نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 اســتادیار، گــروه مهندســی تولیــد و ژنتیــک گیاهــی، دانشــکده علــوم و مهندســی کشــاورزی، دانشــگاه رازی، کرمانشــاه، ایــران
2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
چکیده
در این پژوهش اثر نانوذرات نقره و اسیدهیومیک بر برخی ویژگی‌های مرفولوژیک دانه‌رست کینوا تحت تنش خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. آزمایش شامل سه سطح نانوذره نقره (صفر، 10 و 20 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانونقره)، سه سطح اسیدهیومیک (صفر، 100 و 300 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) و سه سطح تنش خشکی (صفر، 6- و 12- بار) بود. بیشترین میزان بنیه‌ی بذر و سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذر در بالاترین سطح نانوذره نقره و اسیدهیومیک مشاهده گردید که نشان‌دهنده‌ی تأثیر مثبت نانوذره نقره و اسیدهیومیک بر درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی و بنیه‌ی بذر کینوا است. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده برخلاف نانوذرات نقره و اسیدهیومیک تنش خشکی منجربه کاهش درصد جوانه‌زنی و خصوصیات رشدی دانه‌رست کینوا شد.کاهش جذب آب توسط بذر در شرایط تنش خشکی سبب کاهش فرایندهای فیزیولوژیکی و متابولیکی بذر می‌شود. نانوذرات می‌توانند به دیواره سلولی نفوذ کنند و منافذ جدیدی را برای نفوذ آب در پوسته بذر ایجاد کنند و به این ترتیب سرعت جوانه‌زنی را افزایش دهند. با افزایش غلظت نانوذرات نقره و اسیدهیومیک میزان پرولین، قندهای محلول، فنل کل، فلاونوئید و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز تحت شرایط تنش خشکی افزایش نشان داد که بیانگر نقش مثبت نانوذرات نقره و اسیدهیومیک برای افزایش تحمل به خشکی در گیاه کینوا است. در نتیجه کاربرد اسیدهیومیک در غلظت 300 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر همراه با 20 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانوذرات نقره برای بهبود جوانه‌رنی و رشد دانه‌رست کینوا تحت شرایط تنش خشکی توصیه می‌شود.
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