Nasrin Teimoori; Mohsen Saeidi; Mahmood Khoramivafa; Shahab Khoshkhoi
Abstract
The utilization of nanoparticles for seed priming may enhance the germination and seedling growth compared to bulk forms. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the effect of seed priming (with bulk iron oxide, nanoparticles of 1-100 nm and 40-60 nm in concentrations of zero, 2, 4, and 8 g l-1, ...
Read More
The utilization of nanoparticles for seed priming may enhance the germination and seedling growth compared to bulk forms. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the effect of seed priming (with bulk iron oxide, nanoparticles of 1-100 nm and 40-60 nm in concentrations of zero, 2, 4, and 8 g l-1, water, and no priming) at different levels of drought stress (including no stress, -2, -4 and -8 bar) using polyethylene glycol 6000 on the characteristics of germination and growth of Adel chickpea cultivar. This research was performed as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design in three replications at Razi University. The results showed that germination ceased completely under drought stress of -8 bar. Drought stress at -4 bar after -8 bar resulted in a significant decrease in the percentage, speed, and vigor of germination by 96, 93, and 40%, respectively, and 130% increase in root length/shoot length ratio compared to the non-drought stress treatment. Seed priming treatments had the most positive and significant effect on the speed and vigor of germination in non-drought stress treatment and on the germination percentage in drought stress treatment. The seed priming with iron 8 g l-1 and 40-60 nm produced the highest length and weight vigor of germination. It appears that the priming treatments have resulted in better vigor and rate of germination in non-drought stress condition while germination percentage in drought stress. The seed priming treatment using iron 40-60 nm is the most effective compared to other priming treatments.
Mahboobe Mohammadi; Mohammad Hassan Rashed Mohassel; Ehsan Neamatollahi
Abstract
This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of seed coating with micronutrient elements, regulators and growth stimulants on the characteristics of germination and seedling establishment of sugar beet seeds, and in the form of a completely randomized design with four repetitions in the year ...
Read More
This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of seed coating with micronutrient elements, regulators and growth stimulants on the characteristics of germination and seedling establishment of sugar beet seeds, and in the form of a completely randomized design with four repetitions in the year 2020, in the Razavi Seed and Plant Institute was carried out under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The treatments of this experiment were different combinations of micronutrient elements, regulators and growth stimulants which included 29 treatments along with a control treatment (without coating). The results showed that germination percentage, daily germination rate, germination rate coefficient, root and shoot length, root and shoot dry weight, and seedling root length index were significantly affected. Seed coating treatments were applied. In general, treatment 21, including macro elements + micro elements + humic acid + Gibberellic acid, with a germination percentage of 97%, seedling length index 13.87, allometric coefficient 0.2232, as the best treatment, increasing the mean You have a witness about the treatment. Also, among the different seed coating treatments, treatment 22, including microelements + humic acid + Gibberellic acid + kaolin, had the highest percentage of seedling establishment with 95%. Seed coating with micronutrients, humic acid and Gibberellic acid had the greatest effect on improving seedling growth and quality and germination percentage.
Parvin Salehi; Hamideh Javadi; Leila Rasoulzadeh; Leila Falah Hoseini
Abstract
In this study, the effect of short-term storage conditions in one season on the characteristics of seed germination of 3 species of Nepeta was studied. A factorial experiment was conducted. Treatments included 1) Storage period (in five levels 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 months), 2) storage temperature (at three ...
Read More
In this study, the effect of short-term storage conditions in one season on the characteristics of seed germination of 3 species of Nepeta was studied. A factorial experiment was conducted. Treatments included 1) Storage period (in five levels 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 months), 2) storage temperature (at three levels of the laboratory environment, cold storage +4 and -18 °C), and 3) germination treatment (at two levels of control and gibberellin 250 ppm). The results showed that the germination characteristics of different species are different at the time of harvest, So that at the time of harvesting, N. glomerulosa with 29% showed lower germination compared to two species, N. haussknechtii and N. pogonosperma, with 87 and 89% germination. Storage for 3 to 4 months increased the germination percentage of N. glomerulosa about 53% and N. haussknechtii and N. pogonosperma about 10%. It can be concluded that N. glomerulosa has primary dormancy, and by keeping it for four months, the post-harvesting demands of this species are released. While the species N. haussknechtii and N. pogonosperma did not have primary dormancy. The study of seed storage at +25, +4 and -18 °C showed that the best temperature for short-term seed storage, until the next cropping season, for N. glomerulosa subsp. Staffina is temperature +4 °C and for N. haussknechtii and N. pogonosperma is -18 °C. The germination behavior of N. haussknechtii and N. pogonosperma are very similar and is completely different from N. glomerulosa subsp. Staffina.
Mehdi Afrouz; Parisa Sheikhzadeh
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of Ag synthesized from fennel on seed germination, growth and biochemical characteristics of hybrid single cross 704 corn seedlings, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2021. ...
Read More
In order to evaluate the effect of Ag synthesized from fennel on seed germination, growth and biochemical characteristics of hybrid single cross 704 corn seedlings, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2021. Experimental factors included synthesized Ag nanoparticles (0, 0.001, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.75 mg L-1) and the application methods of Ag nanoparticles (seed priming and no priming). The results showed that in both methods of nanoparticle application, with the use of different concentrations of Ag nanoparticles, there was a significant increase in the percentage and speed of germination, average daily germination, germination simultaneity index, strength index, length and dry weight of corn seedlings and a decrease in the average germination time, D50 of corn seeds were germinated. Among the nanoparticle application methods, priming seeds with 0.001 mg L-1 and adding 0.1 mg L-1 Ag nanoparticles had a greater effect on improving germination, seedling growth, and increasing seed vigor index. By adding 0.1 mg L-1 of Ag nanoparticles to no priming, it resulted in the highest germination%, synchronicity index, mean daily germination and the lowest mean germination time. The use of different concentrations of Ag nanoparticles in both application methods increased the activity of catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and proline content compared to the control treatment, the use of a concentration of 0.001 mg L-1 of Ag nanoparticles as a priming can be suggested to improve seed germination, growth, and biochemical characteristics of corn seedlings.
Nasrin Teimoori; Mokhtar Ghobadi; Danial Kahrizi
Abstract
Camelina oilseed has a lot of ability to be placed in the cultivation pattern of Iran's drylands. The seed germination and seedling establishment in dryland agriculture are usually exposed to drought stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the application effect of silicon concentrations in improving ...
Read More
Camelina oilseed has a lot of ability to be placed in the cultivation pattern of Iran's drylands. The seed germination and seedling establishment in dryland agriculture are usually exposed to drought stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the application effect of silicon concentrations in improving the seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of camelina under drought-stress conditions. The experiment was conducted as a factorial based on CRD with three replications at the seed laboratory of Razi University. The factors include camelina genotypes (Sohail and Line-84), drought stress (0, -3, -6, -9 bar using PEG-6000) and silicon (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mM using sodium silicate). According to the results, increasing the drought stress decreased the seed germination characteristics and the seedling growth. However, germination percentage, germination rate, seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigor indices and allometric coefficient of plumule to radicle weight were increased by silicon. To increase the measured traits, silicon 6 and 8 mM were better than other concentrations. In general, silicon was effective in mitigating the effects of drought stress on the seedling growth of camelina by improving the seed germination characteristics and seedling growth. Therefore, it seems that the silicon is an effective factor in such studies and its usability in camelina seed technology and seed coating for dryland areas.
Amin Haghighi; seyed ata Siadat; Ali Moshatati; Seyed Amir Moosavi
Abstract
In order to study the effect of auxin hormone priming on seed germination indices and seedling growth of triticale under salt stress, an experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications in seed science and technology laboratory of plant production ...
Read More
In order to study the effect of auxin hormone priming on seed germination indices and seedling growth of triticale under salt stress, an experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications in seed science and technology laboratory of plant production and genetics engineering department of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in 2018. Experimental factors were auxin hormone priming (control (no priming), 5 μM auxin in 3 hours, 10 μM auxin in 3 hours, 20 μM auxin in 3 hours, 40 μM auxin in 3 hours, 5 μM auxin in 6 hours, 10 μM auxin in 6 hours, 20 μM auxin in 6 hours and 40 μM auxin in 6 hours) and different salinity levels (include 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 dS/m). The analysis of variance showed that the effect of priming, salinity stress and the interaction effect of them were significant on all measured traits (except germination percetage) in 1 percent probability level. The comparison of means showed that salinity stress decreased germination traits but hormone priming reduced the negative effect of salinity stress and improved different germination indices. Also, the best concentration of Auxin hormone priming was at 20 μM for 3 hours.
mahdi Afrouz; Parisa Sheikhzadeh
Abstract
TIn order to evaluate the effect of iron nanooxide synthesized from oregano on germination, growth and biochemical characteristics of corn seedlings, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors included synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles ...
Read More
TIn order to evaluate the effect of iron nanooxide synthesized from oregano on germination, growth and biochemical characteristics of corn seedlings, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors included synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles and the application methods of iron oxide nanoparticles. The results showed that iron oxide nanoparticles had a significant effect on germination, growth, and biochemical characteristics of seedlings. The highest germination rate, vigor index, seedling dry weight, and length were achieved with the application of 240 mg L-1 of iron oxide nanoparticles. Among the nanoparticle application methods, seed priming compared to the method of adding them to the planting medium had a greater effect on improving germination, growth, and increasing the vigor index. Using 240 mg L-1 of iron oxide nanoparticles as priming resulted in the highest germination percentage, germination synchrony index, mean daily germination, and the lowest MGT. In the case of adding nanoparticles to the planting medium, although it had less effect than the priming method, adding 360 mg L-1 of iron oxide nanoparticles to the planting medium also caused a significant increase in corn germination. The use of different concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles in both methods of nanoparticle application caused a significant increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in seedlings. Therefore, the use of a concentration of 240 mg L-1 of iron oxide nanoparticles as a priming can be suggested to improve germination, growth, and biochemical characteristics of seedlings.
ahmad zare; amin lotfi JALALABADI
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different treatments on dormancy breaking of Prickly scorpions weed (Scorpiurus muricatus L), three separate experiments were conducted in 2021 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan with four replications. experimental treatments ...
Read More
In order to investigate the effect of different treatments on dormancy breaking of Prickly scorpions weed (Scorpiurus muricatus L), three separate experiments were conducted in 2021 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan with four replications. experimental treatments consisted of immersion in boiling water (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 seconds), immersion in sulfuric acid (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 minutes), scarification and soaking (with scarification+ with soaking, with scarification + non soaking, without scarification +with soaking and without scarification and without soaking). The results of boiling water indicated that with increasing soaking time, germination percentage decreased and the highest germination percentage was observed in 30 seconds (85%). under sulfuric acid application conditions, 34% of seeds germinated in 10 minutes and at other times (20 -70 minutes) maximum germination was observed. The highest germination rate in sulfuric acid treatment was predicted to be 52 minutes. The results of scarification and soaking treatments showed that scarification alone led to an increase in germination percentage (92%) and germination decreased to 56% in soaking conditions with scarification. Immersing seeds in sulfuric acid for 50 minutes, application boiling water for 30 seconds and scarification as a solution to braking dormancy of Prickly can be recommended.
Mohammad Reza Mirzaei
Abstract
Application of fungicides and insecticides in seed coating technology to control pathogen and pest early in the growing season to reduce damage to seedling emergence and plant establishment is essential. In this study, carboxyl tyram, lamardor, and maxim XL 035 fungicides and Cruiser FS 350, Cruiser ...
Read More
Application of fungicides and insecticides in seed coating technology to control pathogen and pest early in the growing season to reduce damage to seedling emergence and plant establishment is essential. In this study, carboxyl tyram, lamardor, and maxim XL 035 fungicides and Cruiser FS 350, Cruiser FS 600 and Gaucho insecticides were used for coating the seed of two maize cultivars. The results showed that the coating maize seed with different fungicides and insecticides has significant effect on germination traits of the seeds. Germination rate, seedling emergence rate and seedling growth and finally dry weight were affected by the interaction of fungicide and insecticide in maize seed coating. In general, fungicidal and insecticidal formulations that have an increasing effect on seedling emergence rate and decrease average seedling emergence time, increased vegetative growth and eventually seedling weight. Maize seeds coating with Maxim XL + Cruiser 600, increased the dry weight of seedlings by 49.7% compared with uncoated seed under laboratory condition. Finally, based on germination traits in laboratory and greenhouse, Maxim XL 035 FS fungicide with Cruiser FS 600 or 350 insecticids, and Vitavax fungicide with Cruiser FS 600 insecticid, as the best combination of fungicide and insecticide are recommended for maize seed coating.
Fatemeh Primoradi; Abdolmahdi Bakhshandeh; Seyed Amir Moosavi; Mohammad Hossain Gharineh; Ali Moshatati
Abstract
In order to investigate the combined effects of temperature and salinity stress on seed germination properties of ziziphus (Ramlik), a factorial experiment conducted at seed technology laboratory of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in 2019. The experiment was arranged ...
Read More
In order to investigate the combined effects of temperature and salinity stress on seed germination properties of ziziphus (Ramlik), a factorial experiment conducted at seed technology laboratory of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in 2019. The experiment was arranged as complete block design with three raplications. First factor was salinity (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mM) and second factor was temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 oC). Results of the experiment revealed that there was no seed germination in 5 oC, 10 oC at all salinity treatments. Seed germination and seedling growth were declined at all temperature treatments bythe increase in salinity concentrations. Salinity tolerance threshold of Ramlik at 25 OC was 173 mM but as temperature increased to 35 oC, it declined to 150 mM. The highest seed germination properties of Ramlik were observed at 25 oC. An increase in salinity led to a lower seed germination rate. As Ramlik seeds were capable to complete their germination at
Abbas Abbasian; Ghorban Ali Asadi; Reza Ghorbani; Mahboobeh Naseri
Abstract
Centaurea balsamita is an annual plant that invades fallow and steep lands. . In this regard, in order to evaluate the effect of intermittent temperatures on germination of Centaurea balsamita, a completely randomized design with six replications in vitro was conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture, ...
Read More
Centaurea balsamita is an annual plant that invades fallow and steep lands. . In this regard, in order to evaluate the effect of intermittent temperatures on germination of Centaurea balsamita, a completely randomized design with six replications in vitro was conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Temperature treatments were alternating day / night 15-5, 5-20, 20-10, 25-10, 25-15 and C° 30-15. The results showed that intermittent night and day temperatures showed the highest germination rate at 5-15 °C. The highest percentage and rate of germination (83% and 8.9 seeds/day) were in the intermittent temperature of 5-15 °C and the lowest in the intermittent temperature of 15-30 °C. The highest values of root length (97 mm), shoot length (30 mm), root fresh weight (19 mg) and shoot fresh weight (52 mg) were obtained at 15-30, 5-15 °C, respectively. Also, the highest value of the seedling vigor index (7.75) was related to the temperature treatment of 5-15 °C, its lowest value (5.2) at an intermittent temperature of 10-25 °C. Also, the results of this experiment were in agreement with the reality of the germination of this plant (germination in November with moisture condition). Based on the results of the present study considering that November is the peak time for the emergence of this weed in Mashhad, it is suggested that in order to perform better control and reduce the use of pesticides and consequently reduce financial and environmental costs, chemical control this weed is done at this time.
ahmad zare; Zeinab Porameri
Abstract
In order to knowledge the dormancy and seed germination of field dodder in response to environmental factors (sulfuric acid (physical dormancy), light, temperature, salinity and drought stress) four separate experiments were conducted at agricultural scientists and natural recourses university of Khuzestan. ...
Read More
In order to knowledge the dormancy and seed germination of field dodder in response to environmental factors (sulfuric acid (physical dormancy), light, temperature, salinity and drought stress) four separate experiments were conducted at agricultural scientists and natural recourses university of Khuzestan. Treatments of sulfuric acid (96%) immersion (0, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 m exposure to sulfuric acid), temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45°C). Light (light/dark and darkness), salinity (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 400 mM) and drought stress (0, -0.2,-0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1 and -1.2 MPa) were considered. Seed immersion for 30 m increased germination up to 100% while by increasing of seed immersion in sulfuric acid to 120 minutes, germination decreased to 60%. Seed germination were at 10°C (53%), 20 (88%), 25 (100%), 30 (100%), 35 (100%) and 40°C (42%). Germination of field dodder wasn’t dependent on light. The salinity required to 50% inhibition for traits germination percentage, germination index and germination rate were predicted 154.89, 139.71 and 119.11mM respectively. From the results of drought stress indicated that for 50% inhibition of germination percentage, germination index and germination rate (logistic equation) were predicted -0.57, -0.43 and 0.52 MPa respectively.
Heidar Meftahizade; Zahra Rahmati Ahmadabad
Abstract
Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.), is an annual plant of the legume family. The gum of this plant, which is actually extracted from the seed endosperm, is used in various industries. Germination and seedling growth indices are among the most important indicators for selecting salinity tolerant genotypes. ...
Read More
Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.), is an annual plant of the legume family. The gum of this plant, which is actually extracted from the seed endosperm, is used in various industries. Germination and seedling growth indices are among the most important indicators for selecting salinity tolerant genotypes. In this study, the effects of 4 salinity levels (such as: 0, 80, 150 and 220 mM) on germination characteristics and preliminary seedling growth (including percentage and rate of germination, seed vigor, etc.) of ten genotypes and guar seed selection were investigated. The results showed that salinity treatment, genotype and interactions of genotype × salinity on seed vigor index, root length, shoot length, seedling length were significant at 1% probability level. Mean comparisons showed showed that RGC-1008 had the highest percentage and germination rate and Saravan had the lowest percentage and germination rate. Mean comparison of salinity levels showed that the control had the highest (2.23cm) and the 150 mM treatment has the lowest shoot length (1.47cm). RGC-1038 and Bampour with 395.3 and 414.73 showed the highest seed vigor respectively, and Saravan with 68.32 showed the lowest seed vigor. In general, RGC-1008 can be a suitable candidate to cultivate in salinity stress after affecting other agronomic treatments.
Miad Haji Mahmoodi; Abdolmahdi Bakhshande; Seyed Amir Moosavi; seyed ata Siadat
Abstract
Aging and salinity stress are main challenges towards of producing a healthy seedling. This research was conducted to investigate the effects of seed aging on the seed germination properties of Wild mustard under salinity stress condition. Experimental treatments were five levels of seed aging 0, 24, ...
Read More
Aging and salinity stress are main challenges towards of producing a healthy seedling. This research was conducted to investigate the effects of seed aging on the seed germination properties of Wild mustard under salinity stress condition. Experimental treatments were five levels of seed aging 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and different levels of salinity stress 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mmol. Seed germination, germination rate and seed vigor were declined at high salinity concentrations. Catalase activity and total seed protein content were decrease due to the aging. Seed protein content (1.4 mg/g fw) declined about 92% and reach to 0.1 mg/g fw after 96h of aging. Catalase activity was decrease due to aging while in contrast, peroxidase activity was higher from 0.04 to 0.11 u/ mg protein after 96 h of aging. It was observed that all fatty acids of wild mustard seed oil were changed at higher aging durations. Behenic acid (C22:0) and Erusic acid (C22:1) were 0.656 and 38.543% in noaged seeds and they increased to 0.751 and 40.186%, respectively.
Abbas Hashemi; F. Sharifzadeh; Reza Maali Amiri; Reza Tavakkol Afshari
Abstract
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an important industrial plant, which classified in the category of oil plants. The tolerance of plants to drought is different, as well as Plants have different temperature and water requirements, and understanding this requirement helps them survive and reproduce. ...
Read More
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an important industrial plant, which classified in the category of oil plants. The tolerance of plants to drought is different, as well as Plants have different temperature and water requirements, and understanding this requirement helps them survive and reproduce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the germination characteristics of safflower seeds at different temperatures and humidity and the adaptation power of this plant under these conditions. For this purpose, germination of safflower seed (Faraman cultivar) was investigated in incubator at constant temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ° C. in this study, 3 regression model including, Beta model, Dent like model and segmented model were used to determine cardinal safflower temperatures. Then, to investigate germination and seedling growth response of Carthamus tinctorius toward different levels of Water Deficite Stress at an optimum temperature, another test was conducted. in this experiment, seed germination was assessed in six levels of Water Deficite Stress with the osmotic potential of 0, -3, - 5, -7 and -9 bar (in temperatures of 20 ° C). Based on Beta model, Dent like model and segmented model, the cardinal temperatures of Carthamus tinctorius seeds germination including, (Tbase, Topt and Tmax) were: (4.6, 4.1, 4.1), (22.02, 20 – 24.3, 22.5) and (43.3, 50.3, 50.3) °C, respectively.
maryam Boroujerdnia; seyed samih marashi; seyyed naser Mousavi
Abstract
This study evaluated different methods of improving seed germination in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) of Medjool cultivar. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated four times. Treatments were consisting of distilled water for 24 h at ambient ...
Read More
This study evaluated different methods of improving seed germination in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) of Medjool cultivar. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated four times. Treatments were consisting of distilled water for 24 h at ambient temperature, potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 0.5 and 1% for 24 h, sulphuric acid (50% H2SO4) for 3 min, sulphuric acid (98% H2SO4) for 3, 5 and 10 min, boiling water for 5 and 10 min and control(seeds were not treated). The best seed germination and seedling growth were obtained in seed soaking treatments in distilled water and potassium nitrate. The greatest percentage and speed germination was observed in treatment of potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 0.5 % for 24 h. The seeds treated with boiling water for 5 and 10 min and sulphuric acid (98% H2SO4) for 3, 5 and 10 min, did not germinate at all. The lowest Mean time to germination was obtained in distilled water for 24h that had no significant difference with distilled water for 48h, potassium nitrate (0.5 and 1%) for 24h. The highest fresh and dry weight of stem was observed in distilled water for 48 h treatment. The greatest root length was related to control, distilled water (48h) and potassium nitrate (1%) treatments. There was no significant difference between the treatments in shoot height. Therefore, pre-treatment of seeds with distilled water or potassium nitrate effective way to improve seed germination of date palm.
ahmad zare; fatemeh deris; zahra karimi
Abstract
In order to response of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) to environmental factors (temperature, drought and salinity), were conducted three separate experiments in 6 replicates in 2019 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. Temperature treatments included ...
Read More
In order to response of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) to environmental factors (temperature, drought and salinity), were conducted three separate experiments in 6 replicates in 2019 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. Temperature treatments included (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C), drought stress (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1 and -1.2 MPa) and salinity stress (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 mM), respectively. The results of Temperature indicated that the highest germination percentage was at 25(94%), 20(93/33%) and 30 °C (92%). The lowest germination percentage was at 35 °C (22.66) and at 40 °C germination completely was inhibited. Based on the estimation of the logistic equation three parameters (x50), germination percentage and germination rate were reduced by 50% at -0.70 and -0.46 -MPa levels of drought stress, respectively. The salinity required to reduce by 50% were in germination percentage (182.35mM and germination rate (130.57mM). the knowledge of seed biology of yellow starthistle can help to manage emergence in the future.
Shayesteh Salehi; Ghorban Noormohammadi
Abstract
In order to quantify the germination characteristics and determine the cardinal temperature of germination of Euphorbia maculata, seeds were placed at constant temperatures (2- 45 °C). Results showed that seed of E.maculata had no germination at temperatures of 2, 5, 10 and 45 ° C, and the temperature ...
Read More
In order to quantify the germination characteristics and determine the cardinal temperature of germination of Euphorbia maculata, seeds were placed at constant temperatures (2- 45 °C). Results showed that seed of E.maculata had no germination at temperatures of 2, 5, 10 and 45 ° C, and the temperature of 30° C was the best temperature for germination seeds (91% Germination percentage). Three models of intersected-line, dent-like segmented and quadratic polynomials were used to estimate the cardinal temperatures. The best model for estimating the cardinal temperatures in E.maculata was intersected-line model with respect to coefficient of determination and mean square error. According to the intersected-line the minimum, optimum and maximum temperatures were calculated 9.8, 28.33 and 43.16 °C. In order to investigate water potential on germination percentage, seeds treated with water potentials (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa) at optimum temperature of 28°C. Baesd on the three-parameter sigmoid method, the value of speed, root length, stem length, seedling fresh weight and dry weight were estimated to be -0.53, -0.48, -0.51, -0.48, -0.52Mpa respectively. According to the hydro-time model based on normal distribution, the hydro-time constant and the base-water potential (which is a threshold for germination beginning) of E.maculata degree were 291.32 (MPa/h) and -1/2 (MPa) at 28 °C, respectively. Thus, this weed species has a great potential for distribution to other areas such as provinces with a dryer climate than Golestan, and the necessary measures to prevent its distribution is necessary.
Samira Parsaie; Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi; H.R. Balouchi; Mahmood Attarzadeh
Abstract
Drought stress on maternal plant can negatively affect germination characteristics of produced seeds, and micronutrients application in this circumstance may mitigate drought impacts and leads to seeds with higher vigor. This research was conducted as two experiments in 2015 in seed laboratory of Yasouj ...
Read More
Drought stress on maternal plant can negatively affect germination characteristics of produced seeds, and micronutrients application in this circumstance may mitigate drought impacts and leads to seeds with higher vigor. This research was conducted as two experiments in 2015 in seed laboratory of Yasouj University. At first experiment the seeds obtained from a former experiment included of three irrigation levels (after 75, 110 and 145 mm evaporation from class A pan) and four foliar applications included of water, zinc sulfate 3000 ppm, boric acid 2000 ppm and mixture of zinc sulfate and boric acid, were evaluated in germination experiments in 30°c. Second experiment was a factorial based on RCD with three replications. First factor was drought stress, by PEG 6000, in three levels (0, -0.2 and -0.4 Mpa), and second factor in eight levels included of seed soaking in water, ZnSo4, H3Bo3 and ZnSo4 + H3Bo3 and seed with high content of Zn , B and Zn+ B and a dry seed as control. First experiment results showed that with delaying in irrigation time, foliar application of micronutrients, compared to water foliar application, significantly increased germination traits. In second experiment, although seed soaking in nutrients, significantly decreased germination indices, but seed with high zinc and boron contents positively affected on germination vigor and antioxidant activities especially under drought stress condition.
Abstract
Carrot is a particularly difficult crop to manage in terms of weed control. For weed management of carrot, seed germination is a key process because it determines both the number of weeds that could potentially emerge and the timing of their appearance in the carrot. This study was done to evaluate two ...
Read More
Carrot is a particularly difficult crop to manage in terms of weed control. For weed management of carrot, seed germination is a key process because it determines both the number of weeds that could potentially emerge and the timing of their appearance in the carrot. This study was done to evaluate two nonlinear regression models (Intersected-lines and Dent-like) to describe response of germination rate to temperature in carrot (Daucus carota L.), common chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.), yellow foxtail (Setaria glauca (L.) P. Beauv.) and canada fleabane (Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.). This experiment was based on completely randomized design with 4 replications at Islamic Azad University, Science Research Branch, in 2015. The seeds were treated with different temperatures (2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45oC). The analysis of variance showed that temperature had a significant effect on all seed germination percentage and germination rates. Intersected-lines model was superior in carrot and Dent-like model was superior for common chickweed, yellow foxtail and canada fleabane. Base, optimum and maximum temperatures were predicted with appropriate model. Base, optimum and maximum temperatures were for carrot 1.67, 22.84, 43.16; common chickweed 3.58, 18.82-19.67, 42.75; yellow foxtail 14.17, 33.75-34.92, 44.86 and canada fleabane 13.74, 31.73-31.94, 44.21ºC, respectively. This results showed that carrot germinated earliest among the studied species, because it had the lowest base temperature, so sooner planting it was caused sooner carrot establishment and less weed competition.
Mahmood Attarzadeh; Hamidreza Balouchi; Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi; amin salehi; Majid Rajaie
Abstract
Reduction in germination and growth can be seen in seeds obtained from mother plants which have experienced water stress. From the other point of view utilization of biological fertilizers under environmental stress, the condition can produce seeds with higher germination capacity. This research was ...
Read More
Reduction in germination and growth can be seen in seeds obtained from mother plants which have experienced water stress. From the other point of view utilization of biological fertilizers under environmental stress, the condition can produce seeds with higher germination capacity. This research was conducted as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. The main factor included of irrigation regimes at three levels included in soil irrigation after 25, 50 and 75% of soil moisture depletion and a sub-factor of phosphorus supply in six levels included of 100% phosphorus requirement from the source of triple superphosphate, 50% phosphorus + arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Mycorrhiza arbuscular fungus, 50% phosphorus + Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and a control test without phosphorus fertilizer. Results showed that in 75% of soil moisture depletion, maximum amounts of germination, seed vigor, root length, stem length and seedling dry weight were obtained from 50% of phosphorus + arbuscular mycorrhiza. At irrigation level of 50 and 75% moisture depletion, the application of 50% phosphorus + arbuscular mycorrhiza made an increase in germination rate and uniformity. The electrical conductivity of Echinacea purpurea seeds showed increasing trend with intensification in drought stress. The results of this study showed that in present study Pseudomonas fluorescens had lower improvement effects on percent and rate of germination and the adjustment of drought adverse effects in compared with arbuscular mycorrhiza.
Samin Lotfi; Mokhtar Ghobadi; Saeid Jalali Honarmand; mohammad Eghbal Ghobadi
Abstract
Percentage and rate of seed germination in laboratory are usually different from field, especially under rainfed conditions. Therefore, to assessment of standard germination test to predict seedling emergence and establishment of lentil, two separate experiments were conducted under laboratory and farm ...
Read More
Percentage and rate of seed germination in laboratory are usually different from field, especially under rainfed conditions. Therefore, to assessment of standard germination test to predict seedling emergence and establishment of lentil, two separate experiments were conducted under laboratory and farm conditions. Eight lentil seed lots (includes four cultivars Kimia, Bilesavar, Qazvin and Local with different storage periods) were evaluated by the standard germination test and the rainfed farm and some indices related to seedling emergence (includes seedling emergence rate, mean time to emergence, mean daily emergence and final emergence percentage) were measured. The results of the laboratory and the farm tests showed that the seed lots were different significantly in terms of seed and seedling vigor characteristics. The correlation coefficients illustrated that the final germination percentage, the normal seedling percentage and the seed storage usage in laboratory test had positive correlations with the seedling emergence percentage in the farm experiment. The mean daily germination and the germination rate in the laboratory test had the positive correlations with the seedling emergence rate in the farm test. So it seems that, the above mentioned traits in standard germination test can use to predict seedling emergence of lentil in rainfed farm.
Mitra Kheybari; Amir Hossein Shirani rad; Saeid Seyfzadeh; Ismaeil Hahidi; Hamid Reza Zakerin
Abstract
This research was done during 2015-2016 as split-plot experiment as RCD with 3 replication in laboratory of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Zanjan. Sowing date of mother plant as main-plot in 3 levels contained: D1: 7 Oct 2011, 2012 D2: 22 Oct 2011, 2012 D3: 6 Nov 2011, 2012 and 10 ...
Read More
This research was done during 2015-2016 as split-plot experiment as RCD with 3 replication in laboratory of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Zanjan. Sowing date of mother plant as main-plot in 3 levels contained: D1: 7 Oct 2011, 2012 D2: 22 Oct 2011, 2012 D3: 6 Nov 2011, 2012 and 10 cultivars of mother plant included: Opera, Karaj3, KR4, GAo96 × Zarfam (1)(2), Okapi × GAo96 (2)(5), Orient × Modena (2)(4), Orient × Modena (5)(4), Okapi × GAo96 (2)(2), Okapi × GAo96 (5)(2) and GAo96 × Zarfam (5)(1) as sub-plots were considered that conducted in a two year experiments as split-plot as base of RCBD. The studied traits included: germination percent, time required for germination, germination rate, root length, shoot length, seedling dry weight. The result of variance analysis showed that sowing date and cultivar simple effect were significant on mentioned traits. Sowing date and cultivar interaction also was significant effect on mention characteristics. The mean comparison of sowing date and cultivar interaction on germination percent demonstrated that Opera, Okapi x GA096 (5)(2) and GA096 x Zarfam (5)(1) each with mean of 100% had the most germination percent in all sowing date. Generally, results revealed that delaying in sowing date resulted to decreased germination percent. Result showed that cultivars and lines that had the highest germination percent also had the longest root and shoot length.
Batool Mahdavi
Abstract
This study was conducted to study germination two species of vetch (Vicia sativa; Vicia pannonica) under temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C) and different water potentials (0, -2, -4, -6, -8 and -10 bar) at the Vali Asr Rafsanjan University laboratory in completely randomized design ...
Read More
This study was conducted to study germination two species of vetch (Vicia sativa; Vicia pannonica) under temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C) and different water potentials (0, -2, -4, -6, -8 and -10 bar) at the Vali Asr Rafsanjan University laboratory in completely randomized design arranged as a factorial with four replications. The segmented function was evaluated to describe the relationship between germination rate and temperature. Results showed base temperature for germination of Vicia pannonica was -3.65 to 1.39, optimum temperature 23.99 to 25.57 and ceiling temperature 30 to 58.54 under different water potentials. The biological hours for germination of this specie were 32.29 to 74.97 hours under different water potentials. Also, base temperature for germination of Vicia sativa was -3.54 to 1.39, optimum temperature 22.70 to 25.64 and ceiling temperature 30 to 42.28 under different water potentials. The biological hour requirements for germination of this specie were between 33.10 to 83.54 hours under different water potentials. The results of germination rate in both species showed that with increasing water potential, germination rate decreased. In all of water potentials germination rate increased to 25°C and then decrease. Estimated parameters and the relations can be used to prediction time to germination or emergence in two species of vetch under different water potentials.
shiva barooti; reza tavakkol afshari; naser majnon hoseini; abbas hashemi
Abstract
To determine the specific temperature of Medicinal Cannabis sativa, the effects of different temperatures on germination, in a laboratory study in a completely randomized design with three replications were studied. Germination response assessment at constant temperatures (3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, ...
Read More
To determine the specific temperature of Medicinal Cannabis sativa, the effects of different temperatures on germination, in a laboratory study in a completely randomized design with three replications were studied. Germination response assessment at constant temperatures (3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45ºC) was conducted. The germinated seeds were counted every day and the rate of germination percentage, cumulative germination and cardinal temperatures diagram of Cannabis sativa seed germination based on 3 regression model including segmented model, Beta model and Dent like model. The results showed that the temperature increase of 3 to 25°C significantly increases the germination rate, while the germination rate did not differ at 25 to 40°C. Also with increasing temperature over 25°C, germination was reduced. Dent like model such as higher accuracy in determining the cardinal temperatures hemp seed germination was compared with other models, Base, optimum and maximum temperature of seed germination of Cannabis sativa based on Dent like model was determined 1, 26-39.3 and 48°C respectively.
