Cardinal temperatures for seed germination of six ecotypes of Plantago major

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student of Crop Physiology/ Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, International Campus, Mashhad, Iran.

2 Professor/ Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Associate Professor/ Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

4 Associate Professor/ Department of Agronomy, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Harvesting of medicinal plants from their natural habitats, put them in danger, hence their domestication is needed. In this context, knowledge of the properties of these plants, including the cardinal germination temperatures are necessary. In order to determine the cardinal temperatures and the effect of temperature on the percentage and rate of germination in Plantago major ecotypes (Birjand, Ghaen, Torbathydarieh, Mashhad, Kalat and Bojnord) an experiment was conducted based on factorial in a completely randomized design with 9 temperature levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 °C) and four replications in Crop Physiology Laboratory, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2013. To determine the cardinal temperatures Intersected-Lines Model and Five-Parameters Beta Model were used. Results showed that maximum germination percentage was obtained at 30 °C while maximum germination speed achieved at 35 °C in Bojnourd and Birjand ecotypes, respectively. The highest germination percentage was observed in Birjand ecotype at the temperature range of 20 to 35 °C. Based on models fitted depending on the ecotype, cardinal temperatures  (minimum, optimum and maximum) germination were determined (6.3 to 9.8, 1.8 to 5°C) ,(31.1 to 35.9, 28.6 to 35.2°C) and (43.3 to 45.1, 45 to 45.6 °C) of Intersected-lines and Five-Parameters Beta Model, respectively. Diversity in cardinal temperature of plantago major ecotypes could be due to different environmental conditions where they were evolved and adapted

Keywords

References

Adam, N. R., D. A. Dierig, T. A. Coffelt, M. J. Wintermeyer, B. E. Mackey, and G. W. Wall. 2007. Cardinal temperatures for germination and early growth of two Lesquerella species. Indian Crops and Products. 25: 24-33.
Akram Ghaderi F., A. Soltani, and H. R. Sadeghipour. 2008. Cardinal temperatures of germination in medicinal Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo convar. Pepo var. styriaca), Borago (Borago officinalis L.) and Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). As. J. Plant Sci. 7 (6): 574-578.
Andersson., L., and P. Milberg. 1998. Variation in seed dormancy among mother plants, populations and years of seed collection. Seed Sci Res. (8): 29-38.
Azimi, R., M. Khajeh-Hosseinim, and F. Falahpor. 2014. Evaluation of seed germination features of Bromus kopetdaghensis Drobov under different temperature. J. of Range and Watershed Management. 67 (2): 253-261. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Balashahri, M., R. Farhadi, R. Mehdizade Dehostai, I. Ghadiri, and M. Rahimi. 2013. Evaluation of cardinal temperatures and germination response to temperature in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Medicinal plant. J. Am. Sci. 9 (1): 56-60.
Cavieres, L.A., and M. T. K. Arroyo. 2000. Seed germination response to cold stratification period and thermal regime in Phacelia secunda (Hydrophyllaceae). Plant Ecol. 149: 1-8.
Fernandez-Pascual E., B. Jimenez-Alfaro., T. E. Diaz-Gonzalez, and F. Perez-Garcia. 2010. Relationship between climate and seed germination at a local scale in a narrow endemic species. 3rd Proceedings of the Seed Ecology Conference, June 2010, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Ghaderi-Far F., J. Gherekhloo, and M. Alimagham. 2010. Influence of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of Yellow Sweet Clover (Melilotus officinalis). Planta Daninha, Vicosa-Minas Gerais. 28 (3): 463-469.
Ghaderi-Far F., S. M. Alimagham, A. M. Kameli, and M. Jamali 2012. Isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk) seed germination and emergence as affected by environmental factors and planting depth. Int. J. Plant Prod. 6 (2): 185-194.
Hampton, J. G., B. Boelt., M. P. Rolston, and T. G. Chastain. 2013. Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on seed quality. J. Agric. Sci. 151: 154-162.
Jami Al-Ahmadi, M. and M. Kafi. 2007. Cardinal temperatures for germination of Kochia scoparia (L.). J. Arid Environ. 68: 308-314.
Khakshoor-Moghadam, Z., M. Lahouti, and A. Ganjeali. 2011. Effects of drought Stress Induced by Polyethylene Glycol on Germination and Morphophysiological Characteristics of Dill (Anethum graveolens L.). J. Hortic. Sci. 25 (2): 185-193. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Khazaie, H. R., M. Sabet Teimouri, and F. Najafi. 2007. Investigation on yield and quality of Isabgol (Plantago oveta L.) under different irrigation regimes and seeding rates. Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 5 (1): 77-84. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Koocheki A., L. Tabrizi, and M. Nassiri Mahallati. 2007. The effects of irrigation intervals and manure on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Plantago ovata and Plantago psyllium. As. J. Plant Sci. 6 (8): 1229-1234.
Lashkari, A., P. Rezvani Moghaddam, and A. Amin Ghafori. 2014. Estimation of cardinal cemperatures of (Echium amoenum) with application of regression models. Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 12 (2): 164-169.
Mousavi Nik, M. 2012. Effect of drought stress sulphur fertilizer on quantity and quality yield of Psyllium (Plantago ovata L.) in Baluchestan. J. Agron. 4 (2): 170-182. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Naghedinia, N., and P. Rezvani-Moghaddam. 2009. Investigations on the cardinal temperatures for germination of Crambe kotschyana. Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 7 (2): 451- 456. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Najafi, F., and P. Rezvani-Moghaddam. 2003. Determination the base temperature and study germination response of Isabgol (Plantago ovate) to different temperatures. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi. 60: 53-55. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Pouryousef, M., D. Mazaheri, M. R. Chaiechi, and A. Rahimi. 2012. Effect of different soil fertilizing treatments (chemical, organic and integrated) on yield, yield components and seed mineral nutrients content of Isabgol (Plantago oveta Forsk). Agron. J. 93: 8-18. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Rahimi, Z., and M. Kafi. 2010. Estimating cardinal temperatures and effect of different levels of temperature on germination indices of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). J. Plant Protection. 24 (1): 80-86. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Saeidnejad, A. M., M. Kafi, and M. Pessarakli. 2012. Evaluation of cardinal temperatures and germination responses of four ecotypes of Bunium persicum under different thermal conditions. Int. J. Agric. and Crop Sci. 4 (17): 1266-1271.
Sohrabi, S., J. Cherekhloo, M. H. Rashed Mohassel, A. Ghanbari, and M. Nassiri Mahalati. 2011. Cardinal temperatures of three invasive weeds in Iran. 3rd International Symposium on Weeds and Invasive Plants, 2-7 October 2011. Ascona, Switzerland.
Sousa M. P., L. F. Braga, J. F. Braga, and M. E. Aparecida Delachiave 2008. Germination of Plantago ovate Forsk. (Plantaginaceae) seeds: temperature and photoblastism. Revista arvore, Vicosa-Minas Gerais. 32 (1): 51-57.
Tabrizi, L., A. Koocheki, M. Nassiri Mahallati, and P. Rezvani-Moghaddam. 2007. Germination behavior of cultivated and natural stand seeds of Khorasan thyme (Thymus transcaspicus Klokov) with application of regression models. Iranian J. of Field Crops Res. 5 (2): 249-257. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Tolyat, M. A., R. Tavakkol Afshari, M. R. Jahansoz, F. Nadjafi, and H. A. Naghdibadi. 2014. Determination of cardinal germination temperatures of two ecotypes of Thymus daenensis subsp. Daenensis. Seed Sci. Technol. 42: 28-35.
Zarinkamar, F., and A. Marzban. 2010. Effects of altitude on anatomy of Plantago major and Plantago lanceolata. Iranian Soc. of Biology. 23 (4): 532-540. (In Persian with English Abstract.)
Zubair M. 2012. Genetic variation, biochemical contents and wound healing activity of Plantago major. Ph.D Thesis, Faculty of Landscape Planning, Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Balsgard, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics