نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج

2 دانشیارپژوهش مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال-کرج

3 استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج

چکیده

     به­منظور بررسی تأثیر ضدعفونی با قارچ­کش ویتاواکس تیرام و حشره­کش ایمیداکلوپراید بر برخی شاخص­های جوانه­زنی و بنیه بذر ذرت هیبرید سینگل کراس704، این پژوهش در آزمایشگاه دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج به اجرا درآمد. بذرهای تولید مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه با حشره­کش ایمیداکلوپراید(گائوچو)در دو میزان 3 و 6 گرم در یک کیلو‌گرم بذر، قارچ‌کش کاربوکسین تیرام در دو میزان 2 و 2.5 در هزار و 3 گرم گائوچو + 2 در هزار کاربوکسین تیرام ضدعفونی شدند و بذرهای ضدعفونی نشده به­عنوان شاهد محسوب گردید. بذرهای ضدعفونی شده و شاهد به­مدت3 ماه در انبار با دمای اتاق(25 درجه سانتی­گراد) ذخیره شدند. سپس آزمون­جوانه­زنی استاندارد انجام گردیده و درصد جوانه­زنی نهایی(قوه نامیه)، درصد گیاهچه ­های عادی و برخی خصوصیات مرتبط با بنیه بذر شامل طول گیاهچه، طول ریشه ­­چه و ساقه­چه، وزن خشک ساقه‌چه، وزن خشک ریشه­­ چه، وزن خشک گیاهچه، شاخص وزنی و طولی بنیه گیاهچه اندازه­گیری شدند و داده­های آزمایش به ­صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تکرار تجزیه آماری شدند. نتایج مقایسه میانگین­ های­ تیمار ضدعفونی بیشترین و کم­ترین درصد جوانه ­زنی نهایی به ترتیب مربوط به تیمار گائوچو 6 گرم و بذرهای شاهد بود، بیشترین و کم­ترین متوسط زمان جوانه­ زنی به ترتیب مربوط به بذرهای شاهد و تیمار کاربوکسین تیرام 2 درهزار بود، همچنین بیشترین وکم­ترین شاخص وزنی بنیه گیاهچه مربوط به تیمار گائوچو6 گرم و کاربوکسین تیرام 2 در هزار بود.  بنابراین می­توان نتیجه گرفت که تیمارهای ضدعفونی مانع از فرسودگی سریع بذر گردیدند، لذا ضدعفونی برای حفظ و بهبود کیفیت بذرتوصیه می­شود.

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