mahboobe mohammadi; R. Tavakkol Afshari; Mohammad Hassan Rashed Mohassel; ehsan neamatollahi
Abstract
This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of seed coating with micronutrient elements, regulators and growth stimulants on the characteristics of germination and seedling establishment of sugar beet seeds, and in the form of a completely randomized design with four repetitions in the year ...
Read More
This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of seed coating with micronutrient elements, regulators and growth stimulants on the characteristics of germination and seedling establishment of sugar beet seeds, and in the form of a completely randomized design with four repetitions in the year 2020, in the Razavi Seed and Plant Institute was carried out under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The treatments of this experiment were different combinations of micronutrient elements, regulators and growth stimulants which included 29 treatments along with a control treatment (without coating). The results showed that germination percentage, daily germination rate, germination rate coefficient, root and shoot length, root and shoot dry weight, and seedling root length index were significantly affected. Seed coating treatments were applied. In general, treatment 21, including macro elements + micro elements + humic acid + Gibberellic acid, with a germination percentage of 97%, seedling length index 13.87, allometric coefficient 0.2232, as the best treatment, increasing the mean You have a witness about the treatment. Also, among the different seed coating treatments, treatment 22, including microelements + humic acid + Gibberellic acid + kaolin, had the highest percentage of seedling establishment with 95%. Seed coating with micronutrients, humic acid and Gibberellic acid had the greatest effect on improving seedling growth and quality and germination percentage.
Azam Khaleghi; Alireza Dadkhah; Reza Rezvani
Abstract
This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of different organs of Artemisia aucheri on the growth and germination traits of Brassica napus and Goldbachia laevigata in two separate experiments including the laboratory and the greenhouse conditions, respectively. ...
Read More
This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of different organs of Artemisia aucheri on the growth and germination traits of Brassica napus and Goldbachia laevigata in two separate experiments including the laboratory and the greenhouse conditions, respectively. The experiments were exerted based on a completely randomized design with three replications and randomized complete block design with four replications, respectively. The test treatments included aqueous extracts of Artemisia in concentrations of 5, 10 and 15% of roots, 5, 10 and 15% of aerial organs and control (distilled water). The results showed that with increasing extract concentration, the germination and growth traits and total chlorophyll of both investigated plants significantly decreased. In such a way that the highest and lowest inhibition rates were associated with 15% root extract and 5% aerial organs extract, respectively. The level of 15% Artemisia root extract in Brassica decreased the germination percentage by 37.1% and in Goldbachia by 48.5% compared to the control. Increasing of extract concentration from zero to 15% of arial parts decreased stem length decreased by 30.3% in Brassica and 56.3% in Goldbachia compared to the control. Most of the examined traits in Goldbachia weed, were more sensitive to the allelopathic effects of Artemisia extract compared to Brassica. in general, root extract of Artemisia were more capable of dealing with germination and seedling growth than the aerial organs. Therefore, 15% aqueous extract of Artemisia root can be suggested to reduce the growth and weakening of the weed Goldbachia.
Ahmadreza Najafi; asghar estaji; mahdi ghasemi
Abstract
The percentage and rate of seed germination are critical factors leading to high yield in agriculture, but it has a diminishing effect on environmental stress. Seed pretreatment is one of the ways to increase the strength and velocity of seed germination to deal with salt stress. The purpose of this ...
Read More
The percentage and rate of seed germination are critical factors leading to high yield in agriculture, but it has a diminishing effect on environmental stress. Seed pretreatment is one of the ways to increase the strength and velocity of seed germination to deal with salt stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of seed pretreatment by peppermint (0.5, 1, and 2%) and seaweed extract (0.5, 1, and 2%) with control on the growth and biochemical traits of Thymus daenensis seedling under salinity stress (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM NaCl) conditions. This experiment was conducted as a factorial as a completely randomized design in four replications at the seedling growth stage. The results showed that seed pretreatment with peppermint and seaweed extract increased the percentage, velocity, and time of germination as well as the number of germinated seeds, in the absence of salinity stress. In seedling growth characteristics, although they were better in the absence of salinity stress, the pretreatment of the seeds significantly reduced the effects of salinity stress compared to the control conditions. The highest amount of chlorophyll in this condition was obtained in seeds treated with 2% seaweed extract. The highest activity of catalase enzyme and polyphenol oxidase enzyme was obtained in 100 and 150 mM salinity stress conditions and seeds treated with 1 and 2% seaweed extract, respectively. Salinity stress had caused a decrease in growth parameters, but seaweed extract pretreatment had improved the conditions.
Ali Shayanfar; Samad Mobasser; Bita Oskouei; Leila Zare
Abstract
Camelina Cv. Soheil seed storability was assessed to simulate after-harvest condition till the following growing season. Seven seed samples were collected from Shirvan, Fasa, Marvdasht, Kermanshah, Hamedan, Sabzevar, and Ilam regions and saved for six months in two storage condition (with two temperatures ...
Read More
Camelina Cv. Soheil seed storability was assessed to simulate after-harvest condition till the following growing season. Seven seed samples were collected from Shirvan, Fasa, Marvdasht, Kermanshah, Hamedan, Sabzevar, and Ilam regions and saved for six months in two storage condition (with two temperatures of 10 and 25ºC). Then, they were drow out monthly from storage condition to evaluate different seed germination index and vigour. Moisture seed content did not acced more than 10 percent in all treatments. Germination percentage and normal seedlings were more than 94% after 6 months of storage in all seed samples and two temperatures. Weight seedling vigour showed no significant differences in all samples, except the Sabzevar sample. The effects of three factors (seed samples, temperature and storage time) on rate germination index were difference. Seed physiological responses (in terms of rate germination) to 10 and 25ºC temperatures were similar until the fourth months in more samples. However, a declining process was observed from the fourth month at 25ºC and from the fifth month at 10ºC for these responses and accend minimum in six months. Two seed samples of Hamedan and Kermanshah showed higher rate of germination. In total, Camelina seeds showed high storage potential due to high germination percentage was recorded after six months of storage. In addition, if seeds stored for more than 4 months, plants in field condition lower germination rate will observe.
Abu-Alfazl Khodadadi; rayhaneh Amooaghaie
Abstract
Gundelia tournefortii L. seeds owing to the strongly lignified disseminule from secondary capitulum, cannot germinate easily. In current study, three individual experiments were done to investigate the impact of chemical scarification (treatment with water, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, ...
Read More
Gundelia tournefortii L. seeds owing to the strongly lignified disseminule from secondary capitulum, cannot germinate easily. In current study, three individual experiments were done to investigate the impact of chemical scarification (treatment with water, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide in durations of 20, 40, 60 min), physical scarification (control, scalpel, blade and 5, 10 min sand paper) and temperature shocks (individual or combined treatment with boiled water for 60 min and 1, 2, 3 days freezing on seed germination of chelgerd population. Results showed that in non-scarified seeds, germination was very low, but all mechanical scarification methods significantly increased seed germination. Among chemical scarification treatments, the highest seed germination obtained by 20 min soaking in hydrochloric acid but seedling growth was not favorable. The combined treatment of 60 min soaking in hot water and 3 days freezing, better than individual temperature shock increased germination indices, seedling length and vigor. In sum, results showed that the best method for physical dormancy breaking of kenger seeds was scarifying with scalpel that imparted the maximum germination percentage (58.46%), peak value (3.5), mean daily germination (3.2 days) and germination value (11.53).
elham faghani; shahram Nowrouzieh
Abstract
The seeds harvested from different climates in the process of seed delinting in the factory had different vigor and emergence in the field. Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of investigating the physiological and mechanical characteristics of delinted seeds in the factory. This project ...
Read More
The seeds harvested from different climates in the process of seed delinting in the factory had different vigor and emergence in the field. Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of investigating the physiological and mechanical characteristics of delinted seeds in the factory. This project was done as a completely randomized block. The blocks were cultivars from different climate. Finally, traits such as the percentage of mature and immature seeds, seed coat and endosperm weight, ion leakage, seed scratchiness, density, volume, and breaking force of seed were studied. The results showed that the percentage of immature seeds was the highest in Golestan in dry-hot and Khordad in dry-cold. The highest percentage of scratched seeds was in Golestan in dry-moderate and the lowest percentage of scratched seeds was in Golestan in dry-hot province, Kashmer in dry-cold climate and Latif in dry-moderate. The highest percentage of healthy seeds that completed their physiological maturity was observed in Latif in dry-moderate with 98.8%. While the Golestan in the dry-hot had the lowest percentage of mature seed weight among the studied cultivars. The highest and the lowest failure force were in Khurshid, 83.75 N, and Golestan from dry- hot regions with 47.9N. In general, results cleared that failure force, percentage of crashed,,, broken, immature,, 100-seed weight and seed size for Golestan in both climates dry-moderate and dry-hot showed that both hull seed and de-hulled the Golestan seeds which are produced in dry-moderate are more tolerant rather than the seeds of dry-hot.
Bita Oskouei; Leila Sadeghi; Kobra Moslemkhani; Hadis Afshar; Zahra Radmanesh
Abstract
Genetic purity, as one of the important characteristics of the quality of seed lots, has been considered in the national standards of certified seed producing countries to achieve desirable and stable characteristics of agricultural cultivars. According to the national standard, determining the other ...
Read More
Genetic purity, as one of the important characteristics of the quality of seed lots, has been considered in the national standards of certified seed producing countries to achieve desirable and stable characteristics of agricultural cultivars. According to the national standard, determining the other speciese in the seed sample is considered as one of the important tests of seed quality. This feature is checked with an emphasis on recognizable characteristics in the seed analysis laboratory. The research has investigated the characteristics and differences in appearance and genetics of seeds off- type of chickpea seeds. The results showed that the seeds that were considered as off- type morphologically differed from the control in at least one of the measured traits. These seeds were different from the original seed in terms of color, shape seed surface roughness and seed groove, also the selected indices were similar in the first and second generation seeds. The results of the molecular test also confirmed the results of the morphological investigations. In Adel, Mansour, Arman cultivars, the samples that in morphological studies were considered as off-type, in molecular studies using microsatellite markers H3F09, H3C11 and H1A06 showed that the molecular profile was not uniform and allele diversity was greater than the main allele of cultivars. In the process of seed certification program, microsatellite markers are a suitable and complementary tool to the use of morphological markers to determine the genetic purity of chickpea seed samples.
Mehdi Razmkhah; Ali Moradi; Hojatollah Latifmanesh; Hamidreza Balouchi
Abstract
Camelina (Camelina sativa) is a one-year oil plant, one of the most important problems of its cultivation is the interaction of seed germination and seed establishment with drought stress. Use of herbal treatments such as rye plant extract can speed up them, especially in drought-stress conditions. Therefore, ...
Read More
Camelina (Camelina sativa) is a one-year oil plant, one of the most important problems of its cultivation is the interaction of seed germination and seed establishment with drought stress. Use of herbal treatments such as rye plant extract can speed up them, especially in drought-stress conditions. Therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of priming and priming time on germination and some biochemical traits of Camelina under drought stress in the Agriculture and Genetics Laboratory of Yasouj University from 2021 to 2022. The experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The first factor was priming with Danko variety of rye plant root extract at 3 levels (zero, 40 and 60%), The second factor was priming times at three levels (zero, 6 and 12 hours) and the third factor included drought stress at three levels (zero, -3 and -6 times). Based on the obtained results, it was observed that drought stress affected the biochemical indicators and germination of Camelina and pre-treatment with rye extract at a concentration of 60% along with prime in 12 hours with the improvement of some biochemical indicators and germination were able to increase the tolerance of Camelina seedlings under drought stress by affecting the non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system of the plant. The results of the experiment show that using Danko variety of rye root extract with a concentration of 60% in 12 hours improves physical characteristics of the seed, helping germination in optimal and drought stress conditions.
Reza Taherdoost; Mahmood Dejam; Mehdi Madandoust; Farhad Mohajeri
Abstract
The use of sulfur (S) is of special interest in arid and semi-arid Iran since most soils are calcareous. In order to improve germination, seedling growth, and quality of Nigella sativa L. seeds obtained from mother plants grown under drought stress conditions, this investigation was performed in split ...
Read More
The use of sulfur (S) is of special interest in arid and semi-arid Iran since most soils are calcareous. In order to improve germination, seedling growth, and quality of Nigella sativa L. seeds obtained from mother plants grown under drought stress conditions, this investigation was performed in split plots with a completely randomized block design with three replications in research farm Fasa City in 2022. The main factor was irrigation after 25, 50 and 75 percent of soil moisture depletion and the subplots were fertilizer in 8 levels including 100 % S, 50% S + thiobacillus, 50% S + mycorrhiza, 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza, thiobacillus, mycorrhiza, thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza and control. The results showed that in irrigation with 75 percent soil moisture depletion, the integration of 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza decreased the seed membrane stability by 23 percent compared to the control. In an irrigation regime with 75 percent moisture depletion, the integration of 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza and 50% S+ mycorrhiza caused a 31 percent increase in amylase activity in seeds endosperm about control. The highest germination percent and rate are also observed in the integration of 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza. Moreover in the treatment with 75 percent soil moisture depletion, the 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza increased the seed vigor to 46 percent. With regards to the positive effects of sulfur integration with Thiobacillus and mycorrhiza in the improvement of the quality of seeds derived from black cumin under drought stress, the use of these biological compounds should be recommended.
Hadi Kalantari; Ali Izady darbandi; Ardeshir Qaderi; Seyed Ahmad Sadat noori; Mohammadreza Labbafi; Maryam Ahvazi
Abstract
The legume family has seed dormancy, which is an evolutionary adaptation that prevents seed germination in adverse ecological conditions and it is very important in preserving plant species. In order to study the effect of various mechanical, hormonal, and physical factors on the dormancy breaking of ...
Read More
The legume family has seed dormancy, which is an evolutionary adaptation that prevents seed germination in adverse ecological conditions and it is very important in preserving plant species. In order to study the effect of various mechanical, hormonal, and physical factors on the dormancy breaking of sophora seeds, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in three replications. The treatments included gibberellic acid, sulfuric acid, hot water, and cold at 4 degrees Celsius in different periods. The results showed that Compared to the very low germination of untreated seeds (0-53%), the application of 75% concentration of sulfuric acid for 15 minutes, improved the germination percentage (95.5%) and also the initial growth of the seedling. The percentage of germination (93%) in the treatment having hot water was significant compared to the control sample (56%). Compared to the very low germination of untreated seeds (0-53%), sulfuric acid (73-95.5%) and soaking in hot water (52-93%) were effective in germination. According to the dormancy failure of bitter gourd seeds in the tested treatments, it can be concluded that the dormancy of bitter gourd seeds is of a mechanical type and related to the physical properties of the seed coat. treatments of hot water and l sulfuric acid can remove seed dormancy in sophora. According to the breaking sophora seeds dormancy in the tested treatments, it can be concluded that the seed dormancy is of a mechanical type and related to the physical properties of the seed coat.
Leyla Cheheltanan; Ali Tehranifar; Mahmoud Shoor; Seyyed Hossein Neamati; Saeed Khosravi
Abstract
Self-pollination induces a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression in heterozygous plants, which in turn leads to a reduction in seed germination and seedling growth. On the other hand, seed priming with plant hormones such as gibberellic acid is a technical approach that potentially results in the ...
Read More
Self-pollination induces a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression in heterozygous plants, which in turn leads to a reduction in seed germination and seedling growth. On the other hand, seed priming with plant hormones such as gibberellic acid is a technical approach that potentially results in the improves of rapid and continuous seed germination and subsequent plant growth. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the effect of different concentrations of gibberellic acid on the improvement of seed germination resulting from self-pollination in various varieties of Petunia hybrida in a factorial experiment with three replications as a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of four levels of gibberellic acid (0, 50, 100, and 150 mg/L) and seeds obtained from self-pollination of Iranian Petunia, Tango Blue, Tritunia Pink Morn, and Tritunia White. The results indicated that seed priming with gibberellic acid, especially at a concentration of 100 mg/L, led to a significant increase in the activity of α-amylase and β-amylase by 6.56% and 1.57%, respectively. This increase resulted in 8.54% rise in soluble sugars content, providing energy that significantly enhanced germination percentage, germination speed, average time required for germination, seed vigor index, germination energy, and the fresh and dry weight of plumule and radicle. Moreover, among different varieties, seeds obtained from self-pollination of Iranian petunia demonstrated a higher germination percentage and germination speed compared to seeds from other varieties, indicating a superior capability in maintaining vigor potential, germination percentage, and germination speed.
)
