نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.
2 استاد علوم باغبانی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.
3 استادیار فیزیولوژی گیاهی، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
سالیسیلیک‌اسید(SA) نقش اساسی در تنظیم فرایندهای فیزیولوژیکی مختلف مانند رشد و نمو، جوانه‌زنی، گلدهی و بلوغ میوه دارد. در این تحقیق اثرات پرایمینگ بذر گوجه‌فرنگی (رقم تینا) با SA در برخی شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، رشد نشاء و خصوصیات کمی و کیفی میوه در مزرعه بررسی شد. تیمارها شامل پرایمینگ بذر در محلول SA با غلظت‌های صفر، 10/0، 25/0 و 50/0 میلی‌مولار به مدت 24 ساعت بود. سپس نشاء حاصل از پرایمینگ (25/0 و 50/0 میلی‌مولار) در گلخانه نمو پیدا کرده و گیاهچه به مزرعه منتقل شد. نتایج نشان داد SA منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی و همچنین افزایش تمام صفات نشاء گردید که اثر 50/0 میلی‌مولار معنی‌دار تر بود به طوری که در مقایسه با شاهد این غلظت باعث افزایش درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی (16 و 28 درصد) و وزن خشک اندام هوایی نشاء (124 درصد) گردید. همچنینSA باعث افزایش بهبود صفات اندازه گیری شده در مزرعه و صفات کیفی عصاره میوه شامل کاروتنوئید، اسیدآسکوربیک، اسیدیته و مواد جامد محلول کل گردید و برای کلیه صفت‌ها به‌جزء تعداد و وزن میوه در بوته، تفاوتی بین دو غلظت 25/0 و 50/0 میلی‌مولار SA مشاهده نشد. بیشترین تعداد و وزن میوه از تیمار 50/0 میلی‌مولار بدست آمد، بطوریکه عملکرد میوه نسبت به شاهد 75 در صد افزایش یافت. با توجه به مصرف ناچیز ماده شیمیایی و آسان بودن روش مصرف، پرایمینگ بذر با سالیسیلیک‌اسید می‌تواند به کاهش هزینه‌های تولید کمک نماید.
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