Aliasghar Rezadadi; Alireza Dadkhah; Reza Rezvani
Abstract
Two factorial experiments in different conditions, laboratory and greenhouse, were conducted based on a completely randomized design and randomized complete block design with three replications, respectively, to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of aerial organs of Ephedra major Host. on the ...
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Two factorial experiments in different conditions, laboratory and greenhouse, were conducted based on a completely randomized design and randomized complete block design with three replications, respectively, to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of aerial organs of Ephedra major Host. on the growth traits and germination of Triticum aestivum, Avena fatua and Sinapis arvensis The first factor was plant species including :Triticum aestivum, Avena fatua and Sinapis arvensis and the second factor was aqueous extract of ephedra plant in three levels (zero (control), 10 and 20% of aerial parts (including stem and leaves mixed). The results showed that with increasing extract concentration, the germination, growth traits and total chlorophyll of all investigated plants significantly decreased. The 20% concentration of aqueous extract of ephedra decreased the germination rate in wheat, oat and mustard by 51.8% and 42.8%, 53.2% and 61.5%, 80% and 50.3%, respectively, compared to the control. Also, 20% concentration of ephedra extract had highest inhibition on dry weight of wheat (52%), oat (68.3%) and wild mustard (83.5%) compared to control. The results of experiment showed that oat plants were more sensitive to aqueous extract of Ephedra so that chlorophyll content of oat plants 53% decreased compared to control. In general, weed plants were more sensitive to the allelopathic effects of ephedra than wheat. In fact, it is possible that the germination and growth of the mentioned weeds can be moderated with the cheap and easy application of ephedra aerial part extract.
Samaneh Sadat Seyed Heydarian; Reza Tavakkol Afshari; Ebrahim Izadi Darbandi
Abstract
High salinity and drought are common environmental problems that affect seed germination and plant growth. Identifying cultivars tolerant to drought and salinity stress conditions and using them in agricultural systems is one of the tasks of improving cotton production. For this purpose,3 cotton cultivars ...
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High salinity and drought are common environmental problems that affect seed germination and plant growth. Identifying cultivars tolerant to drought and salinity stress conditions and using them in agricultural systems is one of the tasks of improving cotton production. For this purpose,3 cotton cultivars in the form of a completely randomized design and using factorial testing under non-stressed and stressed conditions Three repetitions were evaluated. In both experiments,3 cotton cultivars(MAY344, BA440, VARAMIN)were used as the first factor, and the second factor was salt stress in the first experiment and drought stress in the second experiment. The levels of salinity stress were 0, 180 60, 120 ds/m using NaCl salt and in the second experiment, the drought stress levels were considered to be 0, 0.4, 0.8 MPa using polyethylene glycol 6000 solution. The studied properties include germination percentage, germination speed, root length, stem length, wet weight of root and stem, and dry weight of root and stem. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference at the probability level of 1% or 5% between cultivars in each There are two stresses, but in general, drought stress had more inhibition on the measured traits.For root dry weight,Varamin number had the lowest decrease compared to the other two cultivars, and at the last level of stress compared to the control,for salinity stress 14 % and recorded a 66% reduction in drought stress. Varamin cultivar had better performance in all the investigated parameters under drought and salinity stress conditions.
Maryam Hashemvand; Mohammad Sedghi; Raouf Seyed Sharifi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of cadmium and salicylic acid on the physiological and biochemical traits of red bean seeds a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of University of Mohaghegh ...
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In order to investigate the effect of cadmium and salicylic acid on the physiological and biochemical traits of red bean seeds a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2023. Experimental treatments included three levels of salicylic acid (0, 50 and 100 mM) and four levels of cadmium (0, 25, 50 and 75 ppm). The results showed that the effect of cadmium and salicylic acid treatments and the effect of the interaction of these two factors on the characteristics of Final Germination Percentage (FGP), Germination Rate (gr), Germination Uniformity (GU), Radicle Length (RL), Radicle fresh and dry weight (RFW and RDW), Radicle cadmium were significant. The highest FGP (99.66%), GR (0.81 seeds per day), RL (14.5 mm), RFW (0.46 gr) and RDW (0.2 gr) observed in the treatment with 100 mM salicylic acid and no application of cadmium. The activity of catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzymes increased by 73, 81 and 75%, respectively in the treatment with salicylic acid and without cadmium compared to the control. In general, the use of salicylic acid, by reducing the negative effects of cadmium, improves the physiological traits and the activity of antioxidant enzymes of red bean seeds.
Nasrin Teimoori; Mohsen Saeidi; Mahmoud Khoramivafa; Shahab Khoshkhoi
Abstract
Seed priming has been introduced as an effective and practical mechanism for increasing seed germination resistance and creating more vigorous seedlings against abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. Therefore, this research was carried out as a factorial experiment to investigate the effect ...
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Seed priming has been introduced as an effective and practical mechanism for increasing seed germination resistance and creating more vigorous seedlings against abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. Therefore, this research was carried out as a factorial experiment to investigate the effect of priming chickpea seeds with iron oxide nanoparticle and bulk forms on the germination characteristics of chickpea cultivar Adel under salinity stress. The test factors include 1) seed priming with iron oxide bulk and nanoparticles 1-100 nm and 40-60 nm in three concentrations of 2, 4, 8 mg l-1, hydro-prime and non-prime, and 2) salinity stress (30, 60, 90 mM of sodium chloride). he results showed that the salinity of 90 mM completely stopped the germination. Levels of 30- and 60-mM salinity caused a 23 and 63% decrease in germination and 72 and 89% decrease in germination rate, respectively. Prime treatments significantly increased germination percentage and rate, mean daily germination, seed vigor, and allometric coefficient, and significantly decreased abnormal seedlings, especially at 60 mM of salinity. Salinity stress was observed to affect the germination rate more than the germination percentage. The most effective seed priming treatments were iron oxide bulk and nanoparticles 40-60 nm, 8 mg l-1. Interestingly, the iron oxide nanoparticles showed no significant advantage over the bulk iron oxide. These findings suggest that priming treatments can enhance the salt resistance of chickpeas during the germination stage.
MohammadReza Jazayeri; Saman Sheidaei; Bohloul Abbaszade; Saeed Amini
Abstract
The guidelines for the Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) test for new perennial savory (Satureja spp.) cultivars have been prepared and compiled in accordance with the principles of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and the national regulations of ...
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The guidelines for the Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) test for new perennial savory (Satureja spp.) cultivars have been prepared and compiled in accordance with the principles of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and the national regulations of Iran. The process of drafting these guideline, including the selection and determination of traits to be assessed, the determination of the states of expression of these traits and their range of variations, the ordering of traits, and the methods for evaluating distinctness, uniformity, and stability, are described in this article. In this guideline, fourteen traits are tested, including three qualitative traits (QL), one pseudo-qualitative traits (PQ), and ten quantitative traits (QN). Additionally, the range of variation for the expression of some quantitative traits has been quantified in this guideline. Among the fourteen traits tested, four traits were selected for grouping the cultivars, and four traits were included in the technical questionnaire. This new guideline for the DUS test of perennial savory (Satureja spp.) is intended for the identification and registration of new cultivars of this plant and the granting of breeders' rights.
Mohammad Behzad Amiri; Atefeh Mirzaeian; Mohammad Kafi
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of different amounts of salinity stress and the types of priming on germination characteristics and seedling growth of curly dock, a factorial experiment based on CRD design with three replications was conducted in 2023 year, at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of different amounts of salinity stress and the types of priming on germination characteristics and seedling growth of curly dock, a factorial experiment based on CRD design with three replications was conducted in 2023 year, at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The experimental factors included four levels of salinity stress (3, 6, 9 and 12 dS.m-1) and control (without salinity stress) and priming of different materials such as Nanopriming of SiO2, hormopriming of salicylic acid, halopriming of KNO3 and hydropriming (control). The results showed that the highest germination percentage obtained in treatments of non-salinity and priming of SiO2 (94%) and salicylic acid (92.33%) and the lowest germination percentage belonged to the treatment of 12 dS.m-1 salinity stress and hydropriming (20.66%). The use of seed halopriming with KNO3 in salinity stress of 6 dS.m-1 led to the occurrence of the highest synchronization index (1.81) and in all of studied primings, the application of high salinity levels had negative effects on seedling vigor 2. The highest allometric coefficient (1.56) observed in treatment of nanopriming of SiO2 under conditions of non-salinity. In salinity level of 12 dS.m-1, hormopriming salicylic acid increased dry weight of radicle and plumule by 87 and 92% compared to control, respectively. Seed priming for 24 hours in the hormontal solution of salicylic acid led to the reduction of the negative effects of the highest level of salinity stress (salinity of 12 dS.m-1) on total biomass.
