Zeinab Chaghakaboodi; Danial Kahrizi; Abolfazl Mazandarani; Jaber Nasiri
Abstract
The cultivation of medicinal plants has faced significant challenges including seed dormancy, low germination rates, and the need for pre-treatments. Cold plasma technology has emerged as a promising solution to these issues in recent years. It has been successfully used for seed priming of various medicinal ...
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The cultivation of medicinal plants has faced significant challenges including seed dormancy, low germination rates, and the need for pre-treatments. Cold plasma technology has emerged as a promising solution to these issues in recent years. It has been successfully used for seed priming of various medicinal plants, and its effects on the morpho-physiological, metabolic, and molecular mechanisms of resulting seedlings have been extensively explored. In this review, we will discuss the use of plasma in seed priming and the consequent metabolic and molecular changes in different medicinal plants. Meanwhile, a growing collection of articles argues that seed priming with plasma is always of interest to researchers and the effect of different types of plasma on various and different seeds is being studied and researched. Although researchers have conducted extensive research in this field, the analysis shows that this field still needs more research. The purpose of this study is to investigate scientific information related to the use of plasma in seed priming and provide a comprehensive understanding of valuable insights with statistical evaluation and data analysis using VOSviewer and R-Studio software to find and reveal the structure and research process in this field for Interested researchers. By addressing this issue, it is hoped to gain a better understanding of the potential benefits and applications of cold plasma in the cultivation of medicinal plants and to identify and use future research directions in this field.
Zeinab Tahamtan; Sasan Mohsenzadeh; Atena Eslami-Farouji
Abstract
Water scarcity in Iran’s ecosystem and the limited availability of endemic drought-resistant species highlight the significance of plants adapted to arid environments. Seed germination is one of the important stages in the plant’s life cycle, depends on ecological and physiological factors. ...
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Water scarcity in Iran’s ecosystem and the limited availability of endemic drought-resistant species highlight the significance of plants adapted to arid environments. Seed germination is one of the important stages in the plant’s life cycle, depends on ecological and physiological factors. The study aims to investigate the effect of ecological, environmental, and physiological factors of the maternal trees on the germination of Ziziphus spina-christi seeds from Fars and Bushehr provinces. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions, including six different treatments. Cluster and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) were performed using Euclidean similarity coefficient in PAST software to examine the relationships between regions and key traits. The highest germination was in the treatment without pericarp and soaking in distilled water (48 hours). Alternatively, pigment comparison demonstrated the highest levels in the maternal leaves of Shiraz and Kangan. Maximum proline content was in Firouzabad leaves. The highest electrical conductivity was in Jam, while the maximum soil phosphorus and potassium were reported in Shiraz. The percentage of clay and silt was higher in Firouzabad, whereas the maximum percentage of sand was reported in Kangan. Cluster analysis categorized the regions into two distinct groups, aligning with PCoA results. In Detrended Correspondence Analysis, the most important factor for Shiraz was potassium, whereas silt percentage, carotenoids, and leaf area clustered Kangan and Dahrom. The results indicate that the ecological and physiological conditions of maternal trees directly affect seed germination, determining plant growth and adaptation, which can influence the cultivation of this tree in Fars and Bushehr provinces.
Ali Ebadi; Fatemeh Ahmadnia; Solmaz Feizpoor
Abstract
Developing new strategies such as using nanotechnology to control weeds is one of the ways to reduce the environment from improper use of chemical inputs. For this purpose, in 2024, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications on the germination ...
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Developing new strategies such as using nanotechnology to control weeds is one of the ways to reduce the environment from improper use of chemical inputs. For this purpose, in 2024, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications on the germination of Redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) seeds. Experimental treatments include aqueous extract of Sunn hemp (in concentrations of 0, 10, 15, and 20 g/L-1) and TiO2 NPs synthesized with aqueous extract of Sunn hemp (TiO2 NPs synthesized without Sunn hemp extract (Control), TiO2 NPs synthesized with 10, 15, and 20 g/L-1 Sunn hemp aqueous extract). Green synthesis of TiO2 NPs with Sunn hemp compared to Sunn hemp aqueous extract at concentrations of 10 and 15 g/L-1 decreased germination by 30.56 and 43.01%. This study indicated that the TiO2 NPs synthesized with Sunn hemp extract caused a 1.20 and 12.63 % increase in lipid peroxidation and decreased catalase enzyme activity by 3.84% and 5.72% in concentrations of 10 and 15 g/L-1, compared to Sunn hemp aqueous extract. This experiment showed a strong inhibition of green synthesis of TiO2 NPs using Sunn hemp aqueous extract on germination and related components in Redroot pigweed seeds.
Radman Karimi; Farshid Ghaderi-Far; A. Hamidi; Mohsen Malek; Hamid Reza Sadeghipour; Asieh Siahmarguee
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the effects of coating wheat cv. dryland Qaboos seeds by the liquid superabsorbent polymer AB200-c under water stress conditions. The factors of the experiments included different water potentials of 0, -0.3, -0.6,, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa and seed coating by superabsorbent ...
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This research was conducted to investigate the effects of coating wheat cv. dryland Qaboos seeds by the liquid superabsorbent polymer AB200-c under water stress conditions. The factors of the experiments included different water potentials of 0, -0.3, -0.6,, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa and seed coating by superabsorbent polymer at 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7 and 2 ml of super absorbent polymer per 100 grams seeds. The Hydrotime model based on binomial distribution was used to investigate the reaction of seed germination to different coating treatments and water stress. Seed coating by the superabsorbent polymer increased germination percentage compared to control seeds at water potentials of -0.9 and -1.2 MPa. Also, these treatments increased the growth rate of seedlings compared to control. Based on the analysis of the coefficients in the Hydrotime model, seeds coated by the superabsorbent polymer made more negative base water potential or greater tolerance to water stress; the value of this coefficient was -1.54 MPa in the control seeds but -1.83 MPa in the coated seeds. Accordingly, polymer coating increased the threshold of tolerance to water stress in wheat seeds. Also, differential coating of seeds with the superabsorbent polymer had significant effects on germination and seedling growth criteria, which point to the importance of using an appropriate amount of superabsorbent polymer in wheat seed coating treatment. Based on this research, seed coating with the superabsorbent polymer can be considered as an efficient technique for reducing the negative effects of water stress on wheat seed germination and seedling growth.
Faezeh Zaefarian; Mohammad Mehdi Mirzaei; Shiva Taheri
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of pretreatment of seeds with organic fertilizers on germination and seedling indices of three cultivar of black cumin seed, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized block design in four replications in 2021. The treatments of this ...
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In order to investigate the effect of pretreatment of seeds with organic fertilizers on germination and seedling indices of three cultivar of black cumin seed, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized block design in four replications in 2021. The treatments of this experiment were cultivar in three levels (Iranian, Indian and Syrian) and seed pretreatment in three levels of organic fertilizers: humic acid, biozinc and control (without pretreatment). Characteristics of germination percentage and rate, germination uniformity, root, shoot and seedling length, fresh and dry weight of root, shoot and seedling, seedling tissue water content, seedling length vigour index and allometric coefficient were measured. The results showed that the studied treatments and their interaction had a significant effect on most of the measured traits. The maximum and minimum germination percentages (93.67% and 83.33%, respectively) were allocated to Iranian and Indian cultivars; while the maximum germination uniformity (256.79 hours) was obtained in the Syrian cultivar pretreated with humic acid and the minimum germination uniformity (134.40 hours) was obtained in both Iranian cultivar without pretreatment and the Iranian cultivar pretreated with biozinc. Also, the highest seedling length and seedling length vigour index were recorded in Iranian cultivars pretreated with humic acid (4.20 cm and 400.21), respectively, and the lowest ones (1.42 cm and 113.01) in Syrian cultivar pretreated with biozinc. In general, in the present study, the effect of seed pretreatment using humic acid as organic fertilizer was positive in many germination indexes.
Simin Haghanifar; Marjan Diyanat; Aidin Hamidi; Fereidon Ghasemkhan ghajar; Elias Soltani
Abstract
This research was done in order to find the most effective treatment to break the hardness of Persian camelthorn (Alhagi camelorum) seeds, which is one of the major problems of its cultivation on a large scale. treatments including 98% sulfuric acid (treatments of 25, 30 and 35 minutes) and 100°C ...
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This research was done in order to find the most effective treatment to break the hardness of Persian camelthorn (Alhagi camelorum) seeds, which is one of the major problems of its cultivation on a large scale. treatments including 98% sulfuric acid (treatments of 25, 30 and 35 minutes) and 100°C hot water (treatments of 30 seconds, 1 and 3 minutes) were performed in comparison with the control. The factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design. The results showed that the populations had significant differences in terms of all traits and the difference between seed hardness treatments and their interaction effects for all traits was significant at the 1% level. The results of the findings show that the presence of the hard shell is a physical barrier and it acts as factors limiting germination by preventing the expansion of the embryo or by limiting water absorption and gas exchange. Therefore, applying a series of seed scratching treatments such as sulfuric acid treatment and 100°C water will improve the germination of the camelthorn seed. Because the use of treatments such as sulfuric acid involves problems such as the risk of working with acid, and also due to the cheapness and availability of water, the lack of special facilities and materials, the harmlessness and simplicity of working with it to stimulate germination and remove hardness, 100 °C water for 30 seconds and placement of seeds in 30 °C germinator is the priority for treating Iranian seeds.
Hassan Nasiri Avanaki; Seyed MohammadReza Ehteshami; Mahmoud Bagheri
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of planting date on germination characteristics and biochemical activity of seed in different quinoa genotypes, an experiment was conducted in the Research Laboratory of Seed Physiology and Biotechnology of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at University of Guilan ...
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In order to investigate the effect of planting date on germination characteristics and biochemical activity of seed in different quinoa genotypes, an experiment was conducted in the Research Laboratory of Seed Physiology and Biotechnology of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at University of Guilan in 2019. The experiment was performed as a split plot in the form of a Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications. The seeds of three genotypes T, R and Q29 were planted on six planting dates: 15 January, 15 February, 15 March, 15 February, 15 May and 15 June in the research farm of Karaj Seedling and Seed Breeding Research Institute. The harvested seeds from the treatments available in the field were transferred to the laboratory in order to investigate seed germination characteristics and vigour, and were measured germination percentage and rate, length and weight of the seedling, length and weight index of the seed vigour, electrical conductivity of the seed solution, and biochemical characteristics of soluble protein content, malondialdehyde content, alpha amylase, catalase and peroxidase enzyme activity. The interaction of two factors was significant on germination percentage, germination rate, number of abnormal seedlings, activity of alpha-amylase, catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzymes, soluble protein content, malondialdehyde content and electrical conductivity of seed solution. The three planting dates of 15 January, 15 February, 15 March in Q29 genotype showed the highest percentage, germination rate, alpha-amylase enzyme activity and the highest number of abnormal seedlings.
Sara Yavari Ramsheh; Fatemeh Dehghan Nayeri
Abstract
In this research, morphological and biochemical traits of 10 isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria, salt tolerance and the effect of bacteria on germination and seedling growth indicators of sesame cultivars under salt stress were conducted. All isolates were Gram-negative and had positive motility ...
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In this research, morphological and biochemical traits of 10 isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria, salt tolerance and the effect of bacteria on germination and seedling growth indicators of sesame cultivars under salt stress were conducted. All isolates were Gram-negative and had positive motility and fluorescent properties. Among the bacteria, P2, P3 and P9 isolates were more capable of solubilizing inorganic phosphorus. The ability to produce siderophore was higher in some isolates and the isolates P1, P2, P3, P8, and P10 showed the highest in vitro salt-tolerance. A factorial experiment including two sesame cultivars, 4 salinity levels and inoculation with 3 isolates was done in the form of a completely randomized design in three replications. Based on the results, the effect of bacteria, salinity, variety and their interaction on the percentage and rate of germination, germination indices, allometric coefficient and seedling length and weight index were significant. Under salt stress, the germination and growth of seedlings significantly decreased but, the pretreatment of sesame seeds with salt-tolerant isolates increased the characteristics related to germination and growth indices of sesame cultivars. The highest effect on all parameters including germination rate belonged to P9. Therefore, P9 isolate can be used to increase the tolerance of sesame to salinity stress.
Ramin Soltani; Jafar Asghari; Enayat Rezvani; Babak Rabiei
Abstract
Considering the questions about the reasons for the decline in the quality of corn seeds in Moghan, especially regarding the management of corn cob dryers, this experiment was conducted in order to diagnose the effect of the dryer function on seed quality. For this purpose, 24 samples of corn seed variety ...
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Considering the questions about the reasons for the decline in the quality of corn seeds in Moghan, especially regarding the management of corn cob dryers, this experiment was conducted in order to diagnose the effect of the dryer function on seed quality. For this purpose, 24 samples of corn seed variety 704 were prepared in two stages from nine seed processing stations in 2018. 12 cobs from the shipment were transported from the field and before entering the dryer and 12 dried cobs of the same shipment were randomly registered and tested in the National Seed Quality Laboratory. In addition to laboratory tests, each sample was cultivated in the field in the form of a RCBD in three replications. According to the results there is no significant difference between the sampling time before and after drying. The interaction of processing station and sampling time, except in two stations, did not show any significant difference on seed quality indicators. Based on the results, in the stations with higher output seed quality, the cobs were harvested with a moisture content of 25-29% and aerated at a temperature of 32-35℃ and after reaching the average moisture content of the mass about 20%, the temperature increased to 38℃. According to the results, the dryers function has a minor role in causing damage to seeds and reducing seed quality, and due to the low germination power of seeds produced in farms, other factors including farm management are effective in reducing the quality of corn seeds.
Ali Ebadi; Fatemeh Ahmadnia; ghasem parmoon
Abstract
In order to study the effect of different levels of drought stress and temperature on seed germination of buckwheat, a factorial experiment was conducted as completely randomized design with three replications. Experimental treatments were included different levels of drought stress (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 ...
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In order to study the effect of different levels of drought stress and temperature on seed germination of buckwheat, a factorial experiment was conducted as completely randomized design with three replications. Experimental treatments were included different levels of drought stress (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa) and different temperatures (8, 12, 16, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 oC). Results indicated that all models of thermal time, hydro time, and hydrothermal time could predict the germination of buckwheat in temperature and osmotic potential. Basic temperature (Tb) was estimated from -0.98 to 11 oC, optimum temperature (To) from 21.7 to 24.7 oC, and maximum temperature (Tc) from 30 to 41.5 oC, which osmotic potential increased Tb and decrease To and Tc in Buckwheat. Also, increasing temperature enhanced germination rate (decrease θHT from 18 MPa day at 8 oC to 3 MPa day at 35 oC), and decreased stress tolerance due to increasing basic potential (increase ψ50 from -0.927 MPa to 0.043 MPa). According to the hydrothermal time model output, Tb in this plant was about 1.93 oC and at 92 MPa oC day, highest germination rate was recorded and ψTb in this plant in Tb was about -1.31 MPa. Also it was defined that, each of these three models predicted buckwheat seed germination under different temperature and water potential, but hydrothermal time was a general model and we can suggested it.
Tayebeh Alsadat Cheraghi Takht Choobi; Seyed Amir Moosavi; Ahmad zare; Ahmad KoochekZade; ghasem parmoon
Abstract
In order to determine the cardinal temperature of decayed sugarcane seeds, this study was carried out factorially in a completely randomized design with three replications in Khuzestan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources. The first factor was aging at 5 levels (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours ...
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In order to determine the cardinal temperature of decayed sugarcane seeds, this study was carried out factorially in a completely randomized design with three replications in Khuzestan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources. The first factor was aging at 5 levels (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of decline) and germination temperatures at 7 levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ° C). The results showed that the percentage and speed of germination were affected by the interaction of temperature in the decay so that their highest value was in the temperature range of 20 to 25 ° C and the decay in addition to reducing their amount increased the range of changes of this plant at different temperatures. The highest germination percentage was observed at 20 ° C in undeveloped seeds and 15 to 20 ° C at 24 and 48 h. Estimation of different non-linear models on germination rate also showed that among the evaluated models, the better toothed model was the model for germination of sugarcane seeds at different levels of decay. The germination basal temperature of sugarcane was estimated to be 1 ° C in non-degradable conditions, which increased to 1.8 ° C in 24 hours of decline and decreased again in higher degradations. The optimum germination temperature of this plant was between 20 to 32 at no aging conditions.
Elham Bahrabadi; R. Tavakkol Afshari; Mehdi Nassiri Mahallati
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of temperature, drought and priming on the percentage and rate germination of corn seeds, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replicates was conducted. Treatments included eight temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 ºC), ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of temperature, drought and priming on the percentage and rate germination of corn seeds, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replicates was conducted. Treatments included eight temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 ºC), four drought potential (0, -0.4, -0.8 and -1.2 MPa), and five priming (control, hydroprimin, GA priming, ABA priming and, SA ptiming). Both percentage and rate of germination were inhibited at osmotic potentials ≤−0.8 MPa PEG. At 35 ºC temperature. Germination percentage of unprimed seeds was reduced from 94 to 36% in −1.2 MPa. Under these conditions, gibberellic acid hormone treatment improved seed germination. The effect of temperature on germination can be defined in terms of cardinal temperatures. We compared three non-linear regression models (Dent-like, segmented and beta). The outcome revealed that the Dent-like function was suitable for use in describing seed germination response to temperature. The base, optimum 1, optimum 2 and ceiling temperature were estimated to be 9.51, 24.12, 35 and 44.62 °C, respectively. The response of germination rate to both temperature and water potential can be described as a non-linear function of the hydrothermal model. According to the results of this study, hydropriming, gibberellic acid, and salicylic acid increased the mean deviation of the base temperature compared to non-priming treatment, increasing the standard deviation of the base temperature indicates the ability of seed germination in different osmotic potentials.
Nafiseh Sheibany; Sina Fallah; Hossien Barani-Beiranvand; Aliyeh Salehi
Abstract
IIn order to evaluate the potential of germination and initial seedling growth of soybean seeds fed with zinc oxide nanoparticles, two experiments (in growth chamber and soil) were performed at Shahrekord University in 2020. The treatments in the maternal plant included different compounds of zinc (zinc ...
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IIn order to evaluate the potential of germination and initial seedling growth of soybean seeds fed with zinc oxide nanoparticles, two experiments (in growth chamber and soil) were performed at Shahrekord University in 2020. The treatments in the maternal plant included different compounds of zinc (zinc oxide nanoparticles with sizes of 38, 59 nm and zinc chloride) and different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg soil). With increasing the concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles, especially 38 nm nanoparticles at a concentration of 200 mg/kg, germination percentage and germination rate (67 and 89%, respectively), radicle length and weight (133 and 356%, respectively), plumule length and weight (135 and 103%, respectively) and as a result, seedling vigor index increased (291%). Significant increase in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids (28, 333 and 73%, respectively), plant height (41%), leaf area (66%), shoot weight (167%) of seedlings of soybeans fed with 200 mg/kg ZnO 38-nm was observed but at a concentration of 500 mg/kg of zinc compounds the toxic effects on soybean seedlings was observed. In general, it is concluded that feeding soybean plant with zinc oxide nanoparticles can be very effective in increasing the vigor of produced seed.
A. Hashemi; R. Tavakkol Afshari; L. Tabrizi; Sh. Barooti
Abstract
In many studies, the medicinal properties and impact of plantago ovata on mechanisms of human physical activities has been proven. So that one of the most useful, effective and harmless herbal laxative. drought is one of the limiting factors and a serious danger for the successful production of crops. ...
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In many studies, the medicinal properties and impact of plantago ovata on mechanisms of human physical activities has been proven. So that one of the most useful, effective and harmless herbal laxative. drought is one of the limiting factors and a serious danger for the successful production of crops. An experiment was conducted to study germination characteristics of plantago ovata under water and drought stress conditions at different temperatures. The experiment was conducted at the University of Tehran lab, Karaj, in 2015. Temperatures regimes included 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C). For each temperature, the treatment for drought and water stress was four potentials (zero, -4, -8 and -12 bar) with sodium chloride. The effects of drouth stress on seed germination of plantago ovata at different temperatures showed the highest resistance to drought at 20 º C. drouth stress at different temperatures reduced germination parameters nad in the potential -12 germination stopped. Increased temperatures resulted in better conditions for seed germination and increase the drought stress tolerance. Increased severity of drought causes the reduction of temperature range in which the seed can germinate.
ahmad zare; amin lotfi JALALABADI
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different treatments on dormancy breaking of Prickly scorpions weed (Scorpiurus muricatus L), three separate experiments were conducted in 2021 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan with four replications. experimental treatments ...
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In order to investigate the effect of different treatments on dormancy breaking of Prickly scorpions weed (Scorpiurus muricatus L), three separate experiments were conducted in 2021 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan with four replications. experimental treatments consisted of immersion in boiling water (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 seconds), immersion in sulfuric acid (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 minutes), scarification and soaking (with scarification+ with soaking, with scarification + non soaking, without scarification +with soaking and without scarification and without soaking). The results of boiling water indicated that with increasing soaking time, germination percentage decreased and the highest germination percentage was observed in 30 seconds (85%). under sulfuric acid application conditions, 34% of seeds germinated in 10 minutes and at other times (20 -70 minutes) maximum germination was observed. The highest germination rate in sulfuric acid treatment was predicted to be 52 minutes. The results of scarification and soaking treatments showed that scarification alone led to an increase in germination percentage (92%) and germination decreased to 56% in soaking conditions with scarification. Immersing seeds in sulfuric acid for 50 minutes, application boiling water for 30 seconds and scarification as a solution to braking dormancy of Prickly can be recommended.
Ahmad Afkari
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of priming with salicylic acid and salinity stress on improvement of germination characteristics, activity of antioxidant enzymes and and membrane lipid peroxidation of wheat cultivar Mihan, an experiment was conducted as factorial in a completely randomized design ...
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In order to investigate the effects of priming with salicylic acid and salinity stress on improvement of germination characteristics, activity of antioxidant enzymes and and membrane lipid peroxidation of wheat cultivar Mihan, an experiment was conducted as factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications in the physiology lab at the Islamic Azad University of Kaleiber Branch in 2018.The treatments consisted of different concentrations of acid salicylic in four levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM) and salt stress was inducted by NaCl solution (0, 50 100, 150 mM). The results analysis of variance showed that the effects of salinity and salicylic acid on germination indices and activity of antioxidant enzymes was significant.Results comparison of data showed that NaCl priming by salicylic acid increased the germination percentage, root growth, root, seedling dry weight and decreasing activity of antioxidant enzymes and seed protein content in the salty environment. Salicylic acid increased the level of cell division of seedlings and roots which caused an increase in plant growth. Enzymes activity assay showed that enzyme activity was increased under salt stress conditions and SA reduced activity of antioxidant enzyme by decreasing the salinity effects. In brief, the SA treatment reduced the damaging action of salinity on seedling growth and accelerated a restoration of growth processes. It seems that Salicylic acid as a plant growth regulator under salinity condition, activated plant tolerance mechanisms to salinity condition and decrease damaging effect of salinity on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat.
B. Darvishi; Jafar Ghasemi Ranjbar; Hasan Noorinejad; Samad Mobasser
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the health and quality of onion seeds that were submitted to Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) in 2016-2017 for obtaining a certificate. For this purpose, the germination rate and seed vigor of 9 onion cultivars were evaluated in the ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the health and quality of onion seeds that were submitted to Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) in 2016-2017 for obtaining a certificate. For this purpose, the germination rate and seed vigor of 9 onion cultivars were evaluated in the seed quality analysis laboratory. Botrytis allii infection was assessed in the second part of onion seed samples based on Blatter method. Third part of onion seeds was cultivated based on a completely randomized block design with 3 replications in two regions (Karaj and Dezfoul) and two years. Gray rot prevalence in field and its effect on seedling emergence and yield was investigated. Results showed that seed germination of different onion cultivars were significantly different from each other. Also, cold and accelerated aging treatment significantly reduced germination of onion seeds. Seeds treated by carboxin thiram fungicide were free of gray rot, but untreated seeds were infected with an average of 1-4% of the causative agent. The level of infection was not related to onion seed germination, seedling field establishment and yield.
Mohsen Fereydooni; Hossein Haji Agha alizade
Abstract
One of the technologies used to improve seed germination is use of cold plasma. Cold plasma is created at atmospheric pressure or vacuum by using electrical discharge in low pressure gas. In order to investigate the effect of two cold plasma production systems on improving the germination indices of ...
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One of the technologies used to improve seed germination is use of cold plasma. Cold plasma is created at atmospheric pressure or vacuum by using electrical discharge in low pressure gas. In order to investigate the effect of two cold plasma production systems on improving the germination indices of chickpea seeds from Adel, Mansour and Azad cultivars in three plasma exposure times of 0, 30 and 60 seconds, they were studied in a completely randomized factorial design. The results showed that cold plasma treatment by corona method at 30 seconds exposure caused a significant increase in the root length index compared to the control treatment in Adel and Mansur varieties. Also, cold plasma treatment by corona method in 30 seconds of exposure caused improvement in seed vigor in Adel and Mansour varieties, respectively, by 35% and 41% compared to the control and root length in 30 seconds corona treatment in Adel Mansur and Azad varieties, respectively increased by 38%, 42% and 2% compared to the control. On the other hand, in the barrier method, only in the root length index, in Azad variety and in exposure to cold plasma for 60 seconds, 25% increase was observed compared to the control. Therefore a significant positive effect on increasing seed vigor and root length of chickpea varieties tested in cold plasma treatment by corona method compared to the control, while the barrier dielectric method has more uniformity in the treatments than corona method.
Alireza Bagheri; Farzad Mondani; Azadeh Geravandi; Sahar Amiri
Abstract
Seed priming is one of the most effective methods for improving germination and seedling establishment. In order to study the effect of priming on germination of different shapes of Marigold compact petal variety (Calendula officinalis L.), a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized ...
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Seed priming is one of the most effective methods for improving germination and seedling establishment. In order to study the effect of priming on germination of different shapes of Marigold compact petal variety (Calendula officinalis L.), a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in 2014. The germination traits were calculated for different shapes of Marigold seedlings such as germination percentage, germination rate, seedling index, root length and shoot length. The results showed that crescent-shaped seeds exhibited the highest percentage, rate and germination index with 75.51%, 4.48 germination per day and 18.97%, respectively. In addition, the effect of osmo and hydro priming on seeds showed that the highest germination percentage (75.56%) was observed in zero bar of osmo priming and hydro priming of 8 hours. The highest germination rate in the hydro priming treatments was 8 and 16 hours, with values of 3.16 and 3.26 germination per day, respectively. The highest germination index of hydro priming treatments was recorded at 8 and 16 hours with values of 12.22 and 11.75, respectively. Priming action can be effective in reducing the negative effects of various factors during germination and afterwards. Overall, the results of this experiment showed that the use of osmo and hydro priming for the crescent-shaped seeds of Mrigold had the highest germination traits.
Jalil Abaspour; Behrooz Salehi-Eskandari; Maryam Montazeri-Najafabadi
Abstract
Nickel is an essential microelement, but the increased concentration it in the medium disrupts the germination and growth of plants. In the present study, the effect of pretreatment and exogenous proline in the seedling growth of Cucumis melo under nickel stress was investigated. For this purpose, seeds ...
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Nickel is an essential microelement, but the increased concentration it in the medium disrupts the germination and growth of plants. In the present study, the effect of pretreatment and exogenous proline in the seedling growth of Cucumis melo under nickel stress was investigated. For this purpose, seeds were divided into two groups. In one group, seeds were sterilized for 24h, then they soaked in 0, 10 mM proline and finally cultured in different nickel concentrations. Another group seeds were soaked in deionized water for 24 hours and then cultured in petri dishes containing the same from one another concentrations of nickel and proline. All seeds were kept for 10 days, then measured germination, and growth parameters and membrane stability. The results showed that germination parameters were not affected by nickel. Radicle was more sensitive to Ni excess than hypocotyl. The amount of malondialdehyde increased with increasing nickel concentration. Add exogenous proline significantly reduces germination percentage and germination index but it increased mean germination time. Proline pretreatment in the presence of nickel treatments improved radical length, root to shoot ratio. But the addition of exogenous proline increased hypocotyl length while radical length and their ratio decreased in lower exposure levels. However, exogenous proline reduced lipid peroxidation and membrane permeability more than similar treatments under nickel treatments. Proline, as a pretreatment as a compatible solution and antioxidant, improves the early stages of growth and reduces the damage caused by nickel toxicity in the early stages of cucumber seedling growth.
parisa sheikhnavaz jahed; mohammad sedghi; raouf seyedsharifi; omid sofalian
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of priming on different aspects of germination of aged pumpkin seeds under drought stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with four replications in the laboratory. Treatments included different levels of aging (control, ...
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In order to investigate the effect of priming on different aspects of germination of aged pumpkin seeds under drought stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with four replications in the laboratory. Treatments included different levels of aging (control, 85% and 75% of control germination), salt stress (0, 75 and 150 Mmol) and priming (control, hydro, gibberellin, GR24, benzyl aminopurine and spermidine). The seeds reached the desired vigor level by accelerated ageing test. Morphological traits were also studied using seedling growth test. Mobility of seed lipid reserves, carbohydrate, number of photosynthetic pigments, photosynthesis, α-amylase and the amount of sodium ions were measured. In the study of germination traits, motility of lipid reserves, carbohydrates, chlorophyll a, photosynthesis and sodium content, salinity stress, seed deterioration and priming led to a significant change in them compared to the control seed. While in the case of shoot and root dry weight, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll a / b ratio under salinity, seed deterioration and priming, no statistically significant change were compared to the control seed, the greatest effect of gibberellin-related seed priming was observed on germination traits and spermidine on physiological traits.
Reza Kamaei; Mohammad Kafi; Reza Tavakkol Afshari; Saeid Malekzadeh Shafaroudi; Jafar Nabati
Abstract
In order to identify different landraces of onion seeds in terms of germination characteristics, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in the Biology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2020. The experimental treatments ...
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In order to identify different landraces of onion seeds in terms of germination characteristics, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in the Biology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2020. The experimental treatments were 29 native landraces of onion seeds from different regions of Iran and two improved cultivars as control. The results showed a significant difference for all measured indices amongst landraces. Also, the clustering results of the landraces, based on the apparent characteristics, showed that among the 4 clusters, the third cluster, which includes 9 landraces (Harsin, Kavar, Azarshahr, Bonab, Yasuj, Qorveh, Kashan white, Neishabour white and Qoli Qeseh) has better appearance characteristics in terms of 1000-grain weight (average 4.54 g), grain length (average 3.08 mm) and grain diameter (1.9 mm). Also, it was shown based on germination characteristics that among the six indivisual clusters, the fourth cluster with 7 landraces including Yasuj, Kashan white, Dorcheh Yellow, Turkey, Tarom, Neishabour white and Qorveh has better germination characteristics. In general, it can be concluded that based on the appearance and germination characteristics, Yasuj, Kashan white and Neishabour white landraces showed a better seed quality.
zahra rezaloo; samira shahbazi; hamed askari
Abstract
One of the methods of priming is biopriming with growth promoting bacteria to increase seed germination and stimulate seedling growth. In this study, different effects of gamma ray on bacteria as mutants, irradiated (wild type) and control bacteria and then their effect on germination and vegetative ...
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One of the methods of priming is biopriming with growth promoting bacteria to increase seed germination and stimulate seedling growth. In this study, different effects of gamma ray on bacteria as mutants, irradiated (wild type) and control bacteria and then their effect on germination and vegetative traits of seeds were investigated. Seeds were selected from the legumes, cereal and garden plants. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The results showed that germination in the seeds had a positive reaction to the bacteria. But bean seeds had different responses to treatments. Reaction of different seeds to mutant and wild bacteria was different. Chickpeas achieved 100% germination with growth-promoting bacteria. Soybeans, flax, mung bean, wheat and lettuce had higher germination rates than controls. In the other measured vegetative traits, the bacteria showed different responses to the bacteria compared to the control and should be carefully studied for their use. But in general it can be said that all seeds increased in most of the traits compared to control and showed a positive reaction.
Azadeh kavandi; Amir Ghorbankhani; Fereshta shahbazi Asl
Abstract
Seed deterioration is one of the factors reducing seed viability and vigor. In order to investigate the effect of osmopriming on seed vigor enhancement and seedling enzyme activities, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in greenhouse of Research ...
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Seed deterioration is one of the factors reducing seed viability and vigor. In order to investigate the effect of osmopriming on seed vigor enhancement and seedling enzyme activities, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in greenhouse of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran in 2015. Experimental factors were four sainfoin species as (Onobrichis cristagalli, O. micoxchi, O. sintensii and O. vicifolia), three levels of deteriorated seeds using accelerated ageing techniques (40°C, 98% of RH for 48 and 72h and control) and three priming treatments including hydropriming (control) and osmopriming (PEG -0.6Mpa and -1.2 Mpa). Data were collected for germination percent, rate of germination, root length, shoot length, vigor index, seedling weight and the variability in the activities of three antioxidant enzymes as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD). Results showed that seed deterioration decreased germination traits in all of sainfoin species. Priming by seed aging interaction effect was significant for most of traits. The O.vicifolia had higher mean values for germination traits in deteriorated seeds. The result indicated that application of PEG (-0.6Mpa and -1.2 Mpa) had improved seedling growth as root and shoot length in all of the species. Measurement of enzymatic activity showed that the activities of antioxidant enzymes were decreasing in aged seeds of sainfoin. However, application of PEG (-0.6Mpa) had improved enzymatic activity in aged seeds. It was concluded that osmopriming may enhance seed vigor, seedling growth and enzyme activities in deteriorated seed of sainfoin
seyed ata Siadat; Seyed Amir Moosavi; ghasem parmoon; Samaneh Kiani
Abstract
To study the relationship between seed size and aging on cardinal temperatures of canola cv. Hyola 50, seed germination an experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete design with three replications. Seeds were classified in to four groups based on their diameter (1.4, 1.8, 2 and 2.2 mm) and ...
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To study the relationship between seed size and aging on cardinal temperatures of canola cv. Hyola 50, seed germination an experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete design with three replications. Seeds were classified in to four groups based on their diameter (1.4, 1.8, 2 and 2.2 mm) and considered as the first experimental factor. The Second factor was various durations of accelerated aging treatment (0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours (40oC, RH=100%) and the third factor was nine constant temperatures in which seeds were germinated (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ˚C). Cardinal temperatures were quantified for germination fraction of 50% using four nonlinear model: beta, beta modify, dent-like and segmented. The result indicted beta model better described responses germination rate to temperature compared with others models and accelerated aging and sizes did not affect the change model base temperature was about 1.15 OC in sizes 1.4 mm and increase in size to 2.2 mm deceased to 0.11 OC. The optimal temperature range was about 21.37 to 21.58 OC and the maximum temperature was 40.2 to 40.8 OC. it was also found that different seed sizes did not have a significant difference in terms of thermal time and deterioration increased the basal germination temperature and thermal time coefficient and reduced the optimal and maximum temperature, that it can show necessity delay in planting date in cold areas or early planting in tropical areas in these types of seeds.
