, W.R. Ritchie, W.C.T. Chamen, D.C. Reicosky, M.F.S. Ribeiro, S.E. Justice, and P.R. Hobbs. No-tillage seeding in conservation agriculture.F.A.O. and CAB International. Rome.

Bliss, D., and H. Smith, 1985. Penetration of light into soil and its role in the control of seedgermination. Plant Cell Environ. 8: 475–483.

Bayat, M., A. Rahmani, R. Amirnia, and M. Ramazani, 2015. The effect of pre-treatment and duration of treatment on seedling characteristics and indicators of buds Stamping Althaea Officinalis L. Plant. (In Persian, with English Abstract.) Iranian J. Seed Schi Technol.4(1): 73 - 82.

Changaei, N., kh. Azizi, M. Amini, M. Yaghobi Khanghahi, and R. Raham, 2013.Effect of planting bed depth, soil texture and seed source on hardness breaking of alfalfa seed (Medicago scutellata cv Robinson). (In Persian, with English Abstract.) J. Agron. 1 (2): 178 - 185.

Dinesh, S. B., P. C. Rajendra, L. Singh, V. Pande, P. Lal, and C. S. Mathela, 2010. Constituents and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of six Himalayan Nepeta species. J. Serb Chem. Sci. 75: 739-747.

Evans, W. C. 1996. Trease and Evans pharmacogonosy. London: W. B. Saunders Company.

Fallah Iri Sofla, S. and E. Ezzatzadeh, 2013. Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Nepeta asterotricha Rechfrom Iran. J. Sci. Road. 6(1): 24 - 28.

Gulshan, A.b., and A.A. Dasti, 2012. Role of soil texture and depths on the emergence of buried weed seeds. ARPN. Agric. Biol. Chem. 7: 223 - 228.

Hadas, A. 2004. Seedbed preparation. PP. 33 – 44. in: Eds. Benech, R.L. Arnold, R. and A. Sanchez. The soil physical environment of germinating seeds. In Handbook of seed physiology: applications to agriculture.

Hartmann, H.T., E. Dale, T. Kester Fred, J. Davies, and R.L. Geneve, 2007. Plant Propagation: Principles and Practices: New Delhi, (INDIA).

Jamzad, Z. 2009. Notes on the genus Nepeta L. (Lamiaceae-Nepetoideae). (In Persian, with English Abstract.) Iranian. J. Bot. 15(2): 141–145.

Khan, M.A. and I.A. Ungar, 1997. Effect of light, salinity and thermo period on the seed germination of halophytes. Can. J. Bot. 75(5): 835-841.

Khanavi, M., A.R. Fallah, H. Vatandoost, M. Sedaghat, M. R. Abai and A. Hadjiakhoondi, 2012. Larvicidal activity of essential oil and methanol extract of Nepeta menthoides against malaria vector Anopheles stephensi. Trop. Medic. 12(5): 962-965.

Landis, T.D., R.W. Tinus, S.E. McDonald, and J.P. Barnet. 1993. Containers and growing media: The container tree nursery manual. volume 2. J. Agric. Handb, U.S. Gov. Print. Office, Washington, DC

Marshall, C. and J. Grace. 2008. Fruit and seed production: Aspects of development, environment, physiology and ecology: Society for Experimental Biology Conserv. Soc.

Micelia, N., N. F. Taviano, D. Giuffrida, A. Trovato, O. Tzakou, and E.M. Galati, 2005. Anti-inflammatory activity of extract and fractions from Nepeta sibthorpii Bentham. J. Entomol. 97: 261-266.

Mohajeri, M. R., A. Ghamari Zare, M.A. Naderi Shahab and S. Kalateh Jari, 2014. Seed Germination of Lilium ledebourii (Baker) Boiss. After Cryopreservation. J. Rangeland Sci. 4(4): 279 - 286.

Mozaffarian, V. (ed.) 2006. A dictionary of Iranian plant. names:4th ed. English - Persian. 4^th Ed. Farhang Moaser. Tehran.

Ofelia, A .V. R., S.S. Odilon, and P.V. Arturo, 2013. Effects of soil texture on germination and survival of non-toxic Jatropha curcas seeds. J. Bio. bioeng. 48: 167-170.

Okello, B.D., and T.P. Young, 2000. Effects of fire, bruchid beetles and soil type on the germination and seedling establishment of Acacia drepanolobium. Range For. Sci. press, Aafrica

Onemli, F. 2004. The effects of soil organic matter on seedling emergence in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). J. Plant Soil En. 50(11): 494-499.

Oziegbe, M., J.O. Faluyi, and A. Oluwaranti, 2010. Effect of seed age and soil texture on the germination of some Ludwigiaspecies )Onagraceae( in Nigeria. Acta Bot. 69(2): 49-257.

Page, A. L. 1983. Methods of soil analysis. Part 2: Chemical and microbiological properties (Agron.) 2th ed. Am. Soc. Agro.

Pahla, I., T. Muziri, S. Chinyise, and J. Muzemu, 2014. Effects of Soil Type and Different Pre-sowing Treatments on Seedling Emergence and Vigour of Acacia sieberana. J. Plant Res. 4: 51-55.‏

Parmoon, g.h., A. Abadi, and M. Asadi Aghbalaghi, 2015. Effects of salinity on seed germination and seedling growth characteristics Silybum marianum and Echinops candidus plants. (In Persian, with English Abstract.) Iranian J. Seed Schi Technol. 4 (1): 39 - 52.

Scott, S. J., R.A. Jones, and W. A. Williams, 1984. Review of data analysis method for seed germination. J. Crop Sci. 24: 1192-1199.

Soltani, M., and V. Maddah. 2010. Applied Programs for education and research in Agronomy. Publications Association of ecological agriculture in Iran.

Tester, M., and C. Morris. 1987. The penetration of light through soil. Plant Cell Environ. 10: 281–286.

Throneberry, G.O., and F.G. Smith. 1955. Relation of respiratory enzymatic activity to corn seed viability. Plant Physiol. 30: 337-343.

Vashisth, A., and S. Nagarajan. 2010. Effect on germination and early growth characteristics in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seeds exposed to static magnetic field. Plant Physiol. 167: 149-156.

Walkley, A.C.A., and Black. 1934. An examination of wet digestion method for determining soil organic matter and proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37: 29-38.

Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology

Effects of soil texture and planting depth on germination and survival of Nepeta asterotricha

References

References

Volume 6, Issue 1 - Serial Number 11
June 2017
Pages 1-10

Effects of soil texture and planting depth on germination and survival of Nepeta asterotricha

References

References

Volume 6, Issue 1 - Serial Number 11June 2017Pages 1-10

Volume 6, Issue 1 - Serial Number 11
June 2017
Pages 1-10