نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه یاسوج

3 دانشگاه پیام نور

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سابق علوم و تکنولوژی بذر

5 کارشناس پژوهشی

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر نیترو پروساید سدیم به عنوان ترکیب آزاد کتتده اکسید نیتروژن در بهبود کارآیی بذرهای زوال یافته کدوی پوست کاغذی تحت تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه تکنولوژی بذر دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان انجام شد. پیش‌تیمار غلظت‌های مختلف نیتروپروساید سدیم شامل صفر (پیش‌تیمار شده با آب)، 25، 50 و 75 میکرومولار در سطوح خشکی صفر، 2/0-، 4/0- و 6/0- مگاپاسکال مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. شاخص‌های درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، بنیه بذر، طول گیاهچه، هیدرات‌های کربن‌ محلول، پروتئین‌های محلول، هدایت الکترولیتی غشاء، مالون دی‌آلدهید، فعالیت آنزیم های کاتالاز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد پیش‌تیمار بذرها با غلظت‌های مختلف نیترو پروساید سدیم، از کاهش معنی‌دار شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذرهای زوال یافته کدوی پوست کاغذی تحت تنش خشکی جلوگیری نمود. به‌طوری‌که در پتانسیل 6/0- مگاپاسکال، پیش‌تیمار بذرها با 75 میکرومولار نیترو پروساید سدیم سبب افزایش سرعت جوانه‌زنی، شاخص بنیه بذر، قندها و پروتئین‌های محلول به-ترتیب به‌میزان 25، 1/214، 8/90، 1/117 درصد و برای فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز به‌ترتیب حدود 34، 5/14و 4/41 درصد نسبت به شاهد گردید. بنابراین پیش‌تیمار نیتروپروساید سدیم به‌ویژه با غلظت 75 میکرومولار به دلیل کاهش تنش اکسیداتیو ناشی از زوال و خشکی برای کدوی پوست کاغذی قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Abbasi, A.R., R. Sarvastani, B. Mohammadi, and A. Bagheri. 2014. Drought stress induced change at physiological and biochemical levels in some common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) genotypes. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. 505–516.
Arc, E., J. Sechet, F. Corbineau, L. Rajjou, and A. Marionpoll. 2013. ABA crosstalk with ethylene and nitric oxide in seed dormancy and germination. Front. Plant Sci. 4: 1–19.
Asadi-Sanam, S., M. Zavareh, and A. Hashempour. 2015. Protective effect of exogenous nitric oxide on alleviation of oxidative damage induced by high salinity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. Iran Agric. Res. 34(1): 63–70.
Besson-Bard, A., C. Courtois, A. Gauthier, J. Dahan, G. Dobrowolska, S. Jeandroz, and D. Wendehenne. 2008. Nitric oxide in plants: production and cross-talk with Ca 2+ signaling. Molecular Plant. 1(2): 218-228.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A dye binding assay for protein. Analyt Biochem.72: 248-254.
Cakmak, I., and W. Horst. 1991. Effect of aluminium on lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities in root tip of soybean (Glycine max). Plant Physiol. 83: 463–468.
Cavalcanti, F.R., J.T.A. Oliveira, A.S. Martins-Miranda, R.A. Viégas, and J.A.G. Silveira. 2004. Superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities do not confer protection against oxidative damage in salt-stressed cowpeas leaves. New Phytol. 163: 563–571.
Delouche, J.C., and C.C. Baskin. 1973. Accelerated ageing technique for predicting relative storability of seed lots. Seed Sci. Technol. 1: 427-452.
Dong, L., Z. Hao, Z. Li, and Q. Wang. 2014.Enhancement of welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) seed vigor by KNO3 priming. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. 16: 1345–1353.
Ellis, R.A., and E.H. Roberts. 1981.The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed Sci. Technol. 9: 373–409.
Fu, Y.B., Z. Ahmed, and A. Diederichsen. 2015. Towards a better monitoring of seed ageing under ex situ seed conservation. Conserv. Physiol. 3: 1–16.
Garcı́a-Mata, C., and L. Lamattina. 2001. Nitric oxide induces stomatal closure and enhances the adaptive plant responses against drought stress. Plant Physiol. 126(3): 1196-1204.
Giannopolitis, C., and S. Ries. 1977. Superoxid desmutase. I: Occurence in higher plant. Plant Physiol. 59: 309–314.
Hampton, J.G., and D.M. TeKrony. 1995. Handbook of Vigour Test Methods. The international Seed Testing Association, Zurikh.
Hamzei, J., and M. Babaei, 2015.Effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizing on phenology, grain yield and oil of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) in Hamadan region. J. Agric. Sci. Sustain. Prod. 25(2.1): 1-13.
Hayat, S., S. Yadav, M.N. Alyemeni, and A. Ahmad. 2014. Effect of sodium nitroprusside on the germination and antioxidant activities of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Bulg. J. Agric. Sci. 20 (1): 140–144.
He, J., Y. Ren, X. Chen, and H. Chen. 2014.Protective roles of nitric oxide on seed germination and seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under cadmium stress. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety. 108: 114-119.
Hou, L., W. Liu,  Z. Li,  C. Huang, X.L. Fang, Q. Wang, and X. Liu. 2014. Identification and Expression Analysis of Genes Responsive to Drought Stress in Peanut. Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 61(6): 842–852.
Irigoyen, J.J., D.W. Emerich, and M. Sanchez-Diaz. 1992. Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants. Physiol. Plant. 84: 55-60.
ISTA. 2007. International Rules for Seed Testing. Seed Sci. Technol. 13: 299–520.
Jisha, K.C., K. Vijayakumari, and J.T. Puthur. 2013. Seed priming for abiotic stress tolerance: an overview. Acta Physiol. Plant. 35: 1381–1396.
Jyoti, and C.P. Malik. 2013. Seed deterioration: a review. Int. J. Life Sci. Biotechnol. Pharma Res. 2(3): 374–385.
Job, C., L. Rajjou Lovigny, M. Belghazi and D. Job. 2005. Patterns of protein oxidation in Arabidopsis seeds and during germination. Plant Physiol. 138: 790–802.
Kapoor, R., A. Arya, M.A. Siddiqui, A. Amir, and H. Kumar. 2010. Seed Deterioration in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Accelerated Ageing. Asian J. Plant Sci. 9(3): 158-162.
Kibinza, S., J. Bazin, C. Bailly, J.M. Farrant, F. Corbineau, and H. El-Marrouf Bouteau. 2011. Catalase is a key enzyme in seed recovery from ageing during priming. Plant Sci. 181: 309-315.
Li, X., H. Jiang, F. Liu, J. Cai, T. Dai, W. Cao, and D. Jinag. 2013. Induction of chilling tolerance in wheat during germination by pre-soaking seed with nitric oxide and gibberellin. Plant Growth Regul. 71: 31–40.
Liu, X., L. Wang, L. Liu, Y. Guo, and H. Ren. 2013. Alleviating effect of exogenous nitric oxide in cucumber seedling against chilling stress. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 10(21): 4380-4386.
Liu, H.Y., X. Yu, D. Cui, M. Sun, W. Sun, Z. Tang, S. Kwak, and W. Su. 2007. The role of water channel proteins and nitric oxide signaling in rice seed germination. Cell Res. 17: 638-649.
Manai, J., H. Gouia, and F. J. Corpas.  2014. Redox and nitric oxide homeostasis are affected in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) roots under salinity-induced oxidative stress. J. Plant Physiol. 171(12): 1028-1035.
Michel, B.E., and M.R. Kaufmann. 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiol. 51: 914-916.
Miransari, M., and D.L. Smith. 2014. Plant hormones and seed germination. Environ. Exp. Bot. 99: 110– 121.
Nakano, Y., and K. Asada. 1981. Hydrogen peroxide scavenged by ascrobate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplast. Plant Cell Physiol. 22: 867–880.
Piterkova, J., L. Luhova, J. Hofman, V. Turec, O. Nova, M. Petrivalsky, and M. Fellner. 2012. Nitric oxide is involved in light-specific responses of tomato during germination under normal and osmotic stress conditions. Ann. Bot. 110: 767–776.
Qiao, W., C. Li, and L. M. Fan. 2014. Cross-talk between nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide in plant responses to abiotic stresses. Environ. Exp. Bot. 100: 84-93.
Rahnama-Ghahfarokhi, A., and R. Tavakkol-Afshari. 2007. Methods for dormancy breaking and germination of galbanum seeds (Ferula gummosa). Asian J. Plant Sci. 6: 611-616.
Rehman, H., H. Iqbal, S.M.A. Basra, I. Afzal, M. Farooq, A. Wakeel, and W. Ning. 2015. Seed priming improves early seedling vigor, growth and productivity of spring maize. J. Integ. Agric. 14(9): 1745–1754.
Sarath, G., G. Hou, L.M. Baird, and R.B. Mitchell. 2007. Reactive oxygen species, ABA and nitric oxide interactions on germination of warm-season C4-grasses. Planta. 226: 697–708.
Sedghi, M., A. Gholipour, and R. Seyyed Sharifi. 2008.γ-tocopherol accumulation and floral differentiation of medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbıta pepo L.) in response to plant growth regulators. Not. Bot. Hortic. Agrobot. 36 (1): 80-84.
Sheokand, S., V. Bhankar, and V. Sawhney. 2010.Ameliorative effect of exogenous nitric oxide on oxidative metabolism in NaCl treated chickpea plants.Brazilian J. Plant Physiol. 22(2):81-90.
Sirova, J., M. Sedlaova, J. Piterkova, L. Luhova, and M. Petrivalsky. 2011. The role of nitric oxide in the germination of plant seeds and pollen. Plant Sci.181:560–572.
Tabatabaei, S.A. 2013. The Effect of priming on germination and enzyme activity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds after accelerated aging. J. Physiol. Biochem. 9 (4): 132-138.
Tanou, G., C. Job, L. Rajjou, E. Arc, M. Belghazi, G. Diamantidis, A. Molassiotis, and D. Job. 2009. Proteomics reveals the overlapping roles of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in the acclimation of citrus plants to salinity. Plant J. 60:795–804.
Tian, Q. Y., D. H. Sun, M. G. Zhao, and W. H. Zhang. 2007. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) underline alaminium-induced inhibition of root elongation in Hibiscus moscheutos. New Physiol. 174: 322-331
Varier, A., A.K., Vari, and M. Dadlani. 2010. The subcellular basis of seed priming. Current Sci. 99(4): 450-456.
Wu, X., W. Zhu, H. Zhang, H. Ding, and H.J. Zhang. 2011. Exogenous nitric oxide protects against salt induced oxidative stress in the leaves from two genotypes of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Acta Physiol. Planta. 33: 1199–1209.
Xia, F., X.Wang, M. Li, and P. Mao. 2015. Mitochondrial structural and antioxidant system responses to aging in oat (Avena sativa L.) seeds with different moisture contents. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 94: 122-129.
Yan, M. 2015. Hydropriming promotes germination of aged napa cabbage seeds. Seed Sci. Technol. 43(2): 303-307.
Yin, X., D. He, R. Gupta, and P. Yang. 2015. Physiological and proteomic analyses on artificially aged Brassica napus seeds. Front. Plant Sci. 6: 1-11.
Zanardo, D. I., F. M. Zanardo, M. de Lourdes Ferrarese, J. R. Magalhaes, and O. Ferrarese-Filho. 2005. Nitric oxide affecting seed germination and peroxidase activity in canola (Brassica napus L.). Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants. 11(1): 81.
Zhang, L., Y. Zhao, Y. Zhai, M. Gao, X. Zhang, K. Wang, W. Nan, and J. Liu. 2012. Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on glycinebetaine metabolism in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings under drought stress. Pak. J. Bot. 44(6): 1837-1844.
Zheng, C., D. Jiang, F. Liu, T. Dai, W. Liu, Q. Jing, and W. Cao. 2009. Exogenous nitric oxide improves seed germination in wheat against mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by high salinity. Environm. Exp. Bot. 67(1): 222-227.