نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت و کنترل بیابان، گروه بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه جنگلداری در مناطق خشک، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
3 استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی تیمارهای مختلف خراش‌دهی بذر بر سبز شدن بذر سنجد می‌باشد. این آزمایش در شهر سمنان صورت پذیرفت. تیمار خراش‌دهی بذر در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار (هر تکرار12 بذر) انجام شد. تیمارهای مورد استفاده برای شکستن خواب فیزیکی بذر سنجد شامل تیمار شاهد، NaOH 60 % با مدت زمان 20 و 30 دقیقه، H2SO4 98 % با مدت زمان 20 و 30 دقیقه، آب‌اکسیژنه 1% با مدت زمان 10 و 20 دقیقه، خراش‌دهی فیزیکی، آب جوش با مدت زمان 15 دقیقه و یخ‌آب(5 روز در دمای صفر درجه و سپس24 ساعت در دمای 25 درجه به مدت 3 روز) بود. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که در بین تیمارهای سبز شدن بذر سنجد شامل درصد سبز شدن ، سرعت سبز شدن ، شاخص بنیه بذر و میانگین زمان سبز شدن و نیز صفات سبز شدن بذر از جمله طول ساقه‌چه، تعداد برگچه، طول ریشه‌چه و شاخص‌های سبزشدن بذر مورد اندازه‌گیری اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت. بیشترین درصد سبز شدن به میزان 67/88 درصد در تیمار اسید سولفوریک 98 درصد به مدت 20 دقیقه بود. همچنین بیشترین شاخص بنیه بذر (96درصد)، میانگین طول ریشه‌چه(48 میلی‌متر)، میانگین طول ساقه‌چه (60 میلی‌متر) و میانگین تعداد برگچه(7/5 عدد) نیز در این تیمار مشاهده گردید. در مجموع نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که در تمامی پارامترهای مورد بررسی تیمار اسید سولفوریک 98 درصد به مدت 20 بالاترین مقادیر بدست آمد ولی دو تیمار یخ‌آب و تیمار آب جوش، سبب ممانعت از سبز شدن بذرهای سنجد شدند.
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