Abdul Baki, A.A., and J.D. Anderson. 1973. Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiplication. Crop Sci. 3: 630-633.
Al-Ansari, F., and T. Ksiksi. 2016. A Quantitative Assessment of Germination Parameters: the Case of Crotalaria Persica and Tephrosia Apollinea. Open Ecol. J. 9(1): 13-21.
Alebrahim, M., M.H. Mohassel, F. Maighany, and M. Baghestani. 2011. Study of Different Techniques for Breaking Dormancy and Optimum Temperature for Germination of Russian Knapweed (Acroptilon repens). Plant Prot. 24(4):391-397.
Abbasian, A., G. Asadi, and R. Ghorbani. 2017. The effect of temperature on some germination index of invasive plant of Centaurea balsamita and determination of its germination Cardinal Temperatures, Iranian J. Seed Sci. Technol. 5(2): 215-222. (In Persian)
Asgarpour, R., R. Ghorbani, and M. Khajeh Hosseini. 2014. Effect of environmental factors on wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) germination- a new introduced weed in soybean field, Weed Res, 5(2): 183-198.
Asgarpour, R., R. Ghorbani, M. Khajeh-Hosseini, E. Mohammadvand, and B.S. Chauhan. 2015. Germination of spotted spurge (Chamaesyce maculata) seeds in response to different environmental factors. Weed Sci. 63(2):502-510.
Baskin, C. C., J.M. Baskin, and E.W. Chester. 2000. Effect of flooding on the annual dormancy cycle and germination of seeds of the summer annual Achoenoplectus purshianus. Aquatic Bot. 67: 109-116.
Baskin, C. C. and J. M. Baskin. 1998. Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. San Diego, CA: Academic.
Booth, B. D. S.D. Murphy, and C.J. Swanton. 2003. Weed ecology in natural and agricultural systems. Pp 93-94. CAB International, Wallingford.
Bradford, K.J. 2002. Application of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy.Weed Sci.50: 248-260.
Daneshmandi, M.Sh., and S.M. Nabavi Kalat. 2015. Responses of Corn 704 Single Cross (Zea maize) seed germination to acid rain stress. Iranian J. Seed Sci. Technol. 4(2): 57-69. (In Persian, with English Abstract)
Chachalis, D., and K.N. Reddy. 2000. Factors affecting Campsis radicans seed germination and seedling emergence. Weed Sci. 48: 212-216.
Fenner, M., and K. Thompson. 2005. The Ecology of Seeds.
Fenner, M. 2009. The ecology of seeds. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Forcella, F. 1998. Real-time assessment of seed dormancy and seedling growth for weed management. Seed Sci. Res. 8:201-209.
Gessler, N., and M. Pessarakli. 2009. Growth Responses and Nitrogen Uptake of Salt grass under Salinity Stress. Turfgrass, Landscape and Urban IPM Research Summary. 32-38.
Ghaffari, S. M., and M.A. Shahraki. 2001. Some Chromosome Counts and Meiotic Behavior in Centaurea Species from Iran. Iranian J. Bot. 9(1): 11-18.
Grundy, A.C., and N.E. Jones. 2002. Seedbanks. Pp 39-63. In R.E.L. Naylor (ed.). Weed Management Handbook, 9th ed. Blackwell Science for the BCPC.
Leon, R.G., and A.D. Knapp. 2004. Effect of temperature on the germination of common waterhemp (Amaranthus theophrasti). Weed Sci. 52:67-73.
Nandula, V.K., T.W. Eubank, D.H. Poston, C.H. Koger, and K.N. Reddy. 2006. Factors affecting germination of horseweed (Conyza canadensis). Weed Sci. 54:898-902.
Razaghi Yadak, F., and R. Tavakkol Afshari. 2011. Effect of drought stress on seed embryo axis phosphatase activities during early stages of germination of two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars. Iranian J. Field Crop Sci. 41(2): 385-393. (In Persian)
Rechinger KH. 1979. Compositae-Cynareae. Vol. 139a, Pp 331 – 333. In K.H. Rechinger (ed.). Flora Iranica. Akademische Druckund Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria.
Sarani, H., E. Izadi Darbandi, A. Ghanbari, and A. Rahemi. 2019. Effect of Temperature and Light on Germination Characteristics of Japanese Morning Glory (Ipomoea nil): Determination of Cardinal Temperaturesof Germination. Iranian J. Seed Res. 6(1): 115-127.
Soltani, A., S. Galeshi, E. Zenali, and N. Latifi. 2001. Germination seed reserve utilization and growth of chickpea as affected by salinity and seed size. Seed Sci Techno. 30:51-60.
Wagenitz G., F. Hellwig, P. Gerald, and M. Ludwig. 2006. Two new species of Centaurea (Compositae, Cardueae) from Turkey. Willdenowia. 36: 423–434.
Zhou, J., E.L. Deckard, and W.H. Ahrens. 2005. Factors affecting of hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides) seeds. Weed Sci.53:41-45.
)