تأثیر تلقیح بذر با قارچ میکوریزا آربوسکولار بر برخی شاخص‌های بیوشیمیایی و جوانه‌زنی بذر ذرت هیبرید سینگل‌کراس 704 تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار فیزیولوژی گیاهی، واحد کلیبر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی کلیبر، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تلقیح بذر با قارچ میکوریزا آربوسکولار بر برخی از خصوصیات شیمیایی و جوانه‌زنی بذر گیاه ذرت در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه فیزیولوژی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردبیل درسال 1394 اجرا گردید. فاکتور‌های مورد بررسی شامل چهار سطح تنش خشکی (صفر، 4-، 8- و 12- بار) و پرایمینگ بذر با سه گونه قارچ میکوریزا (فونلی فورمیس موسه آ، ریزوگلوموس فسیکولاتوم و کلاروئیدوگلوموس اتانیکاتوم) و تیمار بدون تلقیح قارچی به عنوان شاهد بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تنش خشکی و تلقیح بذر با قارچ‌های میکوریزا بر مؤلفه‌های جوانهزنی، محتوای پروتئین بذر و آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی دار بود. بذرهای تلقیح یافته با ریزوگلوموس فسیکولاتوم از افزایش میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت و محتوای پروتئین بذر بیشتری در مقایسه با عدم تلقیح برخوردار بودند. در شرایط تنش خشکی، گیاه برای کاهش اثرات تنش اکسیداتیو منجر به افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان شده است. نتایج مقایسه میانگین داده‌ها نشان داد که با افزایش تنش خشکی درصدجوانه‌زنی و شاخص میزان جوانه‌زنی کاهش و متوسط مدت زمان جوانه‌زنی افزایش یافت. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده در این تحقیق به نظر می‌رسد قارچ‌های میکوریزا به واسطه بهبود جذب آب و عناصر غذایی در گیاه در شرایط تنش، موجب حفظ رشد گیاه می‌گردند. بنابراین میتوان پیشنهاد کرد که بهمنظور بهبود مؤلفه‌های جوانهزنی و خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی، تلقیح بذر ذرت با ریزوگلوموس فسیکولاتوم به کار برده شود.

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