نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی فوق دکترا، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
3 پژوهشگر، گروه گیاهان دارویی، موسسه آموزش عالی جهاد دانشگاهی کرمانشاه،کرمانشاه، ایران.
چکیده
کاربرد نانوذرات جهت پرایمینگ بذر در مقایسه با فرم‌های بالک ممکن است سبب بهبود جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه شود. بنابراین این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر پرایمینگ بذر (با اکسید آهن بالک، نانوذره 100-1 نانومتر و 60-40 نانومتر در غلظت‌های صفر، 2، 4 و 8 گرم در لیتر، آب و عدم پرایمینگ) در سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی (شامل عدم تنش، 2-، 4- و 8- بار) با استفاده از پلی‌اتلین‌گلایکول 6000 بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه نخود رقم عادل انجام شد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در سه تکرار در دانشگاه رازی انجام شد. نتایج نشان دادند تنش خشکی 8- بار سبب توقف کامل جوانه‌زنی شد. تنش خشکی 4- بار پس از 8- بار سبب کاهش معنی‌دار و بیش‌تر درصد، سرعت و بنیه طولی جوانه‌زنی به ترتیب با 96، 93 و 40 درصد و افزایش 130 درصدی نسبت طول ریشه‌چه به ساقه‌چه در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد شد. تیمارهای پرایمینگ بذر بیش‌ترین اثر مثبت و معنی‌دار را بر سرعت و بنیه جوانه‌زنی در عدم تنش خشکی و بر درصد جوانه‌زنی در تنش خشکی داشتند. بیش‌ترین بنیه طولی و وزنی گیاهچه در تیمار پرایمینگ بذر با آهن نانوذره 60-40 نانومتر در غلظت 8 گرم در لیتر حاصل شد. به نظر می‌رسد تیمارهای پرایمینگ بذر در شرایط عدم تنش خشکی با بهبود بنیه و سرعت جوانه‌زنی و در تنش خشکی با بهبود درصد جوانه‌زنی، کیفیت جوانه‌زنی بذر را افزایش دادند. پرایمینگ بذر با آهن نانوذره 60-40 نانومتر از دیگر تیمارهای پرایمینگ بذر برتر بود.
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