نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 گروه مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.
3 گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
چکیده
در این پژوهش تاثیر امواج فراصوت بر جوانه زنی و شاخص بنیه بذر زیره سیاه ایرانی (Bunium persicum Boiss.) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها و بهینه سازی آزمایش از روش سطح پاسخ و طرح مرکب مرکزی استفاده شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل زمان اعمال تیمار فراصوت (5، 7 و 9 دقیقه)، توان فراصوت (130، 180 و230 وات) و دمای فراصوت (10، 20 و 30 سلسیوس) و هم چنین تیمار شاهد بر جوانه‌زنی و شاخص بنیه بذر زیره سیاه بود. نتایج بیانگر تاثیر معنی‌دار تیمارهای زمان و توان امواج فراصوت بر صفات مورد مطالعه بود ولی متغیر دما بر صفات مورد مطالعه تاثیر معنی‌داری نداشت. بیشترین میزان جوانه‌زنی (61 درصد) و شاخص بنیه بذر (800) در توان 180 وات و مدت زمان اعمال تیمار فراصوت 7 دقیقه و دمای °C 20 مشاهده شد و کمترین میزان جوانه‌زنی (5/24 درصد) و شاخص بنیه بذر (462) مربوط به تیمار 230 وات و مدت زمان 9 دقیقه در دمای °C 20 بود. همچنین نتایج بهینه‌سازی نشان داد که بهترین نقاط برای توان، زمان و دما برای دستیابی به بیشترین مقادیر درصد جوانه‌زنی و شاخص بنیه بذر به ترتیب 47/175 وات، 37/6 دقیقه و دمای°C 36/19 بود و مقادیر خروجی (درصد جوانه زنی و شاخص بنیه بذر) به ترتیب در این نقاط 02/63 درصد و 39/808 به دست آمدند. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش و یا کاهش زمان و توان اعمال فراصوت از محدوده معینی باعث کاهش درصد جوانه‌زنی و شاخص بنیه بذر می‌گردد.
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