نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترای زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.
3 عضو هیأت علمی، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
چکیده
به منظور بررسی اثر تاریخ کشت بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی و فعالیت بیوشیمیائی بذر در ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف کینوا، آزمایشی در آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی فیزیولوژی و زیست فناوری بذر دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان در سال 1399 اجرا شد. آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. بذور سه ژنوتیپ T، R و Q29 در شش تاریخ کشت 15 دی، 15 بهمن، 15 اسفند، 15 فررودین، 15 اردیبهشت و 15 خرداد در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج کشت شدند. بذور برداشت‌شده از تیمارهای موجود در مزرعه به منظور بررسی ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی و بنیه بذر به آزمایشگاه منتقل شده و صفات درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول و و زن خشک گیاهچه، شاخص طولی و وزنی بنیه بذر و هدایت الکتریکی محلول بذر و صفات بیوشیمیایی محتوای پروتئین محلول، محتوای مالون‌دی‌آلدئید، فعالیت آنزیم آلفاآمیلاز، کاتالاز و پراکسیداز اندازه‌گیری شد. برهمکنش دو عامل بر درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، تعداد گیاهچه غیرطبیعی، فعالیت آنزیم‌های آلفاآمیلاز، کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و سوپراکسیددیسموتاز و محتوای پروتئین محلول، محتوای مالون دی‌آلدئید و هدایت الکتریکی محلول بذر معنی‌دار شد. سه تاریخ کشت دی، بهمن و اسفند در ژنوتیپ Q29 بالاترین درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی و فعالیت آنزیم آلفاآمیلاز و بالاترین تعداد گیاهچه غیرطبیعی را نشان دادند، هدایت الکتریکی محلول بذر و محتوای مالون‌دی‌آلدئید در ژنوتیپ Q29، بالاتر از دو ژنوتیپ دیگر بود.
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