Mehdi Razmkhah; Ali Moradi; Hojatollah Latifmanesh; Hamidreza Balouchi
Abstract
Camelina (Camelina sativa) is a one-year oil plant, one of the most important problems of its cultivation is the interaction of seed germination and seed establishment with drought stress. Use of herbal treatments such as rye plant extract can speed up them, especially in drought-stress conditions. Therefore, ...
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Camelina (Camelina sativa) is a one-year oil plant, one of the most important problems of its cultivation is the interaction of seed germination and seed establishment with drought stress. Use of herbal treatments such as rye plant extract can speed up them, especially in drought-stress conditions. Therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of priming and priming time on germination and some biochemical traits of Camelina under drought stress in the Agriculture and Genetics Laboratory of Yasouj University from 2021 to 2022. The experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The first factor was priming with Danko variety of rye plant root extract at 3 levels (zero, 40 and 60%), The second factor was priming times at three levels (zero, 6 and 12 hours) and the third factor included drought stress at three levels (zero, -3 and -6 times). Based on the obtained results, it was observed that drought stress affected the biochemical indicators and germination of Camelina and pre-treatment with rye extract at a concentration of 60% along with prime in 12 hours with the improvement of some biochemical indicators and germination were able to increase the tolerance of Camelina seedlings under drought stress by affecting the non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system of the plant. The results of the experiment show that using Danko variety of rye root extract with a concentration of 60% in 12 hours improves physical characteristics of the seed, helping germination in optimal and drought stress conditions.
Amirreza Akbarfakhrabadi; R. Tavakkol Afshari; Majid Tolyat Abolhasani
Abstract
The Henbane (Hyoscyamus SPP.) belongs to the potato genus and due to the presence of alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine, it affects the human nervous system. Among the annual and perennial species of this genus, five of them are endemic in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine ...
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The Henbane (Hyoscyamus SPP.) belongs to the potato genus and due to the presence of alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine, it affects the human nervous system. Among the annual and perennial species of this genus, five of them are endemic in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the cardinal temperatures and evaluate the germination response of five seed ecotypes (Hyoscyamus SPP.) to water temperature and potential. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. Experimental treatments were run according to eight temperature levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40°c) and six water potential levels (0, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.9 MPa). The results showed that with decreasing water potential, the percentage and germination rate of Ecotypes decreased. Estimation of cardinal temperatures showed that the base temperature and ceiling temperature of the five studied Ecotypes were the same and were equal to 8 and about 40 ° C, respectively. Furthermore, the optimum temperature of these Ecotypes was recorded in the range of 25-35 ° C. The Dashty Ecotype had a wider optimum temperature range. According to R2 and RMSE statistics, the Dent-like model well describes the germination rate response of the studied ecotypes to temperature and water potential.
Bahman Ahmadvand; F. Sharifzadeh; Mojtaba Mirabzadeh Ardakani
Abstract
In this research, Sesame (Sesamum indicum L var.shevin) seed germination characteristics under drought stress conditions influenced by different seed priming treatments were investigated. In two separate experiments, germination responses to different temperatures (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ...
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In this research, Sesame (Sesamum indicum L var.shevin) seed germination characteristics under drought stress conditions influenced by different seed priming treatments were investigated. In two separate experiments, germination responses to different temperatures (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ° C) and also different drought stresses (water potentials of -9, -11, -13 and -15 bar) were considered. Based on the results, 25 ° C was determined as optimum germination temperature. The -11 bar water potential was also determined as drought stress. Hydropriming and osmopriming of the seeds were performed at three temperatures of 20, 25 and 30 ° C. The duration of priming was determined based on the priming temperature and type. Calcium chloride osmopriming treatment was performed in three concentrations of 1, 2 and 3 mM. The seeds were primed using potassium nitrate in three concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%. After priming using the mentioned treatments, the seeds were dried out to initial seed moisture content and then subjected to drought stress (-11 bar) during germination period to determine the best priming treatments. Priming treatments significantly improved seed germination characteristics under drought stress. Overall, The results of this experiment demonstrated that use of hydropriming for the seeds of sesame had the highest germination features. So this treatment can be presented as an appropriate treatment for this plant as it is cost-effective, safe and eco-friendly.
Elham Bahrabadi; R. Tavakkol Afshari; Mehdi Nassiri Mahallati
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of temperature, drought and priming on the percentage and rate germination of corn seeds, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replicates was conducted. Treatments included eight temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 ºC), ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of temperature, drought and priming on the percentage and rate germination of corn seeds, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replicates was conducted. Treatments included eight temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 ºC), four drought potential (0, -0.4, -0.8 and -1.2 MPa), and five priming (control, hydroprimin, GA priming, ABA priming and, SA ptiming). Both percentage and rate of germination were inhibited at osmotic potentials ≤−0.8 MPa PEG. At 35 ºC temperature. Germination percentage of unprimed seeds was reduced from 94 to 36% in −1.2 MPa. Under these conditions, gibberellic acid hormone treatment improved seed germination. The effect of temperature on germination can be defined in terms of cardinal temperatures. We compared three non-linear regression models (Dent-like, segmented and beta). The outcome revealed that the Dent-like function was suitable for use in describing seed germination response to temperature. The base, optimum 1, optimum 2 and ceiling temperature were estimated to be 9.51, 24.12, 35 and 44.62 °C, respectively. The response of germination rate to both temperature and water potential can be described as a non-linear function of the hydrothermal model. According to the results of this study, hydropriming, gibberellic acid, and salicylic acid increased the mean deviation of the base temperature compared to non-priming treatment, increasing the standard deviation of the base temperature indicates the ability of seed germination in different osmotic potentials.
Arash Mamedi; F. Sharifzadeh; Reza Maali Amiri
Abstract
Quinoa has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its low ecological needs and rich nutritional value. Therefore, the variability of germination components to temperature and determination of cardinal temperatures were performed by seed germination test at different constant temperatures ...
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Quinoa has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its low ecological needs and rich nutritional value. Therefore, the variability of germination components to temperature and determination of cardinal temperatures were performed by seed germination test at different constant temperatures from -1 to 45°C.The results of the dent-like model showed that the base temperature and ceiling temperature of quinoa were -03.04 and 45.45°C, respectively, and the optimum temperature was from 20 to 35°C. To investigation the effect of salinity and drought stress on germination at 25°C, the seeds were exposed to osmotic potentials from 0 to -28 bar, which were made of sodium chloride (NaCl) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively, to induce stresses. The results showed that the reduction of osmotic potential up to -12 bar was not able to significantly reduce the germination components compared to normal conditions. However, with decreasing osmotic potential to -18 and -24 bar, the germination percentage decreased significantly. The germination was completely stopped at -24 bar of drought-induced, while 24% germination was observed at the same point of the salinity-induced osmotic potential. Therefore, seed germination capacity under salinity-induced stress was more tolerant than drought-induced stress at all levels of osmotic potentials. Most likely, due to the fact that quinoa is halophyte, by absorbing the ionic elements of salt, required for the maintenance of the cell turgor, which concurrent increase in cytosolic osmolality. Thus, this species has a great potential for distribution to other areas such as provinces with dry climate.
Behzad Gholipor; Afshin Mozaffari; Abas Maleki; Mohammad Mirzaei Heydari; Farzad Babaii
Abstract
Experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design with 3 replication factorial arrangement. Experimental treatments were including genotype factor (including 15 sea beet samples from Khuzestan, Elam, Kermanshah, Kurdistan and Azerbaiyjan provinces and two sensitive and susceptible cultivar ...
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Experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design with 3 replication factorial arrangement. Experimental treatments were including genotype factor (including 15 sea beet samples from Khuzestan, Elam, Kermanshah, Kurdistan and Azerbaiyjan provinces and two sensitive and susceptible cultivar of sugar beet) and salinity factors (concentration of 0, 50, 100 and 400 mM) and drought factors (5 levels of 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 bar). Results showed that the effect of salinity and drought treatments on germination percentage, radicle, plumule length, radicle, and plumule weight traits were significant and in both experiments with increasing stress intensity germination percentage, radicle and plumule length, radicle and plumule weight traits decreased. In both experiments, the germination percentage trait was less and hypocotyl weight trait more affected by stresses than other traits. Alsoو in both experiments, radicle growth was less affected by stress than the plumule. Statistical estimations showed that there was a significant difference between investigated genotypes for germination percentage, radicle length, plumule length, radicle weight and plumule weight in both experiments. In salinity and drought stress conditions, at least 5 and 7 sea beet genotypes were identified from Elam, Kermanshah, Khuzestan and Azerbaiyjan provinces, which were better in terms of germination and early growth characteristics than sugar beet cultivars. Based on this, it can be concluded that sea beet has high diversity and resistance potential against salinity and drought stresses during germination and early growth stages, and can be used to produce more resistance sugar beet against salinity and drought stresses.
Babak Darvishi; Mehrdad Jenab; Rahman Bakhtar; Jahanbakhsh Hoseininejadian
Abstract
This study was set up to survey the possibility of mulch utilization in water use management and to evaluate its effect on quality and quantity of potato seed tubers. A split plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications was conducted in 2 locations (Ardabil ...
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This study was set up to survey the possibility of mulch utilization in water use management and to evaluate its effect on quality and quantity of potato seed tubers. A split plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications was conducted in 2 locations (Ardabil and Esfahan) and at 2 years (2013-14 and 2014-15). Main factor was Irrigation regime (Control and Mild Drought Stress) and sub factors were Variety (Agria, Arinda and Sante) and Mulch (Control, Wood chips, Straw and Compost of municipal waste). Results showed that under Mild drought stress, mulch (especially straw) significantly increased tuber number per unit area, while did not affect yield. Mild drought stress significantly reduced the number of established plants of Agria cv., hence straw mulch significantly increased established plants number of this cultivar under drought stress. Mild drought stress significantly reduced tuber size in Arinda cv. and straw or wood chips mulch significantly increased tuber size of this cultivar under drought stress. Organic mulch significantly increased soil organic carbon while compost of municipal waste decreased the amount of soil organic carbon by 17.1 percent
Hossein Reza Rouhi; Ali Sepehri
Abstract
Seed deterioration is an important factor in reducing of physiological seed quality that it increased the severity of damage in adverse environmental conditions. The effects of hydrogen peroxide to improve physiological and antioxidant enzyme activities in aged groundnut seeds under drought stress were ...
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Seed deterioration is an important factor in reducing of physiological seed quality that it increased the severity of damage in adverse environmental conditions. The effects of hydrogen peroxide to improve physiological and antioxidant enzyme activities in aged groundnut seeds under drought stress were studied. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was done. Priming of different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0, 50, 100 and 150 µM) under 0, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8MPa drought stress levels were evaluated. The results showed that seed priming with hydrogen peroxide in different drought levels increased some traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, vigour index, plumule and radicle length, soluble carbohydrates and protein contents and antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). While it decreased mean germination time, electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content in comparison to nonprime seeds. So seed priming with 50 and 100 µM of hydrogen peroxide in -0.8MPa level increased germination rate, vigor index , soluble carbohydrates and proteins, respectively by 27.89, 93.24, 71.42, 46.12, 27.06, 76.73, 30.26 and 51.04% compared to nonprimed seeds. Also, it increased activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase, respectively by 26.37, 8.79, 39.07, 15.43, 5.28 and 21.51% compared to non-primed seeds. Therefore, the use of 50 mM hydrogen peroxide to reduce the negative effects caused by deterioration in drought stress is recommended.
atfeh hoseini; َAli Moradi; H.R. Balouchi
Abstract
In order to investigate seed bio-priming effects on some germination index of Pimpinella anisum L. under drought stress, this research was done in genetic lab at Agriculture department of Yasouj University. The experiment was factorial with two factor based on CRD design in 4 replications and in each ...
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In order to investigate seed bio-priming effects on some germination index of Pimpinella anisum L. under drought stress, this research was done in genetic lab at Agriculture department of Yasouj University. The experiment was factorial with two factor based on CRD design in 4 replications and in each Petri dishe 30 seeds were planted. First factor was seed bio-priming with nine level (on bio-priming, 4 Bactria strain (P.fluorescent), fluorescent (CHA0), 1) P.F (, 2) P.F (, 16) B (and 52 (B)) and 4 strain of T.harzianum (T29, T32, T43, T36 and T39) and second factor include osmotic potential of drought stress in 3 levels (0, -3 and -6 bar). The evaluated traits in this study included germination percentage, germination rate, seedling length, dry weight, seedling vigour index (weight and length) and alometric coefficient. Results of test showed that increasing drought stress, decreased seed germination indexes, and bio-priming couldn’t improve these indexes than non-priming seeds, therefore in each of drought stress potential, T36 has the maximum germination percentage (83.88), germination rate (4.7), seedling length vigor index (10), seedling dry weight (8.07), and seedling weight vigor index (15.25) and not primed seeds have the lowest amount of this traits. According to the results, it can be stated that the application of bio-priming treatment can moderately reduce the adverse effects of drought stress in the germination stage of pimpinella anisum L.
Hamidreza Naseri; Seyed Alireza Hosseini; Nateq Lashkari Sanami
Abstract
Water deficiency is one of the important problems in arid and semi-arid regions. Thus, in germination and growing stages selection of resistant medicinal plant species is very important. In this investigation in order to seed dormancy breakage of Dorema ammoniacum seeds, wet cooling treatment was assessed ...
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Water deficiency is one of the important problems in arid and semi-arid regions. Thus, in germination and growing stages selection of resistant medicinal plant species is very important. In this investigation in order to seed dormancy breakage of Dorema ammoniacum seeds, wet cooling treatment was assessed first. After selection of the best cooling treatment (5 °C), treated seeds were placed in germinating medium with drought stress; at a period of 20 days at 15 and 20 °C. Drought stress trial was conducted at 5 levels as factorial layout based on a completely randomized design including control, -4, -8, -12, and -16 bar treatments. PEG was used to make drought stress. Results showed germination rate and percentage, radicle length, and stem length were significantly (p < 0/01) decreased by increasing drought stress. The best range for germination in conditions of without stress was to -12 bar water potential. It appears that stem length was more vulnerable than other characters. In addition, 20 °C was the most appropriate temperature for germination under drought treatment.
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 97-108
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of salinity and drought stress on germination and growth characteristics of wild mustard seedlings collected from irrigated wheat fields on the base of a complete randomized design in Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute. Different levels of salinity ...
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This experiment was conducted to study the effect of salinity and drought stress on germination and growth characteristics of wild mustard seedlings collected from irrigated wheat fields on the base of a complete randomized design in Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute. Different levels of salinity and drought stress included of 0 (control), -2, -4, -6, -8 and -10 bar were created by NaCl and poly-ethylene-glycol (PEG), respectively. Measured criteria included of final germination percentage, germination speed, seedling length, plumule length, radicle length and seedling vigor index. According to the results, mentioned stresses had negative significant effect on germination rate and percentage, length of plumule, radicle and seedling and seedling vigor index. More significant effect in drought stress than salinity stress showed higher resistance of wild mustard in salinity stress rather than drought stress. Both salinity and drought stress affected length of plumule more than length of radical. It means that length of plumule is more sensitive to mentioned stresses. According to fitted model, X50 (the potential caused to 50% reduction of final germination and germination rate of wild mustard) related to salinity stress (7.33 and 5.03, respectively) was significantly higher than X50 related to drought stress (4.47 and 2.90, respectively).
Volume 3, Issue 2 , December 2014, , Pages 211-222
Abstract
To investigate the role of mucilage in germination of medicinal plants in drought stress conditions, germination test conducted on 4 replications of 25 seeds of 13 species of medicinal plants with mucilage from the families of Lamiaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Linaceae and Plantaginaceae in 9 cm diameter ...
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To investigate the role of mucilage in germination of medicinal plants in drought stress conditions, germination test conducted on 4 replications of 25 seeds of 13 species of medicinal plants with mucilage from the families of Lamiaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Linaceae and Plantaginaceae in 9 cm diameter petridishes with filter paper premoistined with distilled water in the Seed Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2012. Different levels of waterpotential (0, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4 MPa) using PEG applied and germination percent and mean germination time (MGT) of the species were determined.Results showed osmotic potential levels had a significant effect on the germination percent and mean germination time (MGT) of the species (P≤0.01). P. psylliumM. officinalis and L. usitatissimum were tolerant while, S.officinalis,A.homalocarpum and P.major were sensitive species and other species showed moderate tolerance. It seems amount of the mucilage of species was effective on tolerance of the species. The positive effect of the mucilage on the reduction of stress in the majority of the species may have an ecological benefit in the harsh conditions for the germination of the species with mucilage.
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 67-83
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of drought stress and potassium foliar application on seed yield and seed germination characteristics of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2011-2012 at two locates, 1. Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of drought stress and potassium foliar application on seed yield and seed germination characteristics of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2011-2012 at two locates, 1. Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute (SPCRI), Karaj- Iran 2. Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Yazd-Iran. The experiment was carried out using a split plot factorial based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The water treatments included three irrigation regimes; normal, mild stress (warer withhold at the grain filling phase) and severe stress (water withhold at the ear emergence phase); potassium foliar treatments included, 0, 1.5% and 3.0% K2O applications and three wheat cultivars (Marvdasht, Pishtaz and WS-82-9). Result showed that reaction of cultivars at two locates for seed yield was different under drought stress conditions. High and lowseed yield were producedwith WS-82-9 at Karaj under normal water use (9310 kg ha-1)and with Marvdasht cultivar at Yazd under sever drought stress (2220 kg ha-1), respectively. Seed weight and seed yieldshowed significantdecreases by increasing drought stress. The mentioned traits showed significantincreases by spraying of K2O and it was more at Yazd area under severe drought stress, because of more unfavorable condition. Spraying wheat plants with 3.0%K2O produced the highest value of seed yield (7321.9 kg ha-1); while control treatment (without potassium foliar application) at Yazd gave the lowest value of this character. Significant interaction of location× drought stress× cultivar on seed wastes showed that reaction of cultivars at two places was different under drought stress conditions, so that minimum and maximum seed wastes were observedin WS-82-9 at Karaj under normal irrigation (%2.26)and in Marvdasht cultivar at Yazd under severe drought stress (%54.76), respectively.Results revealed that high and lowseed wastes were observedunder no application of potassium (22.14%)and withspraying 3.0 % K2O (13.99%), respectively. Seed germination percentage before and after seed cleaning showed that seed cleaning had important role on improvement of seed quality, in a way that drought stress had significant influence on seed germination percentage before seed cleaning, but drought stress had no significant influence on seed germination percentage and mean germination time after seed cleaning.
