Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of crop science and plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of mashhad, mashhad, Iran.

2 Department of crop science and plant breeding, Faculty of agriculture, Isamic azad university of mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi university of mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

This research was performed to investigate, identify and naming the weeds of mashhad area, also studying and introducing the seeds of this plant with attention to their morphological characteristics. The onset of this study was started by collecting 205 weed species and mounted on herbarium sheets. In the next phase and at the time of fully maturity of seeds, seed of each species collected and after purification of seeds, pure seeds obtained and were poured in glass vials. In attention to Absence of the prefabricated equipments for protection and displaying seeds we designed and built a case for this purpose. In final stage, considering the importance of seed images in seeds identification and studying the morphological characteristics of seeds, we prepared a set of high quality images from collected seeds. Results of this study could use as a reference for seed identification of weeds in this area and as a source for studying the morphological features of these seeds.

Keywords

Bobrov, A.V.F.C.H., A.P. Melikian, and E.Y.U. Yembaturova. 1999. Seed morphology, anatomy and ultrastructure of phyllocladus L. C. & A. Rich. Ex Mirb. (Phyllocladaceae (Pilg.) Bessey) in connection with the generic system and phylogeny. Ann. Bot. 83:601-618.
Couzens, R., and M. Mortimer. 1995. Dynamics of Weed Populations. 1th ed.: Cambridge University Press, Newyork.
Davis, L.W. 1996. Weed Seeds of the Great Plains: A Handbook for Identification. University Press of Kansas, Kansas.
Delorit, R.J. 1970. Illustrated Taxonomy Manual of Weed Seeds. River Falls Wisconsin, Distributed by Agronomy Publications, Wisconsin.
Ellison, A.M., H.L. Buckley, T.E. Miiler, and N.G. Gotelli. 2004. Morphological variation in Sarracenia purpurea (Sarraceniaceae): Geographic, environmental and taxonomic correlates. J. Bot. 91: 1930-1935.
Fishel, F., and K. Bradley. 2005. Missory Weed Seeds: Plant Protection Programs. MU Extension. University of Missouri-Columbia, Missouri.
Khalid, S., and R. Shad. 1990. Importance and structure and shape in the spread and adaptability of weed seed. Agric. Res. 11:111-132.
Luzuraga A.L., A. Escudero., and F. Perez-Garcia. 2006. Environmental maternal effects on seed morphology and germination in Sinapis arvensis (Crucifera). Weed. Res. 46:163-174.
Leist, N. and A. Jonitz. 2009. Identification of seeds to genus and species level. ISTA purity seminar, 15 June 2009. ISTA, Zurich.