نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
2 استاد، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
3 استادیار، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
چکیده
کمبود آب در زیستبوم ایران و محدودبودن گونههای بومی مقاوم، اهمیّت گیاهان سازگار به خشکی را نمایان میسازد. جوانهزنی بذر یکی از مهمترین مراحل در چرخه زندگی گیاهان است و وابسته به شرایط بومشناختی و فیزیولوژیک گیاه میباشد. هدف مطالعه تأثیر عوامل بومشناختی، محیطی و فیزیولوژیکی درختان مادر بر جوانهزنی بذر کنار در استانهای فارس و بوشهر است. آزمایشها در محیط کنترلشده شامل شش تیمار مختلف انجام شد. تحلیل خوشه و مختصات اصلی با ضریب تشابه اقلیدوسی و نرمافزار PAST برای بررسی رابطه مناطق و صفات تعیینکننده انجام شد. بیشترین جوانهزنی در تیمار فاقد برونبر و خیساندن در آب مقطر (48 ساعت) بود. از سوی دیگر مقایسه رنگیزهها، در برگ درختان مادر شیراز و کنگان بالاترین میزان را نشان داد. بالاترین پرولین در برگهای فیروزآباد بود. بیشینه هدایت الکتریکی در جم و بیشینه فسفر و پتاسیم خاک در شیراز بود. درصد رس و سیلت در فیروزآباد بیشتر بود، امّا حداکثر درصد شن در کنگان گزارش گردید. تحلیل خوشه، مناطق را در دو خوشه مجزا قرار داد که با نتایج تحلیل مختصات اصلی تطابق دارد. در تحلیل تطبیقی قوسگیریشده، مهمترین عامل قرارگیری شیراز پتاسیم بود، درحالیکه کنگان و دهرم به علّت درصد سیلت، کاروتنوئید و مساحت برگ در کنار یکدیگر قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان میدهد که شرایط بومشناختی و فیزیولوژیکی درختان مادر، تأثیر مستقیمی بر جوانهزنی بذور دارد و رشد و سازگاری گیاه را تعیین میکند که توجه به این امر میتواند در توسعه کاشت این درخت در استانهای فارس و بوشهر بسیار مؤثر باشد.
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