نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام، گروه تخصصی زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، ایلام، ایران.
2 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام، گروه تخصصی زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، ایلام، ایران.
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر بیوپرایمینگ بذر گندم با رایزوباکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه (PGPR) بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانتی گیاهچه و شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی دو رقم گندم نان تحت شرایط تنش شوری، آزمایشی در سال 1396 در آزمایشگاه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 3 تکرار اجرا گردید. تنش شوری شامل: صفر (شاهد)، 50، 100 و 200 میلی‌مولار نمک کلرید سدیم، باکتری‌های PGPR شامل: عدم تلقیح بذر با PGPR (شاهد) و تلقیح بذر با PGPR و ارقام گندم شامل: تجن و افق بود. جنس و گونه‌های باکتری‌های PGPR مورد استفاده در این پژوهش شامل chroococcum Azotobacter، Azospirillum berasilense وpotida Pseudomonas بود که از موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور تهیه شد. صفات آزمایشی شامل فعالیت آنزیم‌های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز (SOD)، کاتالاز (CAT) و گلوتاتیون پرواکسیداز (GPX)، وزن خشک ریشه‌چه، ساقه‌چه و گیاهچه، درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی و شاخص بنیه بذر بود. اثر ساده عوامل آزمایش بر تمام صفات بسیار معنی‌دار (01/0≥P) شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که رقم افق نسبت به تجن از نظر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، وزن خشک ریشه‌چه، ساقه‌چه و گیاهچه و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانتی برتر بود. با افزایش شدت تنش شوری همه صفات روند کاهشی داشتند. تیمار پرایم بذر با PGPR در مقایسه با تیمار عدم مصرف باکتری‌های PGPR باعث بهبود صفات آزمایش شد. به‌طورکلی، نتایج آزمایش نشان داد، پرایمینگ بذور گندم با باکتری‌های PGPR در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد (عدم پرایمینگ بذر) از طریق بهبود شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و مقدار فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانتی گیاهچه تا حدودی آثار مخرب تنش شوری را کاهش داد.
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