نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد شوشتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شوشتر ، ایران
چکیده
این آزمایش بهمنظور ارزیابی اثرات اسمو-پرایمینگ بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی، گیاهچهای و برخی ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیکی دو رقم کلزا (Brassica napus L.) تحت شرایط شوری انجام گرفت. بذور دو رقم کلزای بهاره (Hayola 401 و Ocapi) با نیترات پتاسیم (KNO3) 5/29 میلیمولار بهمدت 12 ساعت در دمای 30 درجه سلسیوس پیشتیمار شدند. در آزمایش اول بعد از انجام پرایمینگ، 25 عدد بذر پرایمشده و نشده در پتردیشهایی با 4 سطح شوری (0، 50، 100 و 150 میلیمول نمکطعام) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار قرار داده شدند. نتایج نشان داد که درصد جوانهزنی بذور پرایمشده بیش از بذور پرایمنشده بود. بهنظر میرسد که تحمل به شوری در بذور پرایمشده در نتیجه توانمندی بالاتر این گیاهچهها در تنظیم اسمزی است. در آزمایش دوم نیز 20 عدد بذر پرایمشده و نشده در گلدانهابی که با نسبت 3 به 1 با پرلیت و پیت پر شده بودند، کشت شدند. گلدانها هر روز با محلولهای شوری (0، 50، 100 و 150 میلیمول نمکطعام) آبیاری شدند.نتایج نشان داد که تنش شوری وزن خشک گیاهچههای هر دو رقم را کاهش داد، اما وزن خشک گیاهچههای حاصل از بذور پرایمشده بیش از بذور پرایمنشده بود. نتایج برهمکنش چند جانبه نیز نشان داد که بذور پرایمشده فعالیت آنزیمی آنتیاکسیدانی بالاتر و محتوای قندهای محلول و پرولین بیشتری داشتند. درعین حال خسارت غشاء سلولی در آنها بهدلیل غلظت کمتر مالوندیآلدئید نسبت به بذور پرایمنشده پایینتر بود. تحت شرایط شوری 150 میلیمول، بیشترین وزن خشک، فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی، تجمع قندهای محلول و غلظت کمتر مالوندیآلدئید در رقم هایولا 401 مشاهده شد.
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