Radman Karimi; Farshid Ghaderi-Far; A. Hamidi; Mohsen Malek; Hamid Reza Sadeghipour; Asieh Siahmarguee
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the effects of coating wheat cv. dryland Qaboos seeds by the liquid superabsorbent polymer AB200-c under water stress conditions. The factors of the experiments included different water potentials of 0, -0.3, -0.6,, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa and seed coating by superabsorbent ...
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This research was conducted to investigate the effects of coating wheat cv. dryland Qaboos seeds by the liquid superabsorbent polymer AB200-c under water stress conditions. The factors of the experiments included different water potentials of 0, -0.3, -0.6,, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa and seed coating by superabsorbent polymer at 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7 and 2 ml of super absorbent polymer per 100 grams seeds. The Hydrotime model based on binomial distribution was used to investigate the reaction of seed germination to different coating treatments and water stress. Seed coating by the superabsorbent polymer increased germination percentage compared to control seeds at water potentials of -0.9 and -1.2 MPa. Also, these treatments increased the growth rate of seedlings compared to control. Based on the analysis of the coefficients in the Hydrotime model, seeds coated by the superabsorbent polymer made more negative base water potential or greater tolerance to water stress; the value of this coefficient was -1.54 MPa in the control seeds but -1.83 MPa in the coated seeds. Accordingly, polymer coating increased the threshold of tolerance to water stress in wheat seeds. Also, differential coating of seeds with the superabsorbent polymer had significant effects on germination and seedling growth criteria, which point to the importance of using an appropriate amount of superabsorbent polymer in wheat seed coating treatment. Based on this research, seed coating with the superabsorbent polymer can be considered as an efficient technique for reducing the negative effects of water stress on wheat seed germination and seedling growth.
Simin Haghanifar; Marjan Diyanat; Aidin Hamidi; Fereidon Ghasemkhan ghajar; Elias Soltani
Abstract
This research was done in order to find the most effective treatment to break the hardness of Persian camelthorn (Alhagi camelorum) seeds, which is one of the major problems of its cultivation on a large scale. treatments including 98% sulfuric acid (treatments of 25, 30 and 35 minutes) and 100°C ...
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This research was done in order to find the most effective treatment to break the hardness of Persian camelthorn (Alhagi camelorum) seeds, which is one of the major problems of its cultivation on a large scale. treatments including 98% sulfuric acid (treatments of 25, 30 and 35 minutes) and 100°C hot water (treatments of 30 seconds, 1 and 3 minutes) were performed in comparison with the control. The factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design. The results showed that the populations had significant differences in terms of all traits and the difference between seed hardness treatments and their interaction effects for all traits was significant at the 1% level. The results of the findings show that the presence of the hard shell is a physical barrier and it acts as factors limiting germination by preventing the expansion of the embryo or by limiting water absorption and gas exchange. Therefore, applying a series of seed scratching treatments such as sulfuric acid treatment and 100°C water will improve the germination of the camelthorn seed. Because the use of treatments such as sulfuric acid involves problems such as the risk of working with acid, and also due to the cheapness and availability of water, the lack of special facilities and materials, the harmlessness and simplicity of working with it to stimulate germination and remove hardness, 100 °C water for 30 seconds and placement of seeds in 30 °C germinator is the priority for treating Iranian seeds.
maryam najafian; Ghasem tohidloo; A. Hamidi; farzad paknejad; mehdi rezaei
Abstract
In order to evaluate the genetic purity and originality of three common commercial cotton cultivars (Varamin, Khordad and Bakhtegan) using morphological characteristics and microsatellite markers, the seeds of these cultivars along with pure lines in the field in a two-year randomized complete block ...
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In order to evaluate the genetic purity and originality of three common commercial cotton cultivars (Varamin, Khordad and Bakhtegan) using morphological characteristics and microsatellite markers, the seeds of these cultivars along with pure lines in the field in a two-year randomized complete block design with four replications two methods of field growth test (GOT) and microsatellite markers were tested. The results of the GOT test showed that the pure samples of the cultivars were different from the off-type and non-pure samples in 7 morphological characteristics, and these traits, which are not influenced by the environment, can be used as a key to identify the desired cultivar. In the molecular test, out of 7 markers, 3 pairs were selected due to their resolution and the number of effective alleles (DPL431, DPL0513, and CIR246). Due to the similarity of the results of GOT methods and microsatellite markers and due to the high cost of the molecular method, this method can be used as a quick, case-by-case and complementary method to determine the genetic purity percentage of cultivars.
Khadijeh Sayahi; Amir Hossein Sari; A. Hamidi; Bahareh Nowruzi; Farshid Hassani
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of cold plasma on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of soybean commercial cultivars, an experiment in the form of a nest-factorial design with four replications was performed at the Plasma Physics Research Center of Islamic Azad University, Tehran ...
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In order to investigate the effect of cold plasma on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of soybean commercial cultivars, an experiment in the form of a nest-factorial design with four replications was performed at the Plasma Physics Research Center of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Research Sciences Branch and Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) in 2021. Seeds were exposed to cold plasma for 30, 60, 180, 300 and 420 seconds. In general, germination percentage from 0 to 66.97%, germination rate from 0 to 32.17%, germination index from 3.61 to 60.09%, mean germination time from 4.62 to 66.66%, root length 2.87 to 56.13%, seedling length 2.70 to 78.13%, normal seedling number 0 to 30.26% and seedling dry weight 1.36 to 36.63% increased compared to control treatment. The results of our study showed that 60 seconds treatment had the most positive effect on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of soybean.
hormoz asadi; Hamid Reza Gazor; Aidin Hamidi; Afshin Eivani
Abstract
Objectives of this study, determine value of irrigated wheat seed in waste for processing line, determine of cost and benefit, determine Breakeven price and calculate of economic profitability indices of wheat seed processing lines in Ram Sanat Bahare in Alborz and Akyurek Technology in Kordestan provinces. ...
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Objectives of this study, determine value of irrigated wheat seed in waste for processing line, determine of cost and benefit, determine Breakeven price and calculate of economic profitability indices of wheat seed processing lines in Ram Sanat Bahare in Alborz and Akyurek Technology in Kordestan provinces. This research carried out in 2018. Methodology of this study was profitability analysis by Economical engineering methods. According to the results, in Ram Sanat Bahare and Akyurek Technology, the gross value of process in waste of these lines was estimated 4.6 and 2.6 Iranian billion rials, Annual variables costs these lines was calculated 40.94 and 89.75 Iranian billion rials and the total gross value from sales of certifies seeded seeds sold and processed waste determined 55.2 and 104.8 Iranian billion rials, respectively. In Ram Sanat Bahare in Alborz, Breakeven price and gross margin of irrigated bread wheat (Pishgam cultivar) was estimated 14675 Iranian rial per kg and 14 Iranian billion rials, respectively. During (2017-2026), net present value (NPV) this line was 21.8 Iranian billion rials and benefit cost ratio was 1.05. In Akyurek Technology in Kordestan, Breakeven price and gross margin of dry bread wheat (Sardari cultivar) was estimated 17575.2 Iranian rial per kg and 20.34 Iranian billion rials, respectively. During analysis periods, net present value (NPV) this line was 98.7 Iranian billion rials and benefit cost ratio was 1.12. In general, the activity of wheat seed processing companies has been economic.
S. Sheidaei; Aidin Hamidi; Hossein Sadeghi; Bita Oskouei
Abstract
A factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the biochemical changes during the soybean seed deterioration based on a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of germination in two levels of minimum and high quality, three initial seed moisture content (low, medium and high moisture), ...
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A factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the biochemical changes during the soybean seed deterioration based on a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of germination in two levels of minimum and high quality, three initial seed moisture content (low, medium and high moisture), and two storage conditions were considered including the common storage in Moghan and the controlled storage condition. Indices of germination percentage, vigor and biochemical changes including protein content, soluble sugars, malondialdehyde, catalase and peroxidase enzymes were evaluated. The study of biochemical changes of deteriorated seeds during the storage showed that, with the increase of seeds’ deterioration, the soluble sugars and protein percentage decreased, as well. Moreover, seeds’ storage in poor condition caused a significant decrease in seeds’ soluble sugar and total protein content. Also, the increase of seed moisture was followed by further seed deterioration that significantly decreased the content of soluble sugars and total protein. Significant differences were observed between seeds with different initial germinations and they had significantly higher content of soluble sugars and protein percentages. Furthermore, measuring the amount of malondialdehyde and the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes indicated that there exists a significant correlation between the degree of seed deterioration with the level of malondialdehyde and the activity of scavenging enzymes. Overall, along with the decrease of germination and the quality of soybean seeds after the storage, the amount of lipids peroxidation increased and the seed deterioration decreased the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes during the storage.
Enayat Rezvani Khorshidi; Farshid Hasani; Mohammad Reza SHiri; Mehran Sharafizadeh; Aziz Moradi; Mohammad Rahmani; Aidin Hamidi; Mostafa Arabi
Abstract
In order to study the effect of seed size of hybrid maize (KSC704) at different sowing times on the indices related to percentage, rate, vigor and uniformity of seed emergence in the field, an experiment was conducted in two years 2012 and 2013 as a factorial design in Karaj. The female rows (B73 inbred ...
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In order to study the effect of seed size of hybrid maize (KSC704) at different sowing times on the indices related to percentage, rate, vigor and uniformity of seed emergence in the field, an experiment was conducted in two years 2012 and 2013 as a factorial design in Karaj. The female rows (B73 inbred line) were pollinated by male rows (Mo17 inbred line) in each plot. After different seed were determined, they cultivated in the field in the next year. Medium seeds in the first year and flat seeds in the second year had significantly the highest field emergence percentages nad round seeds had the lowest in both years. Flat seeds produced seedlings with the highest dry weight in both years. But in the aspect of emergence uniformity of seedling, medium seeds had a higher uniformity than the others. Despite the superiority of flat seeds in some indices, its superiority was not a definite issue, and in some of the important emergence indices, medium and even the round size had better field performance, depending on the environmental conditions of growth and development of the seeds on the ears of mother plant and at sowing time, and the compression of the seeds in different points of the ear, as well as desired purpose of cultivation. If vigorous seedlings are needed, the flat seeds, but if a higher emergence rate and uniformity is desired, the medium seeds and even round seeds can be better suited
Bita Oskouei; Aidin Hamidi; Saman Sheidaei; maryam divsalar; hossein sadeghi
Abstract
This experiment was done in seed and plant certification and registration institute laboratory in 2015. The treatments were corn seed produced in Karaj and Moghan , seed storing condition in two controlled and Free weather conditions stores also Disinfection and non- Disinfection. The experiment was ...
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This experiment was done in seed and plant certification and registration institute laboratory in 2015. The treatments were corn seed produced in Karaj and Moghan , seed storing condition in two controlled and Free weather conditions stores also Disinfection and non- Disinfection. The experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design in three replications. Germination percent of Karaj seeds before accelerated aging test was 92 percent and after 144 hours aging, it reduced 3 percent in controlled storage and it dropped 6 percent in Moghan conditions storage. While similar condition led to a decrease of 18 and 28 percent in Moghan seeds produced. When seeds were stored in controlled storage, indicated 17 percent higher protein content compared to storage in Moghan conditions. Catalase activity of Karaj seeds was higher than Moghan seeds (14%). Seed treatment had significant effect on peroxidase and MDA content, as peroxidase activity in treated seeds was 11 percent higher and MDA content was 8 percent lower than untreated seeds. Karaj seeds in controlled storage had the highest peroxidase activity and the lowest MDA content. So production seed conditions in Moghan was more critical in terms of temperature and humidity than Karaj so the biochemical properties of seeds have been affected. So that Moghan seeds had less storability after storing. On the other hand, seeds in Moghan store subjected to more critical temperature and humidity than controlled condition so more deteriorated.
Jafar Asghari; Mohammadreza Jazayeri; Idin Hamidi; Habib alah Samizadeh
Abstract
Genetic purity is one of the most important qualitative criteria for success in hybrid seeds production. In order to avoid reduction in yield caused by using presence of seeds resulting from self-pollinating and unwanted crossing or seed mixing, development of a simple, rapid, and accurate method for ...
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Genetic purity is one of the most important qualitative criteria for success in hybrid seeds production. In order to avoid reduction in yield caused by using presence of seeds resulting from self-pollinating and unwanted crossing or seed mixing, development of a simple, rapid, and accurate method for genetic purity assessment is of great importance. Accordingly, the genetic purity of 6 important Iranian commercial maize hybrid cultivars (KSC703, KSC704, KSC705, KSC706, Karun and Mobin) was evaluated by GOT and molecular markers. The results of GOT showed that the lowest and highest genetic purity belonged to Mobin (67.9%) and KSC704 (92.9%) hybrids, respectively. Out of the 11 SSR markers, 6 primers were selected since they have produced clear, scorable and unambiguous polymorphic bands among the parents, so that they could identify all hybrids from self-pollinated seeds and off-types. Due to the high correlation between GOT and molecular marker results, Hence, it is proposed that these SSR markers can be used in efficient analysis of hybrid seed purity since this technique is simple to use, more accurate and not affected by environment when compared with GOT.
A. Hamidi; Hossein Sadeghi; Hamidreza Gazor; Saman Sheidaei; Bita Oskouei; Hassan Mivechi; Mohammad Nouri; Shapour Alizadeh; Saber Seifamiri; Leila Zare; Azam Dashti
Abstract
This research in order to study on post-harvest process effect on 2 soybean commercial Williams and Saba (L17) in Moghan region was conducted as a 2×5, two cultivars× 5 post-harvest process stages including after harvest, after drying, after cleaning after packing and stacking and storage, ...
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This research in order to study on post-harvest process effect on 2 soybean commercial Williams and Saba (L17) in Moghan region was conducted as a 2×5, two cultivars× 5 post-harvest process stages including after harvest, after drying, after cleaning after packing and stacking and storage, factorial experiment based on completely randomized design by 3 replications. Studied traits were normal seedlings percent in standard germination test and after accelerated ageing test, seedling weight vigour index after standard germination test, broken seeds percent, cracked coat seeds percent and electrical conductivity. Results revealed Williams cultivar had more normal seedlings percent after accelerated ageing test and seedling weight vigour index after standard germination test and less cracked coat seeds percent. Also the least normal seedlings percent in standard germination test, normal seedlings percent after accelerated ageing test and seedling weight vigour index after standard germination test and the most broken seeds percent, cracked coat seeds percent and electrical conductivity investigated. Based on this research results Williams cultivar seeds had more germination ability and vigour preservation potential during post-harvest process stages than Saba (L17) cultivar. Also germination ability and vigour decrease after drying and storage stages revealed seed drying unsuitability.
S. Haghanifar; A. Hamidi; M.N. Ilikaee
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of treatment by Carboxin Thiram fungicide and Imidacoloropride pesticide on storability and some indicators of seed germination and vigor of maize single cross hybrid 704 in laboratory of department of agriculture at Islamic Azad University in Karaj. Seeds ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of treatment by Carboxin Thiram fungicide and Imidacoloropride pesticide on storability and some indicators of seed germination and vigor of maize single cross hybrid 704 in laboratory of department of agriculture at Islamic Azad University in Karaj. Seeds were prepared from Kermanshah Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Centre. Seeds were treated by pesticide, imidacloprid in two rates, 3 and 6 g per kg of seed, fungicide Carboxin Thiram in the 2 and 2.5 per thousand, and combined 3 g Gaucho + 2 per thousand Carboxin Thiraman and non- seed treatment were as a control. Treated seed and control seed stored at room temperature (25°c) 3 months. Then standard germination test was conducted and final germination percentage (FGP) was evaluated, normal seedling percentage and some related traits of seed vigor including seedling length, primary root and shoot length, root and shoot dry weight, seedling dry weight, seedling length and weight vigor indices were measured and the experiment was conducted as completely randomized design with 4 replications. The results showed that highest percentage of seed germination was related to treatments of imidacloprid 6 g and the lowest percentage of seed germination was related to control (non- seed treatment), the highest and lowest meantime of germination and control respectively Carboxin Thiram was 2 per thousand. The highest, the lowest weight and seedling vigor index of 2 per thousand treated by imidacloprid 6 grams and Carboxin Thiram. Therefore it can be concluded that seed sterilization as a method to prevent accelerated aging, is disinfectant to maintain and improve seed quality.
H. Zamani; H.R. Mobasser; A. Hamidi; A.R. Daneshmand
Abstract
In order to Study on effect of pelleting on flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tobacco L.)K326 cultivar various seed size germination and seedling emergence, this research conducted at Tirtash Tobacco Research and Education Center (in Behshahr) in 2014 by employing pan coater pelleting machine based ...
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In order to Study on effect of pelleting on flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tobacco L.)K326 cultivar various seed size germination and seedling emergence, this research conducted at Tirtash Tobacco Research and Education Center (in Behshahr) in 2014 by employing pan coater pelleting machine based on completely randomized design by four replication. First, seeds were cleaned and then primed by KNO3three percent concentration solution. Consequently, seeds pelletedby a composition of insecticide and fungicidesand a powder containing various materials. Pelleted seeds after drying, by 1, 1.5 and 2 mm round holesieves separated to three seed diameter size and in companion with crud (naked) and pelleted in other country seeds were experiment treatments. Also for evaluating effect of storage duration effect on studied traits, seeds stored for one year in 10centigrade degree. Normal seedlings percent immediately and one year after pelleting andcoefficient of velocity of germination immediately after seeds pelletingby standard germination test and seedling emergence percent in nursery immediately and one year after seeds pelleting were determined.Results showed, two mm diameter pelleted seeds had the lowest normal seedlings percent and seedling emergencepercent in nursery immediately and one year after seeds pelleting and coefficient of velocity of germination immediately after seeds pelleting. Also, the most amounts of this traits belonged to not pelleted seeds and pelleted seeds germination ability and seedling emergence did not significantly decreased after one year after pelleting. Based on this research results pelletted seed with 1.5mm diameter had better germination ability and seedling emergence
Sh. Hashemi Fesharaki; A. Hamidi; S. Vazan
Abstract
In order to study on effect of hybrid maize single cross 704 having different primary germination percent various seed shapes on vigor and seedling field emergence, research was conducted at Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) seed analysis laboratory and ...
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In order to study on effect of hybrid maize single cross 704 having different primary germination percent various seed shapes on vigor and seedling field emergence, research was conducted at Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) seed analysis laboratory and research field at Karaj in 2012. In laboratory, flat, medium and round having primary germination 88, 90, and 92 percent seeds vigor assessed by five vigor tests including radical emergence, electrical conductivity, cold, brick grit (Hiltner) and accelerated aging tests and germination percent after 66 and 144 h. in radicle emergence rate test, electrical conductivity and final germination and normal seedlings percent, seedling length and dry weight, seedling vigor length and weight Indices determined. In field seedling emergence percent and rate and cumulative rate and seedling length and weight vigor indices measured. The results showed flat seed with 92 percent primary seed germination in comparison with other studied seed shapes and primary seed germination percent, had higher related to seed germination ability and vigor indices. In spite of which primary seed germination percent and various seed shapes effect on related to seedling field emergence indices was not significant, for the reason significant correlation of radical emergence percent after 144 h. in radicle emergence rate test and seedling field emergence percent and cumulative emergence rate, radicle emergence rate test could be effectively used for field seedling emergence and establishment.
L. Yari; M. Sedghi; A. Hamidi; R. Seyed Sharifi
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the role of water and polyamines (PAs) as priming agents on improving seed vigour and chilling tolerance with different moisture content (Mc)(14.0,16.0,18.0%) under chilling conditions in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) c.v ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the role of water and polyamines (PAs) as priming agents on improving seed vigour and chilling tolerance with different moisture content (Mc)(14.0,16.0,18.0%) under chilling conditions in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) c.v Usef. Experiments were conducted at the seed and Plant certification and Registration Research Institute in 2013 -2014. The seeds were hand harvested at three initial moisture contents including 18, 16, and 14% wet weight basis .The seed samples then were sealed in polythene bags and stored in conditioned storage and equilibrium for 8 months. After that for seed priming, seeds were soaked in 20mg/L-1 (w/v) aerated solution of spermine (Spm), Puterscine (Put), and Spermidine (Spd) and distilled water (W) for 16h at 20±2C°. After each treatment, Seeds dried to original moisture level in forced air and sealed in polythene bags, stored in a conditioned storage again until one month. Experimental units were arranged as factorial in a completely randomized design with four replications after treat. The results indicated that Mc18% improved the germination percentage (GP) and seedling vigour compared to Mc 16 and 14%. The electrolyte leakage decreased in seeds harvested by Mc 18% when compared with Mc16 and Mc 14.0%. Also seed treatments significantly increased the seed viability. Likewise, in chilling stress condition maximum proline content and areal dry weight were obtained from Put treat, whereas the lowest electrolyte leakage was recorded for Put treat. Meanwhile, interaction between seed moisture content ×PAs treatment in cold condition significantly affected on plumule length and radicle dry weight, statistically maximum plumule length and radicle dry weight were recorded from Put ×18.0% mc. Also seed priming with water had positive effect on seedling growth after chilling stress. Generally, the effectiveness of PAs on improving chilling tolerance and increasing seedling vigor was more pronounced in Put treatment along with sample with 18.0% mc.
H.R. Gazor; A. Hamidi; R. Adelzade
Abstract
In this research, cleaning, drying and grading of corn seed were investigated in Ardabil provinces (Mogan zone). Beside investigation of corn seed drying and processing machineries, some items such as moisture changes of corn seeds, broken and cracked seeds studied during process steps in four seed process ...
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In this research, cleaning, drying and grading of corn seed were investigated in Ardabil provinces (Mogan zone). Beside investigation of corn seed drying and processing machineries, some items such as moisture changes of corn seeds, broken and cracked seeds studied during process steps in four seed process factories. Although the most seed breaking belong to the large and round seeds, the most cracked seeds observed in round seeds. Cracked seeds had increasing trend and direct relationship with moisture. Numbers and revolution speed of bucket elevators had direct effect on seeds physical damages. It may increase seed cracking more than 30 percent. In totality about 15 percent of seeds go out of process line as broken seeds. Besides 30 percent of seeds cracked during process. Endosperm damages increased risk of planting and cusses to lack or poor germination.
H. Sadeghi; H Heidari Sharifabad; A. Hamidi; Gh. Nourmohammadi; H. Madani
Abstract
High temperature during seed set and seed filling can reduce yield and seed quality. In order to evaluate the effect of high temperature during planting date and also plant density on soybean seed quality, an experiment was conducted at two locations, namely, Seed and Plant Certification and Registration ...
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High temperature during seed set and seed filling can reduce yield and seed quality. In order to evaluate the effect of high temperature during planting date and also plant density on soybean seed quality, an experiment was conducted at two locations, namely, Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute in Karaj and Agricultural and Natural Resource Center of Moghan, in 2013. The studied factors were included planting date (5th of May, 5th of June and 5th of July), plant density (300, 400 and 500 thousand plant/ha) and soybean varieties (Williams and L17) were sown in the rate of 40 plants per m-2 at 5th May, 5th June and 5th July. The experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results of standard germination test showed that in Moghan area, the highest normal seedling percentage (92.1%) was obtained at fifth of June and in Karaj area, it (96.2%) was gained at fifth of July. In addition, it was noticed that cv. L17 in Moghan and cv. Williams in Karaj had the highest normal seedling percentage. The results of accelerated aging test was cleared that the normal seedling percentage in karaj was more than Moghan area and it showed that the quality of seed that were produced in Karaj was better than Moghan area. There was no significant difference between areas in 300 and 400 thousand of plant/ha and in these both density, the result of Karaj was better than Moghan area, but there was significant difference between normal seedling percentage after accelerated aging test in Karaj (77.6%) and Moghan (58%) in 500 thousand plant/ha. The highest seedling vigor index (11.75) was obtained in 400 thousand plants/ha at fifth of July in Karaj area and the lowest rate of it (5.41) was observed in 300 thousand plants/ha at fifth of June in Karaj area.
L. Yari; M. Sedghi; A. Hamidi; R. Seyed Sharifi
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 37-50
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the role of polyamines (PAs) as priming agents on improving seed vigour with different moisture content (Mc)(14,16,18%) under storage conditions in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) c.v Usef. Experiments were conducted at the Seed and Plant Certification ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the role of polyamines (PAs) as priming agents on improving seed vigour with different moisture content (Mc)(14,16,18%) under storage conditions in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) c.v Usef. Experiments were conducted at the Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute 1n 2012 -2013. The seeds were hand harvested at three initial moisture contents including 18, 16, 14% using wet weight basis. The seed samples then were sealed in polythene bags and stored in conditioned storages and for 8 months. After that for seed priming, seeds were soaked in 20mg/L-1 (w/v) aerated solution of Spermine (Spm), Puterscine (Put), and Spermidine (Spd) and distilled water (W) for 16h at 20±2C°. After each treatment, seeds were dried to original moisture level in forced air and sealed in polythene bags, stored in a conditioned storage again for one month. Experimental units were arranged as a completely randomized design with four replications after harvesting time and one month conditioned storage after treatment. The result indicated that 18% MC improved the germination percentage and seedling vigour compared to 16 and 14 % MC. Also after 8 month storage, 18% Mc had the highest germination percentage and seedling vigour. The electrolyte leakage decreased in seeds with 18% MC compared to 16 and 14% MC. Also seed treatments significantly increased the seed viability and germination percentage, whereas, mean germination time and electrical conductivity were reduced in all seed treatments. Meanwhile, maximum germination percentage was detected for seed Spm seed treatment and 18% MC. Generally by decreasing moisture content of seed and delay in harvesting time, seedling vigour decreased and the optimum moisture content and seed treatment were 18% and Spm, respectively.
E. Rezvani; F. Ghaderifar; A. Hamidi; E. Soltani
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 51-63
Abstract
In order to study the effect of desiccation tolerance on seed germination and vigor of hybrid maize, a field experiment was conducted using five sowing dates in three replications. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design in Karaj, Iran. Sampling from female rows (B73 Inbred line) ...
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In order to study the effect of desiccation tolerance on seed germination and vigor of hybrid maize, a field experiment was conducted using five sowing dates in three replications. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design in Karaj, Iran. Sampling from female rows (B73 Inbred line) was started right after pollination in a weekly scale. The harvested hybrid seeds were dried in open air conditions. Changes in seed growth and development were evaluated from 20 days after flowering and laboratory tests were performed on fresh and dried seed samples of each developmental stages. The results showed that the effects of sowing dates on normal seedling percentage, mean germination time) and seedling length was significant. The 4th sowing date had the highest normal seedling and seed vigor. Seed filling rate (3.7-9.2 mg/gram) and moisture content reduction (0.63 -1.06 percent/day) was different, depends on the sowing date and temperature of seed developmental period. It is observed that the developing seeds that dried before standard germination test, started to germinate very sooner (20-30 DAF on basis of sowing date) than fresh seeds (that start 30-50 DAF). Dried seeds reached meaningfully sooner to the highest normal seedlings percentage (30-60 DAF). When the desiccation started without hot temperature stress in third and fourth sowing dates, desiccation tolerance completed sooner. So the seeds reach to the highest percentage of normal seedling very soon, after drying. The evaluation of mean germination time and seedling length, as indicators of seed vigor showed that dried seeds reach to maximum germination rate and seedling length sooner than fresh seeds. The changes trend in these indicators was similar to changes in normal seedling percentage. It was concluded that appropriate temperature (lower than 35ºC) in desiccation period, especially at the beginning stages, results in fast extension of desiccation tolerance among the seeds and enhancing the seed quality after drying.
Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 119-136
Abstract
In order to study on effect of irrigation intervals and parent plant nutrition by various nitrogen levels on seed and seedling vigor and some related characteristics of hybrid maize single cross 704 (B73× MO17)a research conducted at Kermanshah province research station field of Agricultural and ...
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In order to study on effect of irrigation intervals and parent plant nutrition by various nitrogen levels on seed and seedling vigor and some related characteristics of hybrid maize single cross 704 (B73× MO17)a research conducted at Kermanshah province research station field of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre and seed quality analysis laboratory of Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) at Karaj.Field experiment based on complete randomized clocks design and as split plot by three replications conducted. Studied treatments levels arranged as7, 9, 11 and 13 day irrigation intervals as main plots and nitrogen rates 200, 300, 400 and 500 kg per hectare as sub plots. One thousand seed weight was determined and seed and seedling vigour tests including seedling growth analysis, radical emergence rate and electrocunductivity conducted based on complete randomized blocks design by four replications and final germination, normal and abnormal seedlings percent, mean germination time, seedling and primary root length, seedling and primary root fresh weigh, seedling and primary root and shoot dry weigh, seedling length and weight vigour index and electrical conductivity were measured. Results revealed produced seeds in 7 and 9 day irrigation intervals and 400 kg per hectare nitrogen from seed and seedling vigour and some related characters point of view had most optimum situation. Thereafter, based on this research results and for the reason of water resources for irrigation limitation, 9 day irrigation interval and 400 kg per hectare condition recommended forhybrid maize single cross 704 seed production in Kermanshah conditions.
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 17-30
Abstract
In order to identify the accelerated aging effects on enzyme and lipid peroxidation in soybean an experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design by factorial arrangement with five levels of seed aging (3, 6, 9, 12, days to aging) and without aging, and two cultivars (Katol and Sahar) ...
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In order to identify the accelerated aging effects on enzyme and lipid peroxidation in soybean an experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design by factorial arrangement with five levels of seed aging (3, 6, 9, 12, days to aging) and without aging, and two cultivars (Katol and Sahar) with three replications in seed testing Lab of Agricultural and Natural Research Center of Golestan. Accelerated aging was achieved by incubating the seed in a closed plastic box at 40 degree centigrade and close to 100% relative humidity for up to 12 days. Seed viability, electrical conductivity, lipid peroxidation, superoxidedismutase, catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, Ascorbate peroxidase activity were measured in aged and non-aged seed. The result indicated that antioxidant enzyme activities except peroxidase were reduced and it causedhigher malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EC). All of this effect caused lower seed vigor during aging. There was significant correlation between EC with percentage of seed germination and showed EC could be considered as a rapid method for evaluation of aged seed. Results showed that Katol cultivar was more tolerant than Sahar cultivar to seed aging.
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 67-83
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of drought stress and potassium foliar application on seed yield and seed germination characteristics of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2011-2012 at two locates, 1. Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of drought stress and potassium foliar application on seed yield and seed germination characteristics of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2011-2012 at two locates, 1. Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute (SPCRI), Karaj- Iran 2. Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Yazd-Iran. The experiment was carried out using a split plot factorial based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The water treatments included three irrigation regimes; normal, mild stress (warer withhold at the grain filling phase) and severe stress (water withhold at the ear emergence phase); potassium foliar treatments included, 0, 1.5% and 3.0% K2O applications and three wheat cultivars (Marvdasht, Pishtaz and WS-82-9). Result showed that reaction of cultivars at two locates for seed yield was different under drought stress conditions. High and lowseed yield were producedwith WS-82-9 at Karaj under normal water use (9310 kg ha-1)and with Marvdasht cultivar at Yazd under sever drought stress (2220 kg ha-1), respectively. Seed weight and seed yieldshowed significantdecreases by increasing drought stress. The mentioned traits showed significantincreases by spraying of K2O and it was more at Yazd area under severe drought stress, because of more unfavorable condition. Spraying wheat plants with 3.0%K2O produced the highest value of seed yield (7321.9 kg ha-1); while control treatment (without potassium foliar application) at Yazd gave the lowest value of this character. Significant interaction of location× drought stress× cultivar on seed wastes showed that reaction of cultivars at two places was different under drought stress conditions, so that minimum and maximum seed wastes were observedin WS-82-9 at Karaj under normal irrigation (%2.26)and in Marvdasht cultivar at Yazd under severe drought stress (%54.76), respectively.Results revealed that high and lowseed wastes were observedunder no application of potassium (22.14%)and withspraying 3.0 % K2O (13.99%), respectively. Seed germination percentage before and after seed cleaning showed that seed cleaning had important role on improvement of seed quality, in a way that drought stress had significant influence on seed germination percentage before seed cleaning, but drought stress had no significant influence on seed germination percentage and mean germination time after seed cleaning.
Volume 2, Issue 2 , December 2013, , Pages 219-228
Abstract
Seed deterioration and environmental stresses effects on seed germination are important factors limiting germination percentage (GP) and emergence homogenecity under field conditions. In order to study the effect of deterioration degree and artificial drought stress on wheat seed germination and seedling ...
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Seed deterioration and environmental stresses effects on seed germination are important factors limiting germination percentage (GP) and emergence homogenecity under field conditions. In order to study the effect of deterioration degree and artificial drought stress on wheat seed germination and seedling parameters; a factorial experiment were conducted based on a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments were seed deterioration degree (control, 65 and 130 hrs at 100% RH and 41±0.3 °C), cultivars (Shahpasand, Azar2, Shahriar, Alvand and Zarrin) and artificial drought stress applied with PEG6000 (control, -3 and -6 bar). Results showed that 130 hrs deterioration and -3 bar stress had the lowest germination rate (GR) in Azar2, while the lowest GP for this cultivar was observed under 65 hrs deterioration and -6 bar stress conditions. The shortest radical and plumule obtained from Azar2 and Shahriar at 65 hrs stress and -6 bar stress level. With increasing deterioration and stress levels, the seedling dry weight decreased in all cultivars. The greatest seed reservoirs using rate (SRUR) achieved in Shahriar cultivar at control levels of deterioration and stress, while the lowest value in Azar2 at 130 hrs deterioration and -6 bar drought stress. The lowest value for seed reservoir using efficiency (SRUE) was observed at Azar2*control deterioration*control stress, but the lowest value for FMSR at Azar2* 130 hrs deterioration* -6 bar stress. It is concluded that the cultivars are different genetically in seed reservoir consuming at germination and the deterioration level is more important in seed vigor decrease than drought stress. Therefore, parameters studied in this research specially SRUR are useful in screening of cultivars for high seed vigor
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2013, , Pages 9-24
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of seed viability (germinability) on seedling field, seed cotton yielde and some related traits of commercial cotton cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2008 and 2009 at Seed and Plant Certification and Registration seed analysis laboratory and research field at ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of seed viability (germinability) on seedling field, seed cotton yielde and some related traits of commercial cotton cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2008 and 2009 at Seed and Plant Certification and Registration seed analysis laboratory and research field at Karaj. Seeds of Mehr, Varamin, Sahel and Bakhtegancotton cultivars produced in 2007 and 2008 with 70, 80 and 90 percent germinability tested by standard germination test in laboratory. Seeds planted in field as two factor factorial experiment by 12 treatments(4 cultivarandtimes;3 seed viability) based on complete randomized block design by four replicates. Then 19 traits including primary field emergence(PFE), final field emergence(FFE), field emergence rate(FER), cumulative emergence rate(CER), mean emergence time(MET), field emergence index(FEI), seedling primary height(SH1), seedling height in second sampling(SH2),seedling height in third sampling(SH3), seedling final height(SH4), primary seedling field vigour index(PSVIF) and final seedling field vigour index(FSVIF), vegetative and reproductive branches number, final plant height, boll number and seedcotton yield per hectare determined. The results indicatedthat over standard viability seeds had high field emergence index(FEI), seedling emergence rate(SER) and primary and final field emergence(FFE) and seedling height andprimary and final seedling vigoure index in field and therefore had better field emergence and establishment. Also seeds have over standard viability had lower plant final height and vegetative branches which stated those lower vegetative growth and had more reproductive branches, boll number and weight per plant and resultant seed cotton yield per hectare. Thereafter in order to reduce seed consumption rate to recommended amount generally based on this experiment results planting seeds have90 percent germination recommended.
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2013, , Pages 73-82
Abstract
Contamination of maize seed production fields by blacknightshade weed is one of the seed production problems in Moghan region. With attention to possible effect of black nightshade fruit extract on maize seed germination properties, effect of various fruit extract concentrations including; 10, 30, 50, ...
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Contamination of maize seed production fields by blacknightshade weed is one of the seed production problems in Moghan region. With attention to possible effect of black nightshade fruit extract on maize seed germination properties, effect of various fruit extract concentrations including; 10, 30, 50, 70 and 100% and control (seeds not soaked in black nightshade fruit extract) on maize (Single cross 704) seed germinability and vigor were evaluated. The experiment was laid out as a completely randomized design with four replications. Studied characters consisted of: germinated seeds number two and three days after planting, normal and abnormal seedlings number, ungerminated seeds number, mean time to germination, coefficient of velocity of germination, mean daily germination, daily germination speed, seedling and primary shoot and root length, primary shoot and root fresh and dry weight and seedling length and weight vigour indices. The results showed that extract concentrations had not significant effect on germinated seeds number three days after planting, normal and abnormal seedlings number, ungerminated seeds number, mean daily germination and daily germination speed. While extract concentrations significantly increased germinated seeds number two days after planting, mean time to germination, coefficient of velocity of germination, seedling and primary shoot and root length, primary shoot and root fresh and dry weight and seedling length and weight vigor indices. By increasing of blacknightshade extractconcentration, most of the positive seed germination and seedling vigor indices increased
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2012, , Pages 147-160
Abstract
To study the effects of mother plant delayed sowing date on seed germination and seed vigor of 10 spring rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted in two years (2006-2007). In the first year, 10 cultivars of spring rapeseed were planted in research field of seed and Plant Improvement Institute, ...
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To study the effects of mother plant delayed sowing date on seed germination and seed vigor of 10 spring rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted in two years (2006-2007). In the first year, 10 cultivars of spring rapeseed were planted in research field of seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran, in two dates: 7th October (on time sowing) and 6th November (delayed sowing date). In the second year, standard germination test and electrical conductivity test were conducted to study seed performance grown in first year experiment. A factorial experiment in randomized complete block design was used. According to the results, the seeds of two Sowing dates were significantly different on the point of 1000 seed weight, seed density, length and dry weight of seedling, radical and plumule, germination percentage, germination rate index, seedling vigor index and electrical conductivity. In addition, the effect of cultivar was significant on seed density, dry weight of plumule and seedling, seedling vigor index and electrical conductivity. The seeds of on time planting date had higher seed vigor than delayed sowing date. Elite cv had high seed weight than other cultivar. The seed weight could be used as a valuable index to determine seed vigor
