نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
عضو هیأت علمی، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
چکیده
به‌منظور ارزیابی تغییرات بیوشیمیایی در طی زوال بذر سویا، تحقیقی به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کامل تصادفی اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل قوه نامیه در دو سطح قوه نامیه 80% و 90%، سه میزان رطوبت اولیه بذر شامل رطوبت پایین (10%)، رطوبت متوسط (12%) و رطوبت بالا (14%) و دو شرایط انبارکردن شامل انبار متداول نگهداری بذر سویا در مغان و انبار با دما و رطوبت کنترل شده در نظر گرفته شد. صفات درصد جوانه‌زنی، بنیه، میزان پروتئین، قندهای محلول، مالون دی آلدئید، فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند. بررسی تغییرات بیوشیمیایی بذرهای زوال یافته در طی انبار کردن نشان داد که با افزایش زوال بذرها میزان قندهای محلول و درصد پروتئین کاهش یافت و نگهداری بذرها در شرایط نامناسب باعث کاهش معنی‌دار در میزان قندهای محلول و پروتئین کل بذر شد. همچنین با افزایش رطوبت بذر که افزایش زوال بذر را در پی داشت از محتوای قندهای محلول و پروتئین کل به-طور معنی‌داری کاسته شد. بین بذرهای با قوه نامیه اولیه متفاوت تفاوت معنی‌داری دیده شد و بذرهای با قوه نامیه اولیه 90 درصد به‌طور معنی‌داری محتوای قندهای محلول و درصد پروتئین بالاتری داشتند. همچنین با اندازه‌گیری میزان مالون دی-آلدئید و فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز مشخص گردید بین میزان زوال بذر با میزان مالون دی‌آلدئید و فعالیت آنزیم‌های تنظیف همبستگی بالایی مشاهده گردید. همراه با کاهش میزان جوانه‌زنی و کیفیت بذر سویا پس از انبارکردن، میزان پراکسیداسیون چربی‌ها افزایش و زوال بذر از فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز در طی انبارکردن کاست.
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