N.A. Sajedi; H. Madani; A. Sajedi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, , Pages 1-14
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different treatments of priming on seedlings traits and seed yield of dryland wheat in labratory and field condition with three replications at the Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, in 2014. The experimental ...
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This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different treatments of priming on seedlings traits and seed yield of dryland wheat in labratory and field condition with three replications at the Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, in 2014. The experimental treatments in labratory were control, seed priming with distillate water and priming with rates of 1, 2 and 3m/L Se conducted in a completely randomized design. In field condition was also used mentiend treatments along with foliar application in a randomized complete block design. The result showed that the minimum mean germination time was 2.62 day in priming with 1m/L Se. Seed priming with distillate water and priming with 1, 2 and 3m/L Se increased seedling length by 28.5, 54.4, 49.1 and 48.5 % , respectively, as compared with control. Seed priming with 3m/L Se increased seedling vigor length index by 1.6 times as compared with control. Seed priming with 3m/L Se increased the plumule dry weight and root dry weight by 44.4 and 46.5% , respectively, as compared with control. Seed priming with 1 m/L Se increased the chlorophyll b by 19.3 as compared with control. The result showed that seed priming with 1 and 2 m/L Se along with foliar application of Se and priming with distillate water along with foliar application of Se increased seed yield by 16.7, 19 and 17.9%, respectively, as compared with control. General results of this trail showed that seed priming with low selenium along with selenium spray under dryland condition, optimum yield of wheat can be achieved.
Mohammad Barzali
Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
In order to evaluate of picking time and vertical distribution of bolls effects on some seed germination and vigor traits and seedling field emergence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Sahel cultivar, two experiments were conducted in Golestan province during 2011-2012 in farm and a laboratory phases. ...
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In order to evaluate of picking time and vertical distribution of bolls effects on some seed germination and vigor traits and seedling field emergence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Sahel cultivar, two experiments were conducted in Golestan province during 2011-2012 in farm and a laboratory phases. In first, farm phases were carried out in factorial experiment based on a complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and two factors. Factors levels was boll picking time (first and second picking) and vertical distribution of bolls (lower, middle and upper parts). Germination and vigor tests was surveyed on these seeds and in second farm study, same seeds was planted under first year farm experiment procedure in order to evaluating of seedling filed emergence percentage, main root length of seedling and seedling vigor index under field condition. Analysis of variance of the first year of the study showed that picking time and vertical distribution of boll had only significant effect on the percent of seed germination but their interaction effect on germinated seed percentage after accelerated ageing test, seed electrical conductivity, germination percent in cool germination test, germination percent in warm germination test and cool warm vigor index were significant. Mean comparison of studied traits indicated that seed volume and seed bulk density of first picking bolls in compare to second picking bolls had effectively more values and seed germination percentage of first picking and middle-located bolls promoted the highest germination percentage. Evaluating of the seed vigor tests results under factors interaction (picking time × vertical distribution of bolls) revealed in accelerated ageing test, the seeds of lower and middle bolls had better germination percentage in compare to other treatments. Results of seedling filed emergence percentage under filed circumstance was indicated that seeds of middle bolls had highest seedling filed emergence percentage but there was no significant different between lower and upper boll seeds on seedling root length size. The highest correlation among germinated seed percentage under field condition was seen with cool germination results. Outcomes of this study were indicated in order to produce high quality seed germination and seed vigor of cotton Sahel cultivar, seed can be removed in first picking and middle bolls
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 1-13
Abstract
To study the effects of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer levels on some seed quality indices of two red kidney bean genotypes, a field experiment was carried out as a split factorial arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main plots were three drought stress ...
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To study the effects of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer levels on some seed quality indices of two red kidney bean genotypes, a field experiment was carried out as a split factorial arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main plots were three drought stress levels [irrigation after 60 (without stress), 90 (mild stress) and 120 (severe stress) mm evaporation from open pan class A] and factorial combinations of N fertilizer at four levels (0, 50, 100, and150 kg N ha-1) and two red bean genotypes (Akhtar and D81083) were assigned in sub-plots. The seeds were evaluated by standard germination test and electrical conductivity (EC) test after harvesting at full ripeness. These experiments were carried out as factorial based on a completely randomized design. Results showed that drought stress decreased normal seedling percentage, root length, shoot length, root weight, shoot weight, and seedling vigor index. Also, application of nitrogen fertilizer increased EC value, root length, shoot length and seedling length vigor index. Generally, germination indices of D81083 in non-stress conditions were better than Akhtar but, there was not significant difference between two genotypes in terms of severe drought stress level
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2013, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of seed size onemergence percentage, seedling establishment and some quantitative characteristics of four Safflower genotypes, (Goldasht, Padideh, Mahalli Esfahan and Sina) and three sizes of seed (small: 2-3mm, large: andgt;3mm and control: no sorting) an experiment ...
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In order to investigate the effect of seed size onemergence percentage, seedling establishment and some quantitative characteristics of four Safflower genotypes, (Goldasht, Padideh, Mahalli Esfahan and Sina) and three sizes of seed (small: 2-3mm, large: andgt;3mm and control: no sorting) an experiment was conducted in the field of Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, during 2008-2009, located in Karaj. The seeds were planted in (4andtimes;3) factorial arrangement based onrandomized complete block design with three replications. The results expressed significant differences among cultivars for all traits except number of plant per plot, also significant differences observed among all sizes for whichcultivars Goldasht and Padideh for most of the traits were superior than other cultivars. According to mean comparison, large seeds with the highest amount of SEP (80.75%), 1000-SW (51.96g), Seed Yield (230.75g/m2 ) were superior compare to control and small seeds. Since Goldasht and Padideh were superior than other cultivars, also creating vigorous seedlings by large seeds, using cultivars with adequate food storage and selecting large seeds with more germination potential to obtain higher yield and good plant establishment recommended
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2012, , Pages 1-19
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of different rates of nitrogen fertilizer on viability and germination indices of three winter canola (Brassica napus L) cultivars, an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement of treatment in four replications. The treatments ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of different rates of nitrogen fertilizer on viability and germination indices of three winter canola (Brassica napus L) cultivars, an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement of treatment in four replications. The treatments included four levels of nitrogen (N) 0(control), 70, 140 and 210 kg ha-1 and three canola cultivars Okapi, Orient and Modena. Results of standard germination test indicated that there was a significant difference between cultivars in terms of germination percentage, seedling dry weight and seedling weight vigor index. The effect of nitrogen was significant on all traits expect seedling weight vigor index. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction between cultivar and nitrogen on germination percentage, seedling length, meangermination time and seedling length vigor index. Additionally it was observed that germination percentage decreased by applying nitrogen in all three cultivars, and the highest germination percentage (98%) was achieved from Okapi cultivar without using nitrogen (control). The highest seedling length vigor index was obtained from Okapi cultivar by applying 210 kg ha-1 nitrogen. Additionally Modena cultivar seeds, produced by using 140 kg ha-1 nitrogen, germinated faster than the other seeds.
M Akhondi; M. Zare Hassanabadi; M.S. Amiri; S. Shabani
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
Myrtus communis (Myrtle) is an important medicinal plant in traditional medicine and cosmetic industry. This plant grows as evergreen shrub at slope regions and prevents soil erosion. Its seeds have elaisosomes, placed in micropile zone after fertilization. Due to dormancy, its rate and percentage of ...
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Myrtus communis (Myrtle) is an important medicinal plant in traditional medicine and cosmetic industry. This plant grows as evergreen shrub at slope regions and prevents soil erosion. Its seeds have elaisosomes, placed in micropile zone after fertilization. Due to dormancy, its rate and percentage of germination is low. This experiment was conducted in Payam nor university of Boshrouyeh, in order to study breaking of seed dormancy and germination of this plant. Seeds of M. communis exposed to different mechanical and chemical treatments including mechanical scarification with sand paper, sulfuric acid 90%, alcohol 96%, potassium nitrate acid 6% and H2O2 2%, each 10 minutes and untreated seeds as control. The results showed significant differences (P<1%) for all traits, including rate and percentage of germination, length of radicle and plumule, seed growth potential and germination energy. Mechanical scarification and sulfuric acid increased percentage of germination significantly (P<5%) in several traits except for germination index. The root-shoot ratio was more in all treatments than control. We concluded the type of seed dormancy is primary and inducible type that related to physical characters of seed coat.
M. Esfandyari; M. Hakimi; M.A. Hakimzadeh Ardakani
Abstract
Germination is the first and the most critical stage of plant growth since the early stages of plant growth, such as germination, seedling growth and establishment play in the evolution of plants important role. In order to evaluate the effects of soil depth and texture on germination and survival of ...
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Germination is the first and the most critical stage of plant growth since the early stages of plant growth, such as germination, seedling growth and establishment play in the evolution of plants important role. In order to evaluate the effects of soil depth and texture on germination and survival of Nepeta asterotricha, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 4 replications was implemented in the Yazd University. The germination of seeds in three different soil textures: light, medium and heavy with three different depths (0.5, 1 and 1.5 cm) were studied. The results showed that the time required to achieve 90% of its maximum germination affected by soil texture significantly) P≤0.05). Soil texture also affected other characteristics (P≤0.01). Depth of planting affected the germination percentage, speed germination, seed vigor, and the time required to achieve 50% of its maximum seed germination (P≤0.01). Among the three studied soil textures, sand texture had the highest germination percentage (67.8 %) and the lowest germination percentage observed in silty clay texture (32.2 %). In addition, check out the various features germination in the three-studied depth showed that at a depth of 0.5 cm all germination parameters had the best results. However, at a depth of 1.5 cm parameters had not significant differences. The highest germination percentage related to sand texture and a depth of 0.5 cm (97 %) and the lowest germination percentage related to 1.5 cm deep and silty clay soil texture (23 %).
H. Khazaei
Abstract
In order to evaluatethe the effects of planting arrangment and methods on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of tomato seed (Lycopersiconesculentum, cv. Karoon), a factorial experiment carried out based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at two locations of Khorasan ...
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In order to evaluatethe the effects of planting arrangment and methods on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of tomato seed (Lycopersiconesculentum, cv. Karoon), a factorial experiment carried out based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at two locations of Khorasan Razavi province in 2012. Three inter row space including 120, 140 and 160 centimeters, three intra plant space including 30, 40 and 50 centimeters, and also two planting methods including one and two row per ridge were selected as treatments. Traits under consideration were fruit and seed yield, number of fruit per plant, number of seed per fruit, thousand seed weight, hectolitre weight, percentage and rate of germination. Compound analysis of variance for locations showed that increasing in inter row space from 120 to 160 centimeters had a significant increase in number of fruit per plant and number of seed per fruit 11.4 and 9.6 percent, respectively. Decreasing in intra plant space from 50 to 30 centimeters showed a significant decrease in number of fruit per plant, number of seed per fruit, thousand seed weight and hectolitre weight 20.7, 11.1, 4.5 and 3.9 percent, respectively. Two row per ridge had a significant decreasing in number of fruit per plant, number of seed per fruit, thousand seed weight and hectolitre weight 6.3, 7.8, 4.1 and 1.8 percent, respectively. The highest and lowest fruit and seed yield were obtained in Rokh (two row per ridge and 120×30 cm planting pattern) and Toroq (one row per ridge and 140×50 cm planting pattern) regions, respectively with 2.7 and 3.1 times difference. Generally, two row arrangement method and 150×30 centimeters planting pattern have positive effect on seed quantity and quality criteria.
Batool Mahdavi
Abstract
This study was conducted to study germination two species of vetch (Vicia sativa; Vicia pannonica) under temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C) and different water potentials (0, -2, -4, -6, -8 and -10 bar) at the Vali Asr Rafsanjan University laboratory in completely randomized design ...
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This study was conducted to study germination two species of vetch (Vicia sativa; Vicia pannonica) under temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C) and different water potentials (0, -2, -4, -6, -8 and -10 bar) at the Vali Asr Rafsanjan University laboratory in completely randomized design arranged as a factorial with four replications. The segmented function was evaluated to describe the relationship between germination rate and temperature. Results showed base temperature for germination of Vicia pannonica was -3.65 to 1.39, optimum temperature 23.99 to 25.57 and ceiling temperature 30 to 58.54 under different water potentials. The biological hours for germination of this specie were 32.29 to 74.97 hours under different water potentials. Also, base temperature for germination of Vicia sativa was -3.54 to 1.39, optimum temperature 22.70 to 25.64 and ceiling temperature 30 to 42.28 under different water potentials. The biological hour requirements for germination of this specie were between 33.10 to 83.54 hours under different water potentials. The results of germination rate in both species showed that with increasing water potential, germination rate decreased. In all of water potentials germination rate increased to 25°C and then decrease. Estimated parameters and the relations can be used to prediction time to germination or emergence in two species of vetch under different water potentials.
M. Amirkhani
Abstract
Evaluation of necessary and sufficient population number of a species in seed collection program requires knowledge of genetic diversity and differentiation. This study evaluated seed morphology and seed storage proteins profiles of 11 boxwood (Buxus hyrcana) populations, to determine the extent of genetic ...
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Evaluation of necessary and sufficient population number of a species in seed collection program requires knowledge of genetic diversity and differentiation. This study evaluated seed morphology and seed storage proteins profiles of 11 boxwood (Buxus hyrcana) populations, to determine the extent of genetic diversity. Seed morphology and seed storage proteins analysis of variance showed considerable variation with no geographical clines among populations. Hierarchical cluster analysis (UPGMA) of both markers showed that populations sampled from far west (samandkish, Gilan province) and far East (Bandargaz, Glestan province) of Hyrcanian forests were grouped together, however neighbor populations, Namakabrud1 and 2, grouped separately. The results could be due to the phenomenon of fragmentation of boxwood populations. Therefore seed collection from selective populations can lead to the loss of some genes and change genetic structure, indicating the importance of collecting seeds from local ecotypes. In other word seed collection only from a population in each Eco-geoghraphial region is not sufficient and often the populations that located in a same Eco-geoghraphial region may have different genetic structure. These results showed that to avoid genetic erosion of boxwood germplasm, Natural Resources Gene Bank of Iran needs to collect seed from more populations in each Eco-geographical region.
Hassan Akhgari; Behzad Kaviani
Abstract
Priming has an important role on vigority of seed and plantlet. The first factor was two rice cultivars (Khazar and Hashemi) and the second one was ten priming treatment levels (T1-T10). Examination of seed vigority and seedling assessment was carried out according to the ISTA protocol. Results showed ...
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Priming has an important role on vigority of seed and plantlet. The first factor was two rice cultivars (Khazar and Hashemi) and the second one was ten priming treatment levels (T1-T10). Examination of seed vigority and seedling assessment was carried out according to the ISTA protocol. Results showed that the root fresh weight (14.7 mg) and root number (5) was higher in Khazar than those of Hashemi. The required time (hour) for reach to 50% germination (R50) was 50 hours for Khazar and 41 hours for Hashemi, accordingly Hashemi was more uniformity in germination than Khazar. Priming treatment with KCl created the highest electrical conductivity. The minimum time duration to reach to 5, 10 and 50% of germination with 13, 16 and 32 hours, respectively was related to hydro-priming treatment. Also, the highest germination rate was related to hydro-priming. Minimum required time duration until reach to 95% germination with 66 hours was calculated in hydro-priming of Hashemi. Most plantlet establishment on 20th day after cultivation in field was related to without priming-treated seed. Hydro-priming treatment is recommended to user due to low cost and positive effectiveness on acceleration and uniformity of germination in Hashemi.
Seyed Jalal Azari; Mahdi Parsa; A. Nezami; Reza Tavakkol Afshari; Jafar Nabati
Abstract
In order to determine the cardinal temperatures for seed germination of two lentil cultivars(Robat and Calposh) a factorial experimental were conducted base on completely randomized design with four replications. Germination temperatures includes 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C and different priming ...
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In order to determine the cardinal temperatures for seed germination of two lentil cultivars(Robat and Calposh) a factorial experimental were conducted base on completely randomized design with four replications. Germination temperatures includes 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C and different priming includes: control(non-priming), Gibberellic Acid(C19H22O6) 100 mg.l-1, Potassium Nitrate(KNO3) 500 mg.l-1, Zinc Sulfate(ZnSO4)100 mg.l-1, Dayan Seed Solution four ml.l-1 and Hydroperiming. The cumulative germination percentage and 50% germination rate were calculated and cardinal temperature diagrams of seed germination of two lentil varieties were plotted based on three regression models(Intersected line, Quadratic Plynomial and Dent- Like). The results showed that cumulative germination percentage and 50% germination rate were significantly affected by priming, cultivar, priming time, interaction of priming and cultivar, priming and time. The highest percentage of cumulative germination was obtained in interaction of Robat cultivar at 10°C. The highest germination rate of 50% was obtained in the interaction between Calposh cultivar and Gibberellic Acid. Among the models, the dent-like model had higher correlation coefficient in priming treatments. According to this model, the base temperature, lower optimum temperature, optimum upper and maximum values for Robat cultivar were 0.46, 23.82, 30.50 and 36.98, respectively, and for Calposh cultivar 1.44, 23.46, 30.30 and 36.87 °C. In generally, Robat cultivar is more cold tolerance than the Calposh cultivar and has a lower base temperature and Robat cultivar had higher vigor seed. Finally, the priming could reduce the cardinal temperatures of both cultivars and increase their germination ability at the lower temperatures.
atfeh hoseini; َAli Moradi; H.R. Balouchi
Abstract
In order to investigate seed bio-priming effects on some germination index of Pimpinella anisum L. under drought stress, this research was done in genetic lab at Agriculture department of Yasouj University. The experiment was factorial with two factor based on CRD design in 4 replications and in each ...
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In order to investigate seed bio-priming effects on some germination index of Pimpinella anisum L. under drought stress, this research was done in genetic lab at Agriculture department of Yasouj University. The experiment was factorial with two factor based on CRD design in 4 replications and in each Petri dishe 30 seeds were planted. First factor was seed bio-priming with nine level (on bio-priming, 4 Bactria strain (P.fluorescent), fluorescent (CHA0), 1) P.F (, 2) P.F (, 16) B (and 52 (B)) and 4 strain of T.harzianum (T29, T32, T43, T36 and T39) and second factor include osmotic potential of drought stress in 3 levels (0, -3 and -6 bar). The evaluated traits in this study included germination percentage, germination rate, seedling length, dry weight, seedling vigour index (weight and length) and alometric coefficient. Results of test showed that increasing drought stress, decreased seed germination indexes, and bio-priming couldn’t improve these indexes than non-priming seeds, therefore in each of drought stress potential, T36 has the maximum germination percentage (83.88), germination rate (4.7), seedling length vigor index (10), seedling dry weight (8.07), and seedling weight vigor index (15.25) and not primed seeds have the lowest amount of this traits. According to the results, it can be stated that the application of bio-priming treatment can moderately reduce the adverse effects of drought stress in the germination stage of pimpinella anisum L.
Hossein Reza Rouhi; Ali Sepehri
Abstract
Seed deterioration is an important factor in reducing of physiological seed quality that it increased the severity of damage in adverse environmental conditions. The effects of hydrogen peroxide to improve physiological and antioxidant enzyme activities in aged groundnut seeds under drought stress were ...
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Seed deterioration is an important factor in reducing of physiological seed quality that it increased the severity of damage in adverse environmental conditions. The effects of hydrogen peroxide to improve physiological and antioxidant enzyme activities in aged groundnut seeds under drought stress were studied. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was done. Priming of different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0, 50, 100 and 150 µM) under 0, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8MPa drought stress levels were evaluated. The results showed that seed priming with hydrogen peroxide in different drought levels increased some traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, vigour index, plumule and radicle length, soluble carbohydrates and protein contents and antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). While it decreased mean germination time, electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content in comparison to nonprime seeds. So seed priming with 50 and 100 µM of hydrogen peroxide in -0.8MPa level increased germination rate, vigor index , soluble carbohydrates and proteins, respectively by 27.89, 93.24, 71.42, 46.12, 27.06, 76.73, 30.26 and 51.04% compared to nonprimed seeds. Also, it increased activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase, respectively by 26.37, 8.79, 39.07, 15.43, 5.28 and 21.51% compared to non-primed seeds. Therefore, the use of 50 mM hydrogen peroxide to reduce the negative effects caused by deterioration in drought stress is recommended.
Hamid Jabbari; Hossein Zeinalzadeh Tabrizi; Mehran Enayati shariatpanahi
Abstract
This experiment was conducted in a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with three replications. 24 canola genotypes (13 varieties and 11 double haploid lines) at four levels of soil moisture including 80, 50, 30 and 20% field capacity (FC) were evaluated in pots in the greenhouse ...
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This experiment was conducted in a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with three replications. 24 canola genotypes (13 varieties and 11 double haploid lines) at four levels of soil moisture including 80, 50, 30 and 20% field capacity (FC) were evaluated in pots in the greenhouse of seed and plant improvement Institute in Karaj during 2017. The growth of the shoot was more affected by different levels of soil moisture in comparison to the root growth that indicating a greater sensitivity of the stem length compared to the root length in response to the low water stress. Therefore, the root-shoot ratio can be an appropriate index for assessing the water stress tolerance. The results showed that cultivars such as Oase, Triangle, Tassilo and Savanah, had very high stability under stress conditions, but due to small amounts of the first and second components, they were classified as susceptible to water deficit stress. Also, SLM046 and Billy had the least stability in traits under water deficit stress at germination stage. Due to the non-separation of the three levels of soil moisture (80%, 50% and 30% FC), were not suitable for selection and only 20% FC was identified as the appropriate condition for selecting the ideal genotype. Therefore, between genotypes that were located in a 20% FC, based on the 'which-won-where' pattern, GKH 2005 was identified as the superior genotype.
Milad Razaji; Azra Ataei Azimi; Babak Delnavaz Hashemloian
Abstract
The aim of this study was the evolution of effects of seed coating with starch (amylose) and agar on germination and physiological indexes in alkaline stress. This factorial study was conducted in a randomized block design. Factors included seed coating at three levels (control, agar and starch coat) ...
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The aim of this study was the evolution of effects of seed coating with starch (amylose) and agar on germination and physiological indexes in alkaline stress. This factorial study was conducted in a randomized block design. Factors included seed coating at three levels (control, agar and starch coat) and alkaline stress (the mediums with pH values of 6-10 with sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate with values of 0-90 mMol). By sowing seeds for 7 days in petri dishes and 20 days in pots, seed potency, amylase activity, germination rate, growth, minerals and chlorophyll a and b were evaluated. Starch and agar reduced the effect of alkali stress. They increased seed potency (84%), amylase activity (53 mg / min), germination rate (11.32 seeds per day) and growth (23 cm) in medium with pH = 10 with a significant difference.also they prevented the decomposition of chlorophyll and reduces the absorption of minerals. Starch coating was more suitable for sowing seeds under normal conditions and alkaline stress, and agar coating was more suitable for maintaining seed vigor and seedling growth in higher amounts of alkaline.
Ebrahim Sharifi Ashoorabadi; maryam Mackizadeh Tafti; Jamal Hasani; Mohammad Hossine Lebaschy
Abstract
To investigate of tolerance levels and screening of different thyme species to the temperature stresses, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the vitro condition. The experiment was conducted using six Thymus species (Th. fallax, Th. fedtschenkoi, ...
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To investigate of tolerance levels and screening of different thyme species to the temperature stresses, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the vitro condition. The experiment was conducted using six Thymus species (Th. fallax, Th. fedtschenkoi, Th. pubescens,Th. vulgaris, Th. daenensis and Th. kotschyanus), at two moisture levels (dry and wet) and at 15 temperature levels (from -8 ° C to 48 ° C with an increase of 4 ° C). Measured characteristics included germination percentage and mean germination time. According to the results, the highest germination percentage belonged to Th. pubescens (70.83%) and Th.daenensis (70.44%) and the lowest germination percentage belonged to Th. vulgaris (53.04%). The average percentage of germination of seeds in dry condition (74.66%) was significantly higher than wet condition (56.12%). The highest germination percentage was observed at -4 (79.44%), zero (78.33%) and 4 (79.72%) Celsius that had significant differences with others. Interactions of species with moisture conditions showed, the highest germination percentage related to Th. kotschyanus (79.40%), Th. pubescens (78.95%), Th. daenensis (78.08%) and Th. falax (77.53%) in dry conditions and the lowest germination percentage belonged to Th. vulgaris (45.46%) in wet conditions.Using the results, different species of Thymus can be screened for temperature tolerance in dry and humid conditions and recommended for cultivation in different regions. In this experiment, native species were more resistant to temperature stresses.
B. Shadkam; Mohammed Hussain gharineh; Amin Lotfi Jalal Abadi; Seyed Amir Moosavi
Abstract
Salinity is one of the main limiting factors for seed germination and seedling growth. The use of nutrients in priming treatment is known as an effective way to improve seed yield In this regard, a factorial experiment was conducted in the Khuzestan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, ...
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Salinity is one of the main limiting factors for seed germination and seedling growth. The use of nutrients in priming treatment is known as an effective way to improve seed yield In this regard, a factorial experiment was conducted in the Khuzestan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, based on randomize complete design with three replications. Priming treatment with nano and micro magnesium was performed at five concentrations zero, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg /litr, sepcratly. The durations of 12 and 24 hour were used for seed priming and salinity stress levels were zero, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mM made with sodium chloride. The results showed that increasing salinity stress declined hyssop seeds resistance and reduced the germination characteristics of this plant. Priming with 400 mg/litr magnesium microclate produced the highest germination percentage of 89.3%, average germination time of 5.9, seed vigor of 27.2 and root length of 24 mm. The highest germination rate (0.461 per day) and shoot length (18 mm) were observed in control and 400 mg/litr of nano-chelate, respectively. Results showed that nutrient seed priming with micochelate effectively alleviated salinity stress effects and improved seed germination properties compared to nanochelate magnesium. The optimum seed priming treatment obtained from 400 mg/litr micro chelate magnesium for 12 hours.
Nafiseh Sheibany; Sina Fallah; Hossien Barani-Beiranvand; Aliyeh Salehi
Abstract
IIn order to evaluate the potential of germination and initial seedling growth of soybean seeds fed with zinc oxide nanoparticles, two experiments (in growth chamber and soil) were performed at Shahrekord University in 2020. The treatments in the maternal plant included different compounds of zinc (zinc ...
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IIn order to evaluate the potential of germination and initial seedling growth of soybean seeds fed with zinc oxide nanoparticles, two experiments (in growth chamber and soil) were performed at Shahrekord University in 2020. The treatments in the maternal plant included different compounds of zinc (zinc oxide nanoparticles with sizes of 38, 59 nm and zinc chloride) and different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg soil). With increasing the concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles, especially 38 nm nanoparticles at a concentration of 200 mg/kg, germination percentage and germination rate (67 and 89%, respectively), radicle length and weight (133 and 356%, respectively), plumule length and weight (135 and 103%, respectively) and as a result, seedling vigor index increased (291%). Significant increase in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids (28, 333 and 73%, respectively), plant height (41%), leaf area (66%), shoot weight (167%) of seedlings of soybeans fed with 200 mg/kg ZnO 38-nm was observed but at a concentration of 500 mg/kg of zinc compounds the toxic effects on soybean seedlings was observed. In general, it is concluded that feeding soybean plant with zinc oxide nanoparticles can be very effective in increasing the vigor of produced seed.
Roya Behboud
Abstract
In spite of optimal qualitative traits of sweet corn plant, its cultivation is limited due to some problems in germination, poor vigor, seed wrinkling and seedling weak establishment in the soil, using mineral compounds in seed coating could improve germination and seedling growth indices, and physical ...
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In spite of optimal qualitative traits of sweet corn plant, its cultivation is limited due to some problems in germination, poor vigor, seed wrinkling and seedling weak establishment in the soil, using mineral compounds in seed coating could improve germination and seedling growth indices, and physical characteristics of sweet corn seeds. In order to improve efficacy of sweet corn seed using seed coating, this experiment was conducted based on three-factor factorial in a completely randomized design with four replications of 25 seeds at the laboratory at the Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Yasouj University, Iran, in 2018. The first factor included the concentrations of chitosan solutions (zero- 0.3% acetic acid, 0.5 and 0.75%), the second factor was gum arabic (zero- distilled water and 0.4%) and the third factor was V10K2.5P5 coating composition (10, 2.5 and 5 fold to seed weight respectively in Vermiculite (V), kaolin (K) and perlite (P)) and no coating treatment. The interaction effect showed that that the highest seedling length vigor index (183.24) was related to the coating treatment of gum arabic 0.4% and coating composition of V10K2.5P5 that had a significant difference with a treatment that had the lowest seedling length vigor index (85.70) from the coating treatment gum arabic 0.4% and no coating composition. The overall results showed that the coating treatment of chitosan 0.5% + coating composition of V10K2.5P5 + gum arabic 0.4% was more effective treatment on germination indices and seedling and physical characteristics of sweet corn seeds compared to other treatments.
Bahman Ahmadvand; F. Sharifzadeh; Mojtaba Mirabzadeh Ardakani
Abstract
In this research, Sesame (Sesamum indicum L var.shevin) seed germination characteristics under drought stress conditions influenced by different seed priming treatments were investigated. In two separate experiments, germination responses to different temperatures (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ...
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In this research, Sesame (Sesamum indicum L var.shevin) seed germination characteristics under drought stress conditions influenced by different seed priming treatments were investigated. In two separate experiments, germination responses to different temperatures (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ° C) and also different drought stresses (water potentials of -9, -11, -13 and -15 bar) were considered. Based on the results, 25 ° C was determined as optimum germination temperature. The -11 bar water potential was also determined as drought stress. Hydropriming and osmopriming of the seeds were performed at three temperatures of 20, 25 and 30 ° C. The duration of priming was determined based on the priming temperature and type. Calcium chloride osmopriming treatment was performed in three concentrations of 1, 2 and 3 mM. The seeds were primed using potassium nitrate in three concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%. After priming using the mentioned treatments, the seeds were dried out to initial seed moisture content and then subjected to drought stress (-11 bar) during germination period to determine the best priming treatments. Priming treatments significantly improved seed germination characteristics under drought stress. Overall, The results of this experiment demonstrated that use of hydropriming for the seeds of sesame had the highest germination features. So this treatment can be presented as an appropriate treatment for this plant as it is cost-effective, safe and eco-friendly.
Reza Rezvani; Alireza Dadkhah
Abstract
This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of different organs of harmel (Peganum harmala) on the growth and germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium album in two experiments (laboratory and greenhouse) respectively, based on CRD with three replications ...
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This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of different organs of harmel (Peganum harmala) on the growth and germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium album in two experiments (laboratory and greenhouse) respectively, based on CRD with three replications and RCBD with four replications. The treatments included aqueous harmel extracts in concentrations of 10% and 20% root, 10% and 20% Aerial organ and control. with increasing extract concentration, the growth traits and total chlorophyll of both plants decreased significantly. The highest and lowest levels of inhibition rates were associated with 20% stem extract and 10% root extract, respectively, but total soluble sugars and antioxidant activity of weeds increased with increasing levels of harmel root and stem extract. shoot extract decreased the germination speed in Chenopodium and Amaranthus by 87.35% and 91.22%, respectively, compared to the control. In Amaranthus the length index of the plant by 63.33% and 96.67% respectively. the highest root and shoot concentrations (20%) decreased. The length of root by 50.49 and 86.94%, In Amaranthus and 47.87 and 81.80% in Chenopodium compared to the control. The highest total soluble sugar was observed at the level of 20% of the stem, and Amaranthus had more total soluble sugar with an increase of 64.9% compared to the control. Most traits in Amaranthus were more sensitive to the allelopathic effects of harmel compared to Chenopodium. extract of shoot was stronger than the root extract, which can be used in the preparation of herbicides with natural sources.
Amin Haghighi; seyed ata Siadat; Ali Moshatati; Seyed Amir Moosavi
Abstract
In order to study the effect of auxin hormone priming on seed germination indices and seedling growth of triticale under salt stress, an experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications in seed science and technology laboratory of plant production ...
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In order to study the effect of auxin hormone priming on seed germination indices and seedling growth of triticale under salt stress, an experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications in seed science and technology laboratory of plant production and genetics engineering department of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in 2018. Experimental factors were auxin hormone priming (control (no priming), 5 μM auxin in 3 hours, 10 μM auxin in 3 hours, 20 μM auxin in 3 hours, 40 μM auxin in 3 hours, 5 μM auxin in 6 hours, 10 μM auxin in 6 hours, 20 μM auxin in 6 hours and 40 μM auxin in 6 hours) and different salinity levels (include 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 dS/m). The analysis of variance showed that the effect of priming, salinity stress and the interaction effect of them were significant on all measured traits (except germination percetage) in 1 percent probability level. The comparison of means showed that salinity stress decreased germination traits but hormone priming reduced the negative effect of salinity stress and improved different germination indices. Also, the best concentration of Auxin hormone priming was at 20 μM for 3 hours.
Mohammad Pichand; Ghasem Ali Dianati Tilaki; Hossein Moradi; Mohammadali alizadeh
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth, which has a negative effect on seed germination, poor product quality and plant yield. Halopriming, soaking seeds in salt solution and a treatment before cultivation and as one of the priming methods, increases the germination ...
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Salinity stress is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth, which has a negative effect on seed germination, poor product quality and plant yield. Halopriming, soaking seeds in salt solution and a treatment before cultivation and as one of the priming methods, increases the germination and uniform greening of seeds under adverse environmental conditions. To study the effect of different levels of halopriming on the germination characteristics of the medicinal plant salvia aegyptiaca under salt stress, a factorial experiment in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications was performed in the seed technology laboratory of the faculty of Natural Resources of Tarbiat Modares University in 2021. In this experiment, the first factor includes different levels of halopriming with four levels (0, 80, 150 and 250 mM) of NaCl solution and the second factor includes different levels of salinity (0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl) was investigated and different traits including germination percentage, germination rate, average time of germination, root length, shoot length and seed germination index were evaluated. Results showed that seed priming positively affected on all germination characteristics in such a way that it created a significant difference in all growth characteristics. The highest seed germination percentage (91.33) was obtained in 80 mM priming treatment and no stress conditions. In this study, the increase in salinity stress caused a significant decrease in the percentage of seed germination, and in the conditions of salinity stress, seed halopriming effectively reduced the effects of salinity stress
Amirreza Akbarfakhrabadi; R. Tavakkol Afshari; Majid Tolyat Abolhasani
Abstract
The Henbane (Hyoscyamus SPP.) belongs to the potato genus and due to the presence of alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine, it affects the human nervous system. Among the annual and perennial species of this genus, five of them are endemic in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine ...
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The Henbane (Hyoscyamus SPP.) belongs to the potato genus and due to the presence of alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine, it affects the human nervous system. Among the annual and perennial species of this genus, five of them are endemic in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the cardinal temperatures and evaluate the germination response of five seed ecotypes (Hyoscyamus SPP.) to water temperature and potential. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. Experimental treatments were run according to eight temperature levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40°c) and six water potential levels (0, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.9 MPa). The results showed that with decreasing water potential, the percentage and germination rate of Ecotypes decreased. Estimation of cardinal temperatures showed that the base temperature and ceiling temperature of the five studied Ecotypes were the same and were equal to 8 and about 40 ° C, respectively. Furthermore, the optimum temperature of these Ecotypes was recorded in the range of 25-35 ° C. The Dashty Ecotype had a wider optimum temperature range. According to R2 and RMSE statistics, the Dent-like model well describes the germination rate response of the studied ecotypes to temperature and water potential.