بررسی تنش شوری و خشکی ناشی از کلرید سدیم و پلی اتیلن گلایکول بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی و رشد گیاهچه ی علف هرز خردل وحشی (arvensis Sinapis

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار پردیس ابوریحان- دانشگاه تهران

3 استاد پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور

4 دانشیار پردیس ابوریحان- دانشگاه تهران.

5 استادیار گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر تنشهای خشکی و شوری بر خصوصیات مرتبط با جوانه زنی و رشد گیاهچه توده علف هرز خردل
وحشی جمع آوری شده از مزارع گندم آبی سه آزمون جداگانه در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار در موسسه
تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور انجام شد. سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی و شوری شامل پتانسیل های صفر (شاهد)، 2 ،-4 ،-6 ،-8 -
و 10 -بار بود که به منظور ایجاد آنها به ترتیب از دو ماده پلیاتیلن گلایکول (PEG (و کلرید سدیم (NaCl (استفاده شد.درصد
و سرعت جوانه زنی، طول گیاهچه، طول ساقه چه، طول ریشه چه و شاخص بنیه گیاهچه صفات اندازهگیری شده در این آزمایش
بود.نتایج حاکی از تأثیرمنفی و معنیدار تنشهای مذکور بر روی کلیه صفات مورد بررسی بود که این تأثیرمنفی در تنش
خشکی به صورت معنی دار بیشتر از تنش شوری بود که نشان دهنده مقاومت بالاترخردل وحشی به تنش شوری نسبت به
خشکی میباشد. طول ساقه چه در برخورد با هر دو تنش بیشتر از طول ریشه چه تحت تأثیرقرار گرفت که حاکی از حساسیت
بالاتر این صفت میباشد. بر اساس مدل برازش داده شده X50یا پتانسیلی که سبب کاهش 50 درصدی جوانه زنی نهایی و سرعت
جوانه زنی خردل گردید در تنش شوری به ترتیب 33/7 و 03/5 بوده که به صورت معنی دار بالاتر از X50 مربوط به تنش
خشکی (به ترتیب 47/4 و 90/2 بار) بود. 

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