Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Shahid Chamran Uivercity
2 shahid chamran univercity
Abstract
One of factors in successful seed hydropriming technique is seed imbibition duration. To evaluate hydroprimed seed vigor of three wheat cultivars as affected by seed imbibition durations and also evaluation biochemical changes during hydropriming, two experiments was done as factorial arrangement with completely randomized design. In first experiment, effect of 7 hydropriming durations (0 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 and 16 h ) was research on germination and seedling growth of Star, Chamran and Fong cultivars. In second experiment, some biochemical traits and enzyme activities was measured in primed seeds for 6 , 8 and 10 h hydropriming durations. Results of first experiment showed that hydropriming with 8 h imbibition has the most positive effect on seed vigor of wheat cultivars. Among of cultivars, Star has the higher root length and root weight. Star and Chamran cultivars have no significant difference for germination rate and the lowest of this trait was observed in fong cultivar. Results of second experiment showed that longer hydropriming duration caused greater α amylase enzyme activity and higher contents of soluble carbohydrates and proteins, also increase content of malondialdehyde and insufficient antioxidant enzyme activities in 10 h than 8 h hydropriming duration was observed. Among cultivars the highest and lowest α amylase enzyme activity and soluble carbohydrates and proteins was observed in Star and Fong cultivars respectively. In this research correlation antioxidant enzyme activities with germination and seedling growth was positive and significant.
Keywords
Aebi, H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymol. 105:121–126.
Asada, K.1994. Production and action of active oxygen species in photosynthetic tissues. In: C. Foyer, and P.M. Mullineaux. (eds). Causes of photooxidative stress and amelioration of defense systems in plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, pp. 77–100.
Bailly, C. 2004. Active oxygen species and antioxidants in seed biology. Seed Sci. Res. 14:93–107.
Bailly, C., A. Benamar, F. Corbineau, and D. Côme. 1998. Free radical scavenging as affected by accelerated ageing and subsequent priming in sunflower seeds. Physiol. Plant. 104:646-652.
Bailly, C., A. Benamar, F. Corbineau, and D. Côme. 2000. Antioxidant systems in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds as affected by priming. Seed Sci. Res. 10:35–42.
Beauchamp, C.O., and I. Fridovich. 1971. Superoxide dismutase: Improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Anal. Biochem. 44:276–287.
Borsani, O., P. Diaz, M.F. Agius, V. Valpuesta, and J. Monza. 2001. Water stress generates anoxidative stress through the induction of a specific Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in Lotus corniculatus leaves. Plant Sci. 161:757–763.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Ann. Biochem. 72: 248-254.
Chance, B., and A.C. Maehly. 1955. Assay of catalases and peroxidase. Methods Enzymol. 2:764–775.
Chen, K., and R. Arora. 2011. Dynamics of the antioxidant system during seed osmopriming, post-priming germination, and seedling establishment in spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Plant Sci. 180:212–220.
Chiu, K.Y., C.L. Chen, and J.M. Sung. 2002. Effects of priming temperature on storability of primed sh-2 sweet corn seed. Crop Sci. 42:1996-2003.
Chiu, K.Y., C.L. Chen, and J.M. Sung. 2003. Partial vacuum storage improves the longevity of primed sh-2 sweet corn seeds. Sci. Hortic. (Amsterdam) 98:99–111.
Chiu, K.Y., S.J. Chuang, and J.M. Sung. 2006. Both anti-oxidation and lipid-carbohydrate conversion enhancements are involved in priming-improved emergence of Echinacea purpurea seeds that differ in size. Sci. Hortic. (Amsterdam) 108:220–226.
Cordova-Tellez, L. and J.S. Burris. 2002. Alignment of lipid bodies along the plasma membrane during the acquisition of desiccation tolerance in maize seed. Crop Sci. 42:1982–1988.
Del Rio, L.A., L.M. Sandalio, F.J. Corpas, J.M. Palma, and J.B. Barroso. 2006. Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in peroxisomes. production, scavenging, and role in cell signaling. Plant Physiol. 141, 330–335.
Dezfuli, P.M., F. Sharif-zadeh, and M. Janmohammadi. 2008. Influence of priming techniques on seed germination behavior of maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.). ARPN. J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 3:22–25.
Dubios, M., K.A. Gills, J.K. Hamilton, P.A. Rebers, and F. Smith. 1956. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem. 28(3): 350-356.
El-Araby, M.M. and A.Z. Hegazi. 2004. Responses of tomato seeds to hydro- and osmo-priming, and possible relations of some antioxidant enzymes and endogenous polyamine fractions. Egypt. J. Biol. 6:81–93.
De Tullio, M.C. and O. Arrigoni. 2003. The ascorbic acid system in seeds: to protect and to serve. Seed Sci. Res. 13:249-260.
Gallardo, K., C. Job, S.P.C. Groot, M. Puype, H. Demol, J. Vandekerckhove. and D. Job. 2001. Proteomic analysis of Arabidopsis seed germination and priming. Plant Physiol. 126:835-848.
Garnczarska, M. and L. Wojtyla. 2008. Ascorbate and glutathione metabolism in embryo axes and cotyledons of germinating lupine seeds. Biol. Plant. 52:681-686.
Giri, G.S. and W.F. Schillinger. 2003. Seed priming winter wheat for germination, emergence and yield. Crop Sci. 43: 2135–2141.
Girolamo, G. Di. and L. Barbanti. 2012. Treatment conditions and biochemical processes influencing seed priming effectiveness. Ital. J. Agron. 7: 178-188.
Guan, Y.J., J. Hu, X.J. Wang, and C.X. Shao. 2009. Seed priming with chitosan improves maize germination and seedling growth in relation to physiological changes under low temperature stress. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B. 10:427–433.
Heath, R. L. and I. Packer. 1968. Photoperoxidant in isolated chloroplast. I. Kinetics and stochiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophysics. 125:189–198.
Hsu, C.C., C.L. Chen, J.J. Chen, and J.M. Sung. 2003. Accelerated aging-enhanced lipid peroxidation in bitter gourd. Sci. Hortic. (Amsterdam) 98:201–212.
Hussain, M., M. Farooq, S.M.A. Basra, and N. Ahmad. 2006. Influence of seed priming techniques on the seedling establishment, yield and quality of hybrid Sunflower. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 8:14–18.
ISTA. 2007. International rules for seed testing, 2007 edition. Int. Seed Testing Assoc., Basserdorf, Switzerland.
Jiang, Y. and B. Huang. 2001. Drought and heat stress injury to two cool-season turf grasses in relation to antioxidant metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Crop Sci. 41: 436–442.
Khan, A.A. 1992. Preplant physiological seed conditioning. Hortic. Rev. (Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.) 14:131–181.
Khanna-Chopra, R. and Selote, D.S. 2007. Acclimation to drought stress generates oxidative stress tolerance in drought-resistant than susceptible wheat cultivar under field conditions. Environ. Exp. Bot. 60: 276–283.
Kibinza, S., J. Bazin, C. Bailly, J.M. Farrant, F. Corbineau, and H. El-Maarouf- Bouteau. 2011. Catalase is a key enzyme in seed recovery from ageing during priming. Plant Sci. 181:309-315.
McDonald, M.B. 1999. Seed deterioration: Physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Sci. Technol. 27: 177–237.
Miller, G.L. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal. Chem. 31:426–428.
Murungu, F.S., C. Chiduza, P. Nyamugafata, L.J. Clark, and W.R. Whalley. 2004. Effect of on-farm seed priming on emergence, growth and yield of cotton and maize in a semiarid area of Zimbabwe. Exp. Agric. 40:23–36.
Nakano, Y. and K. Asada. 1987. Purification of ascorbate peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts: Its inactivation in ascorbate depleted medium and reactivation by monodehydroascorbate radical. Plant Cell Physiol. 28:131–140.
Noctor, G., and C. Foyer. 1998. Ascorbate and glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 249–279.
Posmyk, M.M., F. Corbineau, D. Vinel, C. Bailly, and D. Côme. 2001. Osmoconditioning reduces physiological and biochemical damage induces by chilling in soybean seeds. Physiol. Plant. 111:473-482.
Sheligl, H.Q. 1986. Die verwertung orgngischer souren durch chlorella lincht. Planta J. 47:5-10.
Smith, I.K., T.V. Vierheller, and C.A. Thorne. 1988. Assay of Glutathione reductase in crude tissue homogenates using 5, 5'-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic Acid). Analytical Biochem. 175, 408–413.
Stewart, R.C.R. and D. Bewley. 1980. Lipid peroxidation associted with accelerated aging of soybean Axes. Plant Physiol. 62: 245–248.
Tamagnone, L., A. Merida, N. Stacey, K. Plaskitt, A. Parr, C.F. Chang, D. Lynn, J.M. Dow, K. Roberts, and C. Martin. 1998. Inhibition of phenolic acid metabolism results in precocious cell death and altered cell morphology in leaves of transgenic tobacco plants. Plant Cell. 10:1801–816.
Van Pijlen, J.G., S.P.C. Groot, H.L. Kraak, J.H.W. Bergervoet, and R.J. Bino. 1996. Effects of pre-storage hydration treatments on germination performance, moisture content, DNA synthesisand controlled deterioration tolerance of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum -Mill) seeds. Seed Sci. Res. 6:57–63.
Wattanakulpakin, P., S. Photchanachai, S. Miyagawa, and K.H. Ratanakhanokchai. 2012. Loss of Maize Seed Vigor as Affected by Biochemical Changes during Hydropriming. Crop Sci. 52:2783–2793.
Aebi, H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymol. 105:121–126.
Asada, K.1994. Production and action of active oxygen species in photosynthetic tissues. In: C. Foyer, and P.M. Mullineaux. (eds). Causes of photooxidative stress and amelioration of defense systems in plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, pp. 77–100.
Bailly, C. 2004. Active oxygen species and antioxidants in seed biology. Seed Sci. Res. 14:93–107.
Bailly, C., A. Benamar, F. Corbineau, and D. Côme. 1998. Free radical scavenging as affected by accelerated ageing and subsequent priming in sunflower seeds. Physiol. Plant. 104:646-652.
Bailly, C., A. Benamar, F. Corbineau, and D. Côme. 2000. Antioxidant systems in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds as affected by priming. Seed Sci. Res. 10:35–42.
Beauchamp, C.O., and I. Fridovich. 1971. Superoxide dismutase: Improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Anal. Biochem. 44:276–287.
Borsani, O., P. Diaz, M.F. Agius, V. Valpuesta, and J. Monza. 2001. Water stress generates anoxidative stress through the induction of a specific Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in Lotus corniculatus leaves. Plant Sci. 161:757–763.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Ann. Biochem. 72: 248-254.
Chance, B., and A.C. Maehly. 1955. Assay of catalases and peroxidase. Methods Enzymol. 2:764–775.
Chen, K., and R. Arora. 2011. Dynamics of the antioxidant system during seed osmopriming, post-priming germination, and seedling establishment in spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Plant Sci. 180:212–220.
Chiu, K.Y., C.L. Chen, and J.M. Sung. 2002. Effects of priming temperature on storability of primed sh-2 sweet corn seed. Crop Sci. 42:1996-2003.
Chiu, K.Y., C.L. Chen, and J.M. Sung. 2003. Partial vacuum storage improves the longevity of primed sh-2 sweet corn seeds. Sci. Hortic. (Amsterdam) 98:99–111.
Chiu, K.Y., S.J. Chuang, and J.M. Sung. 2006. Both anti-oxidation and lipid-carbohydrate conversion enhancements are involved in priming-improved emergence of Echinacea purpurea seeds that differ in size. Sci. Hortic. (Amsterdam) 108:220–226.
Cordova-Tellez, L. and J.S. Burris. 2002. Alignment of lipid bodies along the plasma membrane during the acquisition of desiccation tolerance in maize seed. Crop Sci. 42:1982–1988.
Del Rio, L.A., L.M. Sandalio, F.J. Corpas, J.M. Palma, and J.B. Barroso. 2006. Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in peroxisomes. production, scavenging, and role in cell signaling. Plant Physiol. 141, 330–335.
Dezfuli, P.M., F. Sharif-zadeh, and M. Janmohammadi. 2008. Influence of priming techniques on seed germination behavior of maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.). ARPN. J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 3:22–25.
Dubios, M., K.A. Gills, J.K. Hamilton, P.A. Rebers, and F. Smith. 1956. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem. 28(3): 350-356.
El-Araby, M.M. and A.Z. Hegazi. 2004. Responses of tomato seeds to hydro- and osmo-priming, and possible relations of some antioxidant enzymes and endogenous polyamine fractions. Egypt. J. Biol. 6:81–93.
De Tullio, M.C. and O. Arrigoni. 2003. The ascorbic acid system in seeds: to protect and to serve. Seed Sci. Res. 13:249-260.
Gallardo, K., C. Job, S.P.C. Groot, M. Puype, H. Demol, J. Vandekerckhove. and D. Job. 2001. Proteomic analysis of Arabidopsis seed germination and priming. Plant Physiol. 126:835-848.
Garnczarska, M. and L. Wojtyla. 2008. Ascorbate and glutathione metabolism in embryo axes and cotyledons of germinating lupine seeds. Biol. Plant. 52:681-686.
Giri, G.S. and W.F. Schillinger. 2003. Seed priming winter wheat for germination, emergence and yield. Crop Sci. 43: 2135–2141.
Girolamo, G. Di. and L. Barbanti. 2012. Treatment conditions and biochemical processes influencing seed priming effectiveness. Ital. J. Agron. 7: 178-188.
Guan, Y.J., J. Hu, X.J. Wang, and C.X. Shao. 2009. Seed priming with chitosan improves maize germination and seedling growth in relation to physiological changes under low temperature stress. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B. 10:427–433.
Heath, R. L. and I. Packer. 1968. Photoperoxidant in isolated chloroplast. I. Kinetics and stochiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophysics. 125:189–198.
Hsu, C.C., C.L. Chen, J.J. Chen, and J.M. Sung. 2003. Accelerated aging-enhanced lipid peroxidation in bitter gourd. Sci. Hortic. (Amsterdam) 98:201–212.
Hussain, M., M. Farooq, S.M.A. Basra, and N. Ahmad. 2006. Influence of seed priming techniques on the seedling establishment, yield and quality of hybrid Sunflower. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 8:14–18.
ISTA. 2007. International rules for seed testing, 2007 edition. Int. Seed Testing Assoc., Basserdorf, Switzerland.
Jiang, Y. and B. Huang. 2001. Drought and heat stress injury to two cool-season turf grasses in relation to antioxidant metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Crop Sci. 41: 436–442.
Khan, A.A. 1992. Preplant physiological seed conditioning. Hortic. Rev. (Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.) 14:131–181.
Khanna-Chopra, R. and Selote, D.S. 2007. Acclimation to drought stress generates oxidative stress tolerance in drought-resistant than susceptible wheat cultivar under field conditions. Environ. Exp. Bot. 60: 276–283.
Kibinza, S., J. Bazin, C. Bailly, J.M. Farrant, F. Corbineau, and H. El-Maarouf- Bouteau. 2011. Catalase is a key enzyme in seed recovery from ageing during priming. Plant Sci. 181:309-315.
McDonald, M.B. 1999. Seed deterioration: Physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Sci. Technol. 27: 177–237.
Miller, G.L. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal. Chem. 31:426–428.
Murungu, F.S., C. Chiduza, P. Nyamugafata, L.J. Clark, and W.R. Whalley. 2004. Effect of on-farm seed priming on emergence, growth and yield of cotton and maize in a semiarid area of Zimbabwe. Exp. Agric. 40:23–36.
Nakano, Y. and K. Asada. 1987. Purification of ascorbate peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts: Its inactivation in ascorbate depleted medium and reactivation by monodehydroascorbate radical. Plant Cell Physiol. 28:131–140.
Noctor, G., and C. Foyer. 1998. Ascorbate and glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 249–279.
Posmyk, M.M., F. Corbineau, D. Vinel, C. Bailly, and D. Côme. 2001. Osmoconditioning reduces physiological and biochemical damage induces by chilling in soybean seeds. Physiol. Plant. 111:473-482.
Sheligl, H.Q. 1986. Die verwertung orgngischer souren durch chlorella lincht. Planta J. 47:5-10.
Smith, I.K., T.V. Vierheller, and C.A. Thorne. 1988. Assay of Glutathione reductase in crude tissue homogenates using 5, 5'-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic Acid). Analytical Biochem. 175, 408–413.
Stewart, R.C.R. and D. Bewley. 1980. Lipid peroxidation associted with accelerated aging of soybean Axes. Plant Physiol. 62: 245–248.
Tamagnone, L., A. Merida, N. Stacey, K. Plaskitt, A. Parr, C.F. Chang, D. Lynn, J.M. Dow, K. Roberts, and C. Martin. 1998. Inhibition of phenolic acid metabolism results in precocious cell death and altered cell morphology in leaves of transgenic tobacco plants. Plant Cell. 10:1801–816.
Van Pijlen, J.G., S.P.C. Groot, H.L. Kraak, J.H.W. Bergervoet, and R.J. Bino. 1996. Effects of pre-storage hydration treatments on germination performance, moisture content, DNA synthesisand controlled deterioration tolerance of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum -Mill) seeds. Seed Sci. Res. 6:57–63.
Wattanakulpakin, P., S. Photchanachai, S. Miyagawa, and K.H. Ratanakhanokchai. 2012. Loss of Maize Seed Vigor as Affected by Biochemical Changes during Hydropriming. Crop Sci. 52:2783–2793.
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