نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 بانک ژن منابع طبیعی ایران
2 عضو هیات علمی بانک ژن منابع طبیعی ایران
چکیده
بسیاری از کشاورزان بذور برداشتی را در فصل کشت بعدی استفاده می‌نمایند. آگاهی از بهترین شرایط ذخیره می‌تواند از زوال بذر در انبار ممانعت نموده و از اتلاف سرمایه جلوگیری نماید. در این پژوهش تأثیرات دمای انبار و طول دوره نگهداری بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر پونه‌سا (Nepeta haussknechtii، N. pogonosperma و N. glomerulosa subsp. Staffina) مطالعه شد. آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد که تیمارهای آزمایش شامل مدت زمان نگهداری در پنج سطح 0، 1، 2، 3 و 4 ماه و تیمار دمای نگهداری در سه سطح دمای اتاق، سردخانه های 4+ و 18- درجه سانتی‌گراد، و تیمار جوانه‌زنی بذر در دو سطح شاهد و کاربرد جیبرلین 250 پی‌پی‌ام بود. نتایج نشان داد تفاوت قابل ملاحظه ای در خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی بذرهای سه گونه پونه‌سا وجود دارد. بهطوری‌که گونه N. glomerulosa با 29 درصد، جوانه‌زنی پایینی نسبت به دو گونه N. haussknechtii و N. pogonosperma، با جوانه‌زنی 73 و 89 درصد نشان داد. نگهداری به‌مدت 3 تا 4 ماه میزان جوانه‌زنی بذور گونه N. glomerulosa را به میزان 53 درصد و گونه‌های N. haussknechtii و N. pogonosperma را به ترتیب به میزان 19 و 10 درصد افزایش داد. مطالعه نگهداری بذور در 25+، 4+ و 18- درجه سانتی‌گراد نشان داد بهترین دما برای نگهداری کوتاه مدت سه تا چهار ماهه، تا فصل کشت فصل بعدی، در گونه N. glomerulosa subsp. Staffina ، دمای 4+ درجه سانتی‌گراد و در گونه‌های N. haussknechtii و N. pogonosperma، دمای 18- درجه سانتی‌گراد است.
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