نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران
چکیده
حنا (Lawsonia inermis L.) درختچه‌ای زینتی و دارویی، حاوی ماده موثره لاوسون بوده که در برخی از مناطق جنوب و جنوب شرق ایران کشت می‌شود. تنش شوری یکی از عمده‌ترین تنش‌های محیطی غیر زیستی است که تمام مراحل رشد و نمو گیاه را تحت تاثیر قرار می‌دهد. پلی‌آمین‌ها از جمله پوترسین می‌توانند نقش مهمی در رشد و نمو گیاه و پاسخ به تنش ایفا کنند. به منظور بررسی تاثیر پوترسین و تنش شوری NaCl بر برخی از شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار در ژرمیناتور به مدت 11 روز اجرا شد. فاکتور اول سطوح پوترسین (صفر و 75/0 میلی‌مولار) و فاکتور دوم شامل چهار سطح تنش شوری (صفر، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌مولار) بود. نتایج نشان داد میان تیمارهای پوترسین اختلاف معنی‌داری در سطح شوری شاهد بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذور حنا به غیر از شاخص بنیه بذر وجود ندارد. اگرچه برهمکنش پوترسین در شوری سبب کاهش آثار منفی تنش شوری 50 و 100 میلی‌مولار بر سرعت جوانه‌زنی شد، ولی سبب تشدید آثار منفی تنش شوری 150 میلی‌مولار بر درصد جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه، طول ساقه‌چه، وزن گیاهچه، شاخص بنیه بذر و فعالیت آلفاآمیلاز در مقابسه با شاهد شد. نتایج نشان داد که جوانه‌زنی بذور حنا حساس به تنش شوری است و تنها قادر به تحمل سطوح پایین تنش شوری (50 میلی‌مولار) می‌باشند. با توجه به همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری بین فعالیت آنزیم آلفاآمیلاز و درصد جوانه‌زنی (r=0.98)، می‌توان استنباط کرد که احتمالاً تغییر در فعالیت آنزیم آلفاآمیلاز سبب کاهش درصد جوانه‌زنی شده است.
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