Almansouri, M., J. M. Kinet and S. Lutts. 2001. Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on germination in durum wheat (Triticum
durum Desf.). Plant Soil. 231: 243-245.
Basra, S. M., E. Ullah, E.A. Warriach, M.A. Cheema and I. Afzal. 2003. Effect of storage on growth and yield of primed
canola (Brassica napus) seeds. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 5: 1117-1120.
Carvalho, N. M., Nakagawa, J. Germinação de Sementes. 2000. In: Carvalho, N.M.; Nakagawa, J. Sementes: Ciência, tecnologia
e produção. Jaboticabal, 4: 128-166.
Casenave., E. C and M. E Toselli. 2007. Hydropriming as a pre-treatment for cotton germination under thermal and water
stress conditions. Seed Sci. Technol. 35: 88-98.
Coolbear, P., A Francis and D Grierson. 1984. The effect of low temperature pre-sowing treatment under the germination
performance and membrane integrity of artificially aged tomato seeds. J. Exp. Bot., 35: 1609–1617.
Coons, M. J., R. O Kuehl and N. R. Simons. 1990. Tolerance of ten lettuce cultivars to high temperature combined with NaCl
during germination. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 115: 1004-1007.
Demir, I. and H. A. Van De Venter. 1999. The effect of priming treatments on the performance of watermelon (Citrillus
Lanatus (Thunb.). Seed Sci. Technol., 27: 871-875.
El Hafid, R., H. Smith Dan., M. Karrou and K. Samir. 1998. Physiological responses of spring durum wheat cultivars to
early-season drought in a Mediterranean Environment. Ann. Bot. 81: 363-370.
Farooq, M., S.M.A. Basra, K. Hafeez and N. Ahmad. 2005. Thermal hardening: a new seed vigor enhancement tool in rice.
J. Integ. Plant Biol. 47: 187–93.
Hardegree, S. P and W. E. Emmerich. 1990. Effect of polyethylene glycol exclusion on the water potential of solution saturated
filter paper. Plant Physiol. 92: 462-466.
Iqbal, M. and M .Ashraf. 2007. Seed treatment with auxins modulates growth and ion partitioning in salt-stressed wheat
plants. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 49: 1003-1015.
Işigigure, A., F. Karaosmanoglu and H. A. Aksoy. 1995. Characteristics of safflower seed oils of Turkish Origin. J. Am.Chem.
Soc. 72: 1223-1225.
Kaur, S., A. K. Gupta and N. Kaur. 2002. Effect of osmo- and hydropriming of chickpea seeds on seedling growth and carbohydrate
metabolism under water deficit stress. Plant Growth Regul. 37: 17-22.
Kaya, M. D., M. Okcu Atak and Y Cikili Kolsarici. 2006. Seed treatments to overcome salt and drought stress during germination
in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Eur. J. Agron. 24; 291-295.
Khajeh-Hosseini, M., A. A. Powell and I. J. Binghman. 2003. The interaction between salinity stress and seed vigour during
germination of soybean seeds. Seed Sci. Technol. 31: 715-725.
Maguire, J. D. 1962. Speed of germination aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigor. Crop Sci. 2:
176-177.
Mass E. V. 1986. Salt tolerance of plants. Appl. Agric. Res. 1: 12-26.
Mayber, A. M. 1989. The germination of seeds. 4.Essd. New York: Pergamon Press, 270.
Michel, B. E., 1983. Evaluation of the water potentials of solutions of polyethylene glycol 8000 both in the absence and presence
of other solutes. Plant Physiol. 72: 66-70.
Michel, B. E and M. R. Kaufman. 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000, Plant Physiol. 51:914-916.
Murillo-Amador, B., R. C. Lopez-Aguilar., Kaya, Larrinaga-Mayoral, Flores- Hernandez, A., 2002. Comparative effects
of NaCl and polyethylene glycol on germination, emergence and seedling growth of cowpea. Crop Sci. 188: 235-247.
Parera, C. A and D. J Cantliffe.1994. Presowing seed priming, Hort. Rev., 16: 109-141.
Rao, S. C., S. W Aker and R. M Ahring. 1987. Priming Brassica seed to improve emergence under different temperatures and
soil moisture. Crop Sci. 27: 1050-1053.
Rehman, S., P. J.C. Harris, W. F Bourne and J. wilkin. 1996. The effect of sodium chlorice on germinum content of Acacia
seeds. Seed Sci. Technol., 25: 45-57.
Sadeghiyan, S. Y. and N. Yavari. 2004. Effect of water-deficit stress on germination and early seedling growth in sugar beet. Crop
Sci. 190: 138-144.
SAS user,s guide statistic (ver.9.1) SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
Serrano, R., F. C. Macia and V. Moreno. 1999. Genetic engineering of salt and drought tolerance with yeast regulatory genes.
Sci. Hortic. 78: 261-269.
Shahbaz, A., M .Anwar and H. Ullah. 1998. Wheat seed pre-soaking for improved germination. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 181: 125-127.
Shannon, M. C. 1998. Adaptation of plant to salinity. Adv. Agron. 60: 75-119.
Shivankar, R. S., D. B. Deore and N. G. Zode. 2003. Effect of pre-sowing seed treatment on establishment and seed yield of
sunflower. J. Oilseeds Res. 20: 299-300.
Singh, B. G., 1995. Effect of hydration-dehydration seed treatments on vigour and yield of sunflower. Indian J. Plant Physiol.,
38: 66-68.
Soltani, A., S. Galeshi, E. Zeinali and N. latifi. 2002. Germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of chickpea
as affected by salinity and seed size. Seed Sci. Technol. 30: 51-60.
Srinivasan K., S. Saxena and B.B. Singh. 1999. Osmo-and hydropriming of mustard seeds to improve vigour and some biochemical
activities. Seed Sci. Technol. 27: 785-793.
.
-
Thornton, J. M and A. A. Powell. 1992. Short term aerated hydration for the improved of seed quality on Brassica oleracea
.
Seed Sci. Technol. 2: 41-49.
Weiss, E. A. 2000. Safflower. In: Oilseed Crops, Blackwell Sci. Ltd. 93-129.