نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه شاهد
2 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی دانشگاه شاهد تهران
چکیده
به منظور بررسی تأثیر پیش‌تیمار زیستی بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، رشدی و رنگیزه گیاه کتان تحت تنش شوری، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه‌ی کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال 1397 در دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهد اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل چهار سطح شوری (صفر (شاهد)، 5/2، 5 و 5/7 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) و تیمارهای زیستی در چهار سطح (شاهد، باکتری، قارچ و برهم‌کنش قارچ و باکتری) بودند. اثر تیمار زیستی بر درصد جوانه‌زنی معنی‌دار بود و بالاترین درصد جوانه‌زنی (99 درصد) در تیمار قارچ حاصل شد. اثر شوری و تیمار زیستی بر میانگین مدت زمان جوانه‌زنی و ضریب جوانه‌زنی معنی‌دار بود. کمترین میزان مدت زمان جوانه‌زنی (79/3 روز) در تیمار تلفیق قارچ و باکتری حاصل شد که نشان از موثر بودن این تیمار نسبت به سایر تیمار زیستی می‌باشد. با افزایش سطح شوری میانگین مدت زمان جوانه‌زنی افزایش یافت. شوری باعث کاهش طول ریشه‌چه، ساقه‌چه و طول گیاهچه شد. میانگین‌های طول ریشه‌چه در سطوح مختلف شوری تیمار زیستی قارچ نسبت به تیمارهای دیگر زیستی بالاترین مقدار را دارا بود. اثر متقابل شوری و تیمار زیستی بر کلروفیل a و کلروفیل کل معنی‌دار بود. با افزایش غلظت شوری، از میزان رنگیزه‌های گیاهی کاسته شد. بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل a (52/16 میکرو مول بر میلی‌لیتر) در تیمار زیستی شاهد و شوری صفر حاصل گردید. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که استفاده از ریزموجوداتی مانند قارچ و باکتری در تنش شوری می‌تواند از اثرات منفی شوری بر جوانه‌زنی و رشد این گیاه کم کند.
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