N.A. Sajedi; H. Madani; A. Sajedi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 1-14
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different treatments of priming on seedlings traits and seed yield of dryland wheat in labratory and field condition with three replications at the Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, in 2014. The experimental ...
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This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different treatments of priming on seedlings traits and seed yield of dryland wheat in labratory and field condition with three replications at the Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, in 2014. The experimental treatments in labratory were control, seed priming with distillate water and priming with rates of 1, 2 and 3m/L Se conducted in a completely randomized design. In field condition was also used mentiend treatments along with foliar application in a randomized complete block design. The result showed that the minimum mean germination time was 2.62 day in priming with 1m/L Se. Seed priming with distillate water and priming with 1, 2 and 3m/L Se increased seedling length by 28.5, 54.4, 49.1 and 48.5 % , respectively, as compared with control. Seed priming with 3m/L Se increased seedling vigor length index by 1.6 times as compared with control. Seed priming with 3m/L Se increased the plumule dry weight and root dry weight by 44.4 and 46.5% , respectively, as compared with control. Seed priming with 1 m/L Se increased the chlorophyll b by 19.3 as compared with control. The result showed that seed priming with 1 and 2 m/L Se along with foliar application of Se and priming with distillate water along with foliar application of Se increased seed yield by 16.7, 19 and 17.9%, respectively, as compared with control. General results of this trail showed that seed priming with low selenium along with selenium spray under dryland condition, optimum yield of wheat can be achieved.
R. Seyed Sharifi; F. Lotfollah; M. Sedghi; R. Seyed Sharifi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 15-26
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of free living nitrogen fixing bacteria application and time of nitrogen spraying on contribution of stem reserves in grain yield, rate and effective grain filling period of Triticale, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design ...
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In order to investigate the effects of free living nitrogen fixing bacteria application and time of nitrogen spraying on contribution of stem reserves in grain yield, rate and effective grain filling period of Triticale, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2012. Treatments consisted of different nitrogen spraying times in four levels (no spraying as control, spraying in boot stage, ear emergence, grain filling period) and seed inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in four levels containing (without inoculation as control, seed inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum strain 5, Azospirillum lipoferum strain OF, Psedomunas putida strain 9). Results indicated that spraying time of nitrogen fertilizer and seed inoculation with free living nitrogen fixing bacteria had significant effects on yield, yield components, rate and effective grain filling period of Triticale. Maximum of grain weight (0/054 gr) and effective grain filling period (34.17 days) were obtained in seed inoculation with Azotobacter× nitrogen spraying in boot stage. Maximum of contribution of stem reserves in grain yield (30.63 %) was obtained in no nitrogen spraying × no seed inoculation with PGPR and minimum of it (8.12 and 8.13 %) were obtained in nitrogen spraying in boot stage × seed inoculation with Azotobacter and spraying in ear emergence × seed inoculation with Azotobacter. It seems that in order to increase the grain yield,rate and effective grain filling period of Triticale, it can be suggested that nitrogen spraying is applied in boot stage and seed inoculation with Azotobacter
P. Bayat; M. Ghobadi; M.E. Ghobadi; Gh.R. Mohammadi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 27-38
Abstract
ABSTRACT In order to study the ability of standard germination test to predict emergence and establishment of chickpea seedlings in field, an experiment was conducted under two conditions using thirteen seed lots of chickpea in laboratory and research field at the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, ...
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ABSTRACT In order to study the ability of standard germination test to predict emergence and establishment of chickpea seedlings in field, an experiment was conducted under two conditions using thirteen seed lots of chickpea in laboratory and research field at the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, in 2012. In laboratory, thirteen seed lots of chickpea belonged to seven cultivars were planted as a randomized complete design with four replications using International Seed Testing Association methods. In this test, different indices related to seed and seedling vigor were evaluated. These seed lots were also planted under field condition in a randomized complete block design with four replications and percentage and rate of seedling emergence were evaluated. The results of analysis of variance in the laboratory test showed that seed lots differed significantly in final germination percentage, strong seedling percentage, abnormal seedling percentage, not-germinated seeds percentage, mean time germination, germination rate, germination index, seedling vigor index. Comparison of laboratory and field experiments showed that the new seed lots had higher germination characteristics than the old seed lots. Correlation between measured traits in standard germination test under laboratory condition with field condition showed that the percentage and rate of seedling emergence had higher correlation with final germination percentage, seedling strong percentage and seedling vigor index. Thus, the standard germination test had high ability for predict percentage and rate of seedling emergence in field
H. Khazaei
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 39-50
Abstract
In order to compare the seed characteristics of wheat seed lots stored in outdoor, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was carried out at three wheat seed purchasing and processing centers located in Mashhad, Torbat-e-Heydaryie and Torbat-e-Jam for one ...
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In order to compare the seed characteristics of wheat seed lots stored in outdoor, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was carried out at three wheat seed purchasing and processing centers located in Mashhad, Torbat-e-Heydaryie and Torbat-e-Jam for one year from June 2005. The First factor was three wheat varieties including Falat, Chamran, Cascojen and the second factor was duration of wheat seed storage in outdoor for 0, 15, 30 and 45 days before processing. Moisture content, hectolitre weight, seed loss percentage while processing, germination percentage before and after accelerated aging test, seedling vigor index and germination rate were evaluated. Accelerated aging test was done before determine the germination percentage, seedling vigor index and germination rate test. Compound analysis of variance for locations showed that effect of variety in moisture content and seedling vigor index was significant, and the effect of storage duration except for hectolitre weight in all traits were also significant. Between the time of purchase until 45 days after it, seed loss percentage increased about 1.9 percent and moisture content and germination percentage were decreased before and after accelerated aging test, also seedling vigor index and germination rate were exposed to a reduction by 5.11, 4.89, 10.26 percent and 314.41, 0.036 unit, respectively. In addition cv. Chamran was less tolerate to outdoor storage conditions compared to Cascojen and Falat.
J. Zad; S. Rahmanpour; V. Rahjoo; S. Jafarpour; P. Hemmati
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 51-62
Abstract
The contamination of canola seeds to various fungal agents is important like other crops and it is varied annually. Diseases like blackleg and sclerotinia stem rot are considered as the most important diseases in Iran. The possibility of their direct spread through seed contaminations and indirect spread ...
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The contamination of canola seeds to various fungal agents is important like other crops and it is varied annually. Diseases like blackleg and sclerotinia stem rot are considered as the most important diseases in Iran. The possibility of their direct spread through seed contaminations and indirect spread through infected debris in seed masses will have danger of their development. For investigating canola seed contamination to fungal agents, seed samples were collected from seed parties of canola grown in cold areas including Alborz, Kermanshah and Markazi provinces. The surface of seeds were observed to differentiate and separate different abnormal appearances including wrinkle, presence of cracks, oozes, hyphal shape particles, and black spots. The presence of sclerotia of stem rots disease causal agent, and plant debris containing pycnidia of blackleg disease were checked in seed samples using stereo microscope. The identification of fungi on the seeds was done with and without surface disinfection processes. The plant debris in non-sieved seed samples did not have structures similar to pycnidia of blackleg disease. The results obtained demonstrated that the seed samples were contaminated to fungi including Penicillium sp., Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., and Rhizopus sp..
M. Jamali; Y. Sadeh; R. Tavakkol Afshari; A. Asadi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 63-74
Abstract
In order to investigate and determine the best laboratory test for predicting seedling emergence of canola (Brassica napus L.) in field conditions, two experiments were conducted using three canola cultivars (RG003, Sarigol and Zarfam). In the first experiment, different laboratory tests including standard ...
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In order to investigate and determine the best laboratory test for predicting seedling emergence of canola (Brassica napus L.) in field conditions, two experiments were conducted using three canola cultivars (RG003, Sarigol and Zarfam). In the first experiment, different laboratory tests including standard germination (SG), germination rate (GR), seedling dry weight (SDW), seedling length (SL), accelerated aging (AA) and electrical conductivity (EC) were conducted as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. In the second experiment a randomized complete block design with three replications was used in field conditions. The results indicated that there was not any significant differences between cultivars in terms of SG and GR. Similarly, there was not significant differences between cultivars in terms of SDW, SL and EC after AA for 24 hours at 41 °C. But, GR, EC, SL and SG after AA for 24 and 48 hours at 41 °C showed significant differences among the cultivars. Generally, the results of this study indicated that EC, SG and AA for 24 and 48 at 41 °C can well predict the percentage of canola seedling emergence in field conditions. Therefore, these tests can be suggested for prediction of canola seedling emergence
S.A. Noorhosseini; M.N. Safarzadeh; S.M. Sadeghi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 75-91
Abstract
To study the effect of production region and seed weight on some characteristics related with germinability and seedling vigour of peanut seeds, a research was performed in three peanut fields in Astaneh Ashrafieh and agronomy laboratory of Rasht branch Islamic Azad University during 2010 to 2012. This ...
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To study the effect of production region and seed weight on some characteristics related with germinability and seedling vigour of peanut seeds, a research was performed in three peanut fields in Astaneh Ashrafieh and agronomy laboratory of Rasht branch Islamic Azad University during 2010 to 2012. This research was carried out using the standard germination test, cold and accelerated aging. For all tests a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design in 3 replications was used. First factor was seed production region in 3 levels (Noghredeh, Amshal and Bandar-Kiyashahr) and second factor was seed weight in 3 levels [heavy (seeds heavier than 1 g), medium (seeds between 0.8 and 0.1 g) and light (seeds lighter than 0.8 g)]. The studied characteristics were including: final germination percentage, seedling vigour, radicle dry weight, hypocotyl dry weight, plumule dry weight, cotyledons dry weight and seedling dry weight. Results indicated that effect of region on the final germination percentage, seedling vigour and radicle dry weight were significant in all tests. Peanut seed weights also had a significant effect on radicle dry weight, hypocotyl dry weight, plumule dry weight, cotyledons dry weight and seedling dry weight in all tests. Interaction of the region and seed weight on the seedling vigour of peanut seeds was significant in all tests. In accelerated ageing test, this interaction was significant on all the studied characteristics except for cotyledons dry weight. Mean comparison of studied characteristics also indicated that the greatest amount of studied parameters was observed from heavier seeds of Amshal region. The maximum germination percentage was detected in seeds produced in Amshal region with average of 86.67%. Also, maximum seedling vigour was achieved in heavy seeds produced in Amshal region with an average 54.24 (standard germination).
S.M. Seyyedi; P. Rezvani Moghaddam; M. Khajeh Hosseini; H. Shahandeh
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 93-105
Abstract
In order to investigate the role of quality yield characteristics and fatty acids composition on seed quality of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) in a calcareous soil, a field experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2013. A complete randomized block ...
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In order to investigate the role of quality yield characteristics and fatty acids composition on seed quality of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) in a calcareous soil, a field experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2013. A complete randomized block design was used based on factorial arrangement. In the field experiment, the fertilizer resources (vermicimpost (V) (10 ton ha-1) + Tiobacilus (T), Sulfur (S) (20 ton ha-1) + T, V+S+T and control) and three levels of P (0, 30 and 60 kg.ha-1) were the first and second experimental factors, respectively. Based on proximate analysis of black seeds, V+S+T had a highest significant effect on increasing crude protein, essential (volatile) oil and fixed oil, as compared to control treatment. The applying V+T, S+T and V+S+T had significant decreasing effects on linolenic acid (by 53, 42 and 63%, respectively), as compared to control. The highest linoleic acid (cis) was observed significantly by applying V+S+T. There was the highest significant relationship between linolenic acid and seed vigor (R2=0.69**). Based on our results, vermicompost, especially in combination with sulfur application treatment, can be suitable approach to increasing the fixed oil quality of black seed
S. Baladi; H.R. Balouchi; A. Moradi; M. Movahhedi Dehnavi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 107-122
Abstract
Storage conditions, especially high moisture storage and high temperature environments, greatly affect the quality of oil seeds. In order to investigate the effect of temperature, seed moisture content and storage time on the deterioration of flax seed oil a factorial experiment was conducted based on ...
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Storage conditions, especially high moisture storage and high temperature environments, greatly affect the quality of oil seeds. In order to investigate the effect of temperature, seed moisture content and storage time on the deterioration of flax seed oil a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with four replications in the seed lab of Yasouj University. The factors included the temperature at four levels (15, 25, 35 and 45 °C), moisture content in 5 levels (initial moisture content, 5, 9, 13 and 17%) and six storage times (30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days). The results showed that germination and normal seedlings percentage, germination rate and vigor index reduced with increasing moisture content and during storage at each temperature level and with a combination of high temperature and moisture content this reduction was more severe. The lowest level of deterioration was in 5 °C with 5% moisture content that after 180 days storage, viability was reduced from 93 to 90 percent. Over time and with increasing moisture content, electrical conductivity also increased, and this increase was greater at high temperatures and seed lots with high electrical conductivity had low viability
F. Nabi; A. Asgharzadeh; E. Ganji; A.R. Bagheri
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2016, Pages 123-134
Abstract
Regarding importance of homogenous germination and to accelerate this stage of Aquilegia chrysantha a study was conducted with purpose of identification of different morph of seeds of A. chrysantha. Therefore, first the black and brown seeds were separated visually and then divided in two groups in term ...
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Regarding importance of homogenous germination and to accelerate this stage of Aquilegia chrysantha a study was conducted with purpose of identification of different morph of seeds of A. chrysantha. Therefore, first the black and brown seeds were separated visually and then divided in two groups in term of size using machine vision method. The seeds were stored for four weeks at 4ₒC inrder to stimulate germination and after that the treatments of 4, 8, 12, 24 hours of hydropriming and control were applied on the seeds. The study was factorial and conducted in a completely randomized design. The factors include color and size of seeds and also hydropriming treatments. The results showed that large seeds in comparison with small seeds were better in traits including seed germination percentage, germination rate, and mean germination time. In addition black seeds have a better performance in mentioned traits than brown seeds. Also the best characteristics of germination were recorded in the 12 and 24 hours of hydropriming. Overall, using large black seeds in the 12 hours of hydropriming would have a good germination and is recommended for better production of A. chrysantha.