Reza Taherdoost; Mahmood Dejam; Mehdi Madandoust; Farhad Mohajeri
Abstract
The use of sulfur (S) is of special interest in arid and semi-arid Iran since most soils are calcareous. In order to improve germination, seedling growth, and quality of Nigella sativa L. seeds obtained from mother plants grown under drought stress conditions, this investigation was performed in split ...
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The use of sulfur (S) is of special interest in arid and semi-arid Iran since most soils are calcareous. In order to improve germination, seedling growth, and quality of Nigella sativa L. seeds obtained from mother plants grown under drought stress conditions, this investigation was performed in split plots with a completely randomized block design with three replications in research farm Fasa City in 2022. The main factor was irrigation after 25, 50 and 75 percent of soil moisture depletion and the subplots were fertilizer in 8 levels including 100 % S, 50% S + thiobacillus, 50% S + mycorrhiza, 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza, thiobacillus, mycorrhiza, thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza and control. The results showed that in irrigation with 75 percent soil moisture depletion, the integration of 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza decreased the seed membrane stability by 23 percent compared to the control. In an irrigation regime with 75 percent moisture depletion, the integration of 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza and 50% S+ mycorrhiza caused a 31 percent increase in amylase activity in seeds endosperm about control. The highest germination percent and rate are also observed in the integration of 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza. Moreover in the treatment with 75 percent soil moisture depletion, the 50% S+ thiobacillus+ mycorrhiza increased the seed vigor to 46 percent. With regards to the positive effects of sulfur integration with Thiobacillus and mycorrhiza in the improvement of the quality of seeds derived from black cumin under drought stress, the use of these biological compounds should be recommended.
Seyed Keyvan Marashi; Zahra Albaji
Abstract
This research was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with four replications. The studied treatments include salinity stress in the form of irrigation with normal water (0.4) and with salinity of 4 and 8 dS/m of NaCl salt and seed priming with hydrogen peroxide, including no priming ...
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This research was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with four replications. The studied treatments include salinity stress in the form of irrigation with normal water (0.4) and with salinity of 4 and 8 dS/m of NaCl salt and seed priming with hydrogen peroxide, including no priming and seed priming in 25 and 50 mM solutions. In this experiment, the traits of germination percentage, germination rate, root length, stem length, root dry matter, stem dry matter and seed vigor index were investigated. In this research, the effect of salinity stress and hydrogen peroxide was significant on all investigated traits. The interaction effect of salinity stress and hydrogen peroxide on the studied traits was significant except germination rate. The maximum percentage of germination, length and dry matter of root and stem and seed vigor index was obtained under absence of stress (normal water) and application of 50 mM hydrogen peroxide and the minimum was under salinity of 8 dS/m and no application hydrogen peroxide. The maximum germination rate was obtained in the 50 mM hydrogen peroxide and no salt stress. In general, the results showed that the use of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of salinity stress was effective through the improvement of indices, and this can be considered as a strategy for better and proper seedling establishment.
Mahboobe Bahrami; Mohamad Rahim Owji; farhad mohajeri; Mahmood Dejam
Abstract
Salinity stress reduces seed quality, but suitable concentrations of silicon and nickel can improve germination indices in the produced seeds. This study was conducted in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) in 2018 in Haji Abad city, Hormozgan, Iran. The experimental ...
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Salinity stress reduces seed quality, but suitable concentrations of silicon and nickel can improve germination indices in the produced seeds. This study was conducted in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) in 2018 in Haji Abad city, Hormozgan, Iran. The experimental treatments consisted of four safflower varieties as the first factor, including Soffeh, Local Isfahan, Padideh, and Golmehr; and seven spraying levels, including nickel (100, 200 and 300 mg L-1) and silicon (100, 150, and 200 mg L-1) as the second factor. The results demonstrated that the foliar application of 100 mg/l Nickle and 200 mg/l silicon increased potassium by 10% and 18%, respectively. The foliar application of 200 mg/l silicon increased the activity of alpha and beta amylase enzymes by 17% and 12%, respectively. In addition, Golmehr and Safe varieties obtained from a mother plant recorded higher germination and rate percentage, as well as seed vigor, while Padideh variety showed the lowest values of the same traits. The foliar application of 200 mg/l silicon, compared to the control, increased the seed vigor as well as Soffeh and Golmehr cultivars by 23% and 25%, respectively; however, the Nickle concentration of 300 mg/l resulted in a decrease of 24% and 19% in these cultivars.On the other, this trait decreased with increasing nickel concentration significantly. Generally, foliar application of silicon at concentrations of 150 and 200 mg L-1 was found to improve seed quality of different safflower varieties under salinity stress.
Ashkan Rahimi Shirazi; Mehdi Madandoost; Ahmad Kazemi
Abstract
Considering the environmental problems due to the usage of chemical herbicides, to control the weeds we can increase soil temperature by mulching. This research was conducted in Fasa in 2020. The experiment was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications.The first ...
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Considering the environmental problems due to the usage of chemical herbicides, to control the weeds we can increase soil temperature by mulching. This research was conducted in Fasa in 2020. The experiment was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications.The first factor was four varieties of weeds including Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Portulaca oleracea and Plantago lancoelata and the second factor was duration of mulching cover in 3 treatments including control, 20 and 40 days. After the periods of plastic mulching, the seeds were taken out of the soil depth and were examined based on standardized germination test. The results showed that the percentage and rate germination seeds, vigor and alpha and beta amylase decreased with the plastic mulching was used. 40 days of plastic mulching caused a reduction in germination speed comparing to the treatment which had no plastic mulching. By increasing the duration of the usage of mulching, the electric conduction of seeds showed an increase applying plastic mulching for forty days caused a decrease in seedling growth comparing to the treatment. The highest decrease in germination and seed vigor among the weeds was observed in Chenopodium album on the other hand plastic mulching treatment couldn't affect the germination in Plantago lancoelata. Overall, the results of this study showed that the parameters related to seed germination in different weed species was different based on the time of sun exposure under plastic mulch; So that solarization for 40 days is recommended to control weeds.
Roya Behboud
Abstract
In spite of optimal qualitative traits of sweet corn plant, its cultivation is limited due to some problems in germination, poor vigor, seed wrinkling and seedling weak establishment in the soil, using mineral compounds in seed coating could improve germination and seedling growth indices, and physical ...
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In spite of optimal qualitative traits of sweet corn plant, its cultivation is limited due to some problems in germination, poor vigor, seed wrinkling and seedling weak establishment in the soil, using mineral compounds in seed coating could improve germination and seedling growth indices, and physical characteristics of sweet corn seeds. In order to improve efficacy of sweet corn seed using seed coating, this experiment was conducted based on three-factor factorial in a completely randomized design with four replications of 25 seeds at the laboratory at the Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Yasouj University, Iran, in 2018. The first factor included the concentrations of chitosan solutions (zero- 0.3% acetic acid, 0.5 and 0.75%), the second factor was gum arabic (zero- distilled water and 0.4%) and the third factor was V10K2.5P5 coating composition (10, 2.5 and 5 fold to seed weight respectively in Vermiculite (V), kaolin (K) and perlite (P)) and no coating treatment. The interaction effect showed that that the highest seedling length vigor index (183.24) was related to the coating treatment of gum arabic 0.4% and coating composition of V10K2.5P5 that had a significant difference with a treatment that had the lowest seedling length vigor index (85.70) from the coating treatment gum arabic 0.4% and no coating composition. The overall results showed that the coating treatment of chitosan 0.5% + coating composition of V10K2.5P5 + gum arabic 0.4% was more effective treatment on germination indices and seedling and physical characteristics of sweet corn seeds compared to other treatments.
Mahrokh Bolandi; Parisa Sheikhzadeh; Saeed Khomari; Nasser Zare; Jaber Sharifi
Abstract
To investigate the effect of the maternal plant's growth environment on qualitative characteristics and germination of borage seeds after storage, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. The treatments included ...
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To investigate the effect of the maternal plant's growth environment on qualitative characteristics and germination of borage seeds after storage, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. The treatments included seeds resulting from maternal plants sprayed with humic acid (0.5 g L-1), chitosan (1 g L-1), and the combination of humic acid and chitosan (0.5 g L-1 + 1 g L-1), salicylic acid. (4 mM), ascorbic acid (0.85 mM), potassium nitrate (20 mM) and control.The results showed that under non-storage conditions, the seeds that resulted from the maternal plants treated with bio-stimulants and growth regulators exhibited higher seed germination and seedling growth than those from the control plants. In this condition, foliar application of the maternal plants with humic acid+chitosan had the highest effect on the seed germination and seedling growth characteristics by increasing the germination percentage and rate, vigor index, seedlings dry weight and length. Although five years of dry seed storage reduced the seed viability and vigor, foliar application of maternal plants reduced the negative effects of storage on germination and enhanced the seed germination percentage and seedlings length, and dry weight by increasing the seed viability and seed vigor index. In general, among the foliar spraying treatments of the maternal plants, the combined foliar application of humic acid+chitosan, maybe due to the synergistic effects, can be considered the best treatment to improve the borage seed longevity, germination characteristics, and seedling growth.
Fatemeh Primoradi; Abdolmahdi Bakhshandeh; Seyed Amir Moosavi; Mohammad Hossain Gharineh; Ali Moshatati
Abstract
In order to investigate the combined effects of temperature and salinity stress on seed germination properties of ziziphus (Ramlik), a factorial experiment conducted at seed technology laboratory of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in 2019. The experiment was arranged ...
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In order to investigate the combined effects of temperature and salinity stress on seed germination properties of ziziphus (Ramlik), a factorial experiment conducted at seed technology laboratory of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in 2019. The experiment was arranged as complete block design with three raplications. First factor was salinity (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mM) and second factor was temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 oC). Results of the experiment revealed that there was no seed germination in 5 oC, 10 oC at all salinity treatments. Seed germination and seedling growth were declined at all temperature treatments bythe increase in salinity concentrations. Salinity tolerance threshold of Ramlik at 25 OC was 173 mM but as temperature increased to 35 oC, it declined to 150 mM. The highest seed germination properties of Ramlik were observed at 25 oC. An increase in salinity led to a lower seed germination rate. As Ramlik seeds were capable to complete their germination at
Navid Abbasi; Hamidreza Balouchi; Alireza Yadavi; Amin Salehi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of water deficit stress and sources of nitrogen fertilizer on germination quality and vigor of wheat seeds of Chamran cultivar, an experiment was conducted in Agricultural Research Center of Fars province. In this experiment, wheat seeds were first treated at three ...
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In order to investigate the effect of water deficit stress and sources of nitrogen fertilizer on germination quality and vigor of wheat seeds of Chamran cultivar, an experiment was conducted in Agricultural Research Center of Fars province. In this experiment, wheat seeds were first treated at three levels of water deficit stress (complete irrigation, water deficit stress in milky and rough stage) and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer sources (urea fertilizer 100% plant requirement, urea fertilizer 25% Along with nitroxin and nitrogen, 50% urea fertilizer with nitroxin and nitrogen, 75% urea fertilizer with nitroxin and nitrogen were produced. Then, the quality and vigor of the seeds were tested in two standard experiments of germination and accelerated aging in a factorial design with four replications. The results showed that the effect of experimental treatments on all measured traits except germination percentage was significant. Water deficit stress and sources of nitroxin and nitrogen fertilizer with 25% urea at the beginning of decline led to an increase in protein concentration (12.39%), but the lowest amount of starch (20.85 %) under the interaction of nitroxin and nitrogen fertilizer with 75% urea in 48 hours Deterioration was observed. Water deficit stress also increased the concentration of soluble sugars and decreased the grain alpha-amylase enzymes. Overall, the results of this study showed that the use of combined treatments of urea fertilizer and biofertilizers in stress conditions to feed the mother plant led to the production of seeds with higher vigor and more resistance to decay.
Zohreh Molavi; Abbas Biabani; Ali Nakhzari Moghadam; ali rahemi-karizaki
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of drought stress on germination parameters and heterotrophic growth of different wheat cultivars, a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 6 replications in a research greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, ...
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In order to investigate the effect of drought stress on germination parameters and heterotrophic growth of different wheat cultivars, a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 6 replications in a research greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Gonbad-e- Kavous in 2016-2017 .The treatments were included wheat cultivars in 5 levels (Aftab, Qaboos, Kohdasht, Karim and Line 17) and drought stress in four levels (full irrigation as the control, slight water stress (25% water depletion of field capacity) , intensive water stress (50% water depletion of field capacity) and very intensive water stress (75% water depletion of field capacity). The results of this experiment showed that maternal drought stress was significant only on radicle dry weight, plumule dry weight and seed vigor. There was a significant positive correlation between plumule dry weight, plumule length and seed vigor. It can be said that drought stress can greatly affect the seed vigor of different wheat cultivars. So that seed vigor of different cultivars was different at each stress level. The effect of cultivar was significant on all traits except radicle dry weight. Therefore, germination and seedling growth were more affected by cultivars. Regarding the negligible effect of drought stress on most germination traits, it can be concluded that genetic than environment (maternal drought stress) had a more effective effect on germination and heterotrophic characteristics of seedlings of wheat seeds
F. Ghaderifar; Shahla Kheirkaman; Ebrahim Zeinali; Seyed Esmaeil Razavi; Morteza Gorzin
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of different fungicides on storage behavior of forage maize seeds, a split plot experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replicates was conducted in seed laboratory of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Treatments included ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of different fungicides on storage behavior of forage maize seeds, a split plot experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replicates was conducted in seed laboratory of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Treatments included fungicide (Teboconazole, Carboxin Tiram, Rovral TS, Difenoconazole and control), temperature (5˚C and 25˚C) and storage duration (12 months). Germination and cold tests were conducted to evaluate the seed quality. Also, the inhibitory effect of fungicides on the prevalence of Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., and Alternaria sp. pathogens was investigated during storage. In this study, germination percentage of stored seeds was constant in all treatments during storage period, but the results of cold test showed that the quality of maize seeds decreased with increasing storage duration at both 5 and 25°C temperatures after some time (depending on the type of fungicide). Also, all the used fungicides (Except for Difconazole and Rovral TS at 25˚C) maintained the vigor of maize seeds during storage. The Rovral TS fungicides were more effective in inhibiting the growth and development of fungal pathogens, but according to the results of cold test, two Carboxin Tiram and Teboconazole fungicides were better in maintaining the maize seed quality during storage.
Ali Hoseinipoor; Alireza Yadavi; Hamidreza Balouchi; َAli Moradi
Abstract
Germination is one of the most sensitive stages of plant life, which is affected by various environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Because seed standard germination test alone cannot accurately describe seedling emergence in field conditions, seed strain tests such as accelerated aging ...
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Germination is one of the most sensitive stages of plant life, which is affected by various environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Because seed standard germination test alone cannot accurately describe seedling emergence in field conditions, seed strain tests such as accelerated aging test (seed deterioration) are used. In this research, germination and biochemical indices of linseed (Linum usitatissimum Var. Norman) in moisture potential of 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.2 and -1.2 MPa under accelerated aging conditions at temperatures 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°c were evaluated. The results showed that the percentage and rate of germination and seedling vigor index in accelerated aging and non-accelerated aging respectively were increased by increasing temperature up to 20 and 25 ° C, , then decreasing to 35 ° C. And with decreasing potential water, in terms of accelerated aging, showed its lowest level at any temperature. The amount of soluble protein, catalase activity and proline content of seeds increased with decreasing water potential and accelerated aging effects at each temperature. Also, with increasing temperature, protein content and catalase enzyme activity of Linum usitatissimum seed are increased; proline content of the seed decreased.The results of this study showed that Linum usitatissimumis resistant to high and low temperatures in the early stages of germination under favorable temperature conditions of plants resistant to dehydration and under stress-free conditions.
Ali Jalilian; Samira Asgari; Saeid Jalali Honarmand; Mahmoud Khoramivafa; Aziz Moradi
Abstract
This experiment was conducted at Mehrgan Agricultural Research Station, Kermansha, Iran, in 2012. The maize parents of hybrid 704 cultivar was cultivated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments includes: 1-ammonium nitrate (1/3 before planting and 2/3 after planting) ...
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This experiment was conducted at Mehrgan Agricultural Research Station, Kermansha, Iran, in 2012. The maize parents of hybrid 704 cultivar was cultivated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments includes: 1-ammonium nitrate (1/3 before planting and 2/3 after planting) 2-solupotas 3-iron chelate, 4-zinc sulfate, 5-manganes sulfate 6- boric acid, 7- Combine treatments 1 to 6 with each other. 8- Combine treatments 1 and 2 with each other. 9- Combine treatments 3 to 6 with each other. 10- Control (without spraying). The applied treatments were sprayed in three stages: 1- growth stage from 6 to 8 leaves 2- maximum leaf area index 3- after pollination. The length of plots was 7 meters and width was 4.5 meters (including 4 mother line and 2 father line) with spacing rows of 75 cm and plant spacing on the 18 cm row. The cultivation was carried out on May 1 and irrigation system was sprinkler. The treats measured was include macro and micro elements in seed, germination percentage, seedling vigor index (SVI), germination rate and Seedling growth rate (SGR) for each treatment. The results showed that foliar application did not significantly differ in the amount of nutrients in corn seed. Despite the lack of significant difference in the amount of nutrients in the seed, seedling growth and germination rate were superior in some treatments, so that the highest seedling growth was observed in potassium spraying treatment. The highest rate of germination was also due to spraying with high consumption elements.
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens with plant growth-promoting and salinity tolerance charachteristics on germination attributed traits and early growth of barley, a study was performed in Persian Gulf University, Bushehr. A factorial experiment was conducted ...
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In order to investigate the effect of different strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens with plant growth-promoting and salinity tolerance charachteristics on germination attributed traits and early growth of barley, a study was performed in Persian Gulf University, Bushehr. A factorial experiment was conducted with three factors of bacteria in four levels (P. fluorescens strains B10, B2-10, B2-11 and B4-6), salinity levels (0, 3 and 6 ds/m) and cultivar in five levels (Karun, Zehak, Nimrooz, South of the Sahra) in a completely randomized design with three replications. After a week, germination percentage and speed, seed vigor, length and dry weight of coleoptyl and radical and salinity tolerance index were measured. Results revealed that the main effect of bacteria, salinity and cultivars and their interactions were significant on all measured traits. Seed pre-treatment with all bacteria strains increased seed germination attributed traits, salinity tolerance index and seedling early growth were under salinity stress (P≤0.05). The current study confirms the ameliorative effect of indole acetic acid and ACC deaminase producing Pseudomonas strains on growth factors of barley seedlings under salt stress.
atfeh hoseini; ali moradi; yaqoub behzadi
Abstract
To study the germination of seeds of anise harvested from the mother plant under different fertilizer treatments experiment completely randomized design with 17 treatments and 4 replications was conducted in the laboratory of seed technology of Yasouj university. Treatments were concluded: Pure vermicompost ...
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To study the germination of seeds of anise harvested from the mother plant under different fertilizer treatments experiment completely randomized design with 17 treatments and 4 replications was conducted in the laboratory of seed technology of Yasouj university. Treatments were concluded: Pure vermicompost (0, 5, 10 ton. ha-1) and bio fertilizers Azotobacter (Barvar-1), biological phosphorus (Barvar-2) and mixed of Barvar-1and Barvar-2, chemical nitrogen, bio fertilizers of nano and mixing treatments of vermicompost 2.5, 5, 7.5 tons. ha-1 with biological fertilizers Barvar-1, 2 and mixing of Barvar-1, 2. Results showed that the maximum α-Amylase activity was obtained by applying 7.5 tons. ha-1 vermicompost with Barvar-1, 2 and urea. The minimum values α-Amylase activity was obtained from the control treatment. The maximum percentage (92%) and rate (2.07 seed per day) of germination was belonged to the urea treatment. The maximum Seedling Length vigor index was observed in integrated treatment using organic fertilizers and biological value (9.73), showing no significant difference with urea fertilizer (9.71). Finally these results showed that the use of vermicompost and bio-fertilizers, particularly of 10 tons per hectare with the combined application of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen stabilizer Could be as a alternative treatment for increase the absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus through seed germination, leading to an improvement of the germination index in anise plant.
Mahmood Attarzadeh; Hamidreza Balouchi; Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi; amin salehi; Majid Rajaie
Abstract
Reduction in germination and growth can be seen in seeds obtained from mother plants which have experienced water stress. From the other point of view utilization of biological fertilizers under environmental stress, the condition can produce seeds with higher germination capacity. This research was ...
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Reduction in germination and growth can be seen in seeds obtained from mother plants which have experienced water stress. From the other point of view utilization of biological fertilizers under environmental stress, the condition can produce seeds with higher germination capacity. This research was conducted as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. The main factor included of irrigation regimes at three levels included in soil irrigation after 25, 50 and 75% of soil moisture depletion and a sub-factor of phosphorus supply in six levels included of 100% phosphorus requirement from the source of triple superphosphate, 50% phosphorus + arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Mycorrhiza arbuscular fungus, 50% phosphorus + Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and a control test without phosphorus fertilizer. Results showed that in 75% of soil moisture depletion, maximum amounts of germination, seed vigor, root length, stem length and seedling dry weight were obtained from 50% of phosphorus + arbuscular mycorrhiza. At irrigation level of 50 and 75% moisture depletion, the application of 50% phosphorus + arbuscular mycorrhiza made an increase in germination rate and uniformity. The electrical conductivity of Echinacea purpurea seeds showed increasing trend with intensification in drought stress. The results of this study showed that in present study Pseudomonas fluorescens had lower improvement effects on percent and rate of germination and the adjustment of drought adverse effects in compared with arbuscular mycorrhiza.
Masume Hoseini Moghaddam; Amin Salehi; rasoul rezaei
Abstract
One of the most important research fields in medicinal plants is the effect of environmental stresses on quantitative and qualitative yield of these plants and finding solutions for improving tolerance to these stresses. In order to study the influence of seed biopriming with Pseudomonas fluorescent ...
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One of the most important research fields in medicinal plants is the effect of environmental stresses on quantitative and qualitative yield of these plants and finding solutions for improving tolerance to these stresses. In order to study the influence of seed biopriming with Pseudomonas fluorescent and Trichoderma harzianum fungi on some germination and seedling indices of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) under drought stress an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications. Experimental factors included bio-inoculation in nine levels (inoculation with four strains of PF2, PF16, PF56 and CHA0 of Pseudomonas fluorescent, and T13, T36, T39 and T43 strains of T. harzianum and non-primed (control)) and three levels of drought stress (0, -3 and -6 bar imposed by PEG6000). Seed germination and seedling characteristics were evaluated. Results showed that by increasing the osmotic potential levels, germination indices were decreased. In 0 bar, the highest germination percentage, root length and seedling length vigor index were obtained from CHA0 treated seeds and in three levels of stress, the highest germination rate, shoot length, dry weight seedling and seedling weight vigor index related to seed treatments by T39. Compared to non-inoculated seeds, CHA0 increased the root growth by 46, 51 and 51%, respectively, at osmotic potential levels of 0, -3, and -6 bar, respectively. According to the obtained results, it can be concluded using fungus and bacterial treatments can be causing to increasing of germination and seedling characteristic of fennel seeds in optimum and stress condition.
M. Nemati Khoei; A. Abbasi Surki; S. Fallah
Abstract
Optimizing the best methods to enhancement of seed germination and early seedling growth of Hypericum perforatum L. an experiment was conducted in Shahrekord University in two stages. In the first stage, a factorial experiment was done in a randomized complete block design with four replications in seed ...
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Optimizing the best methods to enhancement of seed germination and early seedling growth of Hypericum perforatum L. an experiment was conducted in Shahrekord University in two stages. In the first stage, a factorial experiment was done in a randomized complete block design with four replications in seed science and Technology lab, Faculty of Agriculture. Treatments consisted osmopriming with PEG in five levels (0, -3, -6, -9 and -12 bar) as first factor and application of GA in four levels (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm) as second factor. results showed that PEG -12 bar + GA 1000 ppm with an average of 91.5% ranked the highest percentage of germination which had no significant difference with PEG -9 bar + GA 1500 ppm and PEG -9 bar + GA 1000 ppm respectively with the germination percentage average 88 and 88.5%, while the control seed with an average (53.5%) had the lowest percentage of germination. As well as combination treatments PEG -9 bar + GA 1000 ppm increased seedling length, seedling dry weight and seed vigor and increased them respectively as by as 1.19, 1.3, 1.96 and 2.14 times than control. The second experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research greenhouses conditions, and treatments consisted of the best treatments of first experiment and control. In greenhouse conditions osmopriming PEG -12 bar and application of GA 1000 ppm with an average of 82% ranked the highest percentage of emergence which had better performance than the control with an average of 41.33 %. Finally to enhance seed performance of medicinal plant Hypericum perforatum L., it could be recommended osmopriming with PEG -12 bar and application of GA 1000 ppm or PEG -9 bar + GA 1000 ppm.
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of hydropriming on germination and seedling growth of Chickpea cultivars under drought stress this study was conducted in two separate experiments. In the first experiment the effect of hydropriming on the germination of two chickpea cultivars ILC6266 and MCC510 were studied ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of hydropriming on germination and seedling growth of Chickpea cultivars under drought stress this study was conducted in two separate experiments. In the first experiment the effect of hydropriming on the germination of two chickpea cultivars ILC6266 and MCC510 were studied in physiology laboratory. The second experiment was conducted in research greenhouse in same location. Drought treatments were 70, 50 and 30 percent of field capacity. Analysis of variance showed that increasing the duration of soaking in water to 24 hours, the germination percentage and germination rate increased 8 % and 25 % respectively. Seed priming increased radicle and plumule length of both cultivars, but the MCC 510 has a length of radicle and plumule was higher than the ILC 6266. Also with increasing duration of hydro to 24 hours seed length vigor of MCC 510 and ILC 6266 was increased 41% and 52% compared control condition. Based on the results of glasshouse drought severely reduced germination percentage of both cultivars, although somewhat priming could reduce the damaging effects of water stress as a priming for 24 hours could caused 100% percentage of emergence in the MCC 510. Both cultivars under drought stress in seedling death was caused without priming but The hydropriming for 24 hours could increase 74 percent dry matter chickpea cultivars compared control condition. In conjunction with plant weight vigor also increase drought stress caused a significant reduction of both cultivars in all levels of hydropriming.
H. Gholami; M. Parsa; M. Khajeh-Hosseini; H.R. Khazaie
Abstract
In order to determine the effects of the foliar applicationof ureaand micro elements during growth periods of maternal plants on germination, vigor and greening of produced chickpea seeds (Kabuli), an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments and three replications ...
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In order to determine the effects of the foliar applicationof ureaand micro elements during growth periods of maternal plants on germination, vigor and greening of produced chickpea seeds (Kabuli), an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments and three replications at the Agricultural Faculty Research Station, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad during 2013-2014. The treatments consisted of foliar applicationat six levels: control (foliar application with water); foliar applicationof urea (2 %); foliar applicationof urea + (2%) Zinc (2 per thousand); foliar applicationof urea (2%) + Iron sulfate (3 per thousand); foliar applicationof urea (2%) + Zinc (2 per thousand) and iron (3 per thousand); foliar applicationwith urea+ complete fertilizer (3 per thousand micro-elements containing 500 ppm) and foliar applicationwith two levels, sprayed once at the beginning of flowering and sprayed twice namely, one at the beginning of flowering and one at seeding stage that include 12 treatments in total. The result showed that foliar application was not significant on germination percentage and maximum speed of germination using two times foliar application of urea + Zinc+ iron and foliar applicationwith urea+ complete fertilizer in flowering and seeding time treatments, respectively. Two times offoliar application using urea + zinc + iron had the highest impact on the vigor index.
E. Rezvani; F. Ghaderifar; A. Hamidi; E. Soltani
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 51-63
Abstract
In order to study the effect of desiccation tolerance on seed germination and vigor of hybrid maize, a field experiment was conducted using five sowing dates in three replications. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design in Karaj, Iran. Sampling from female rows (B73 Inbred line) ...
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In order to study the effect of desiccation tolerance on seed germination and vigor of hybrid maize, a field experiment was conducted using five sowing dates in three replications. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design in Karaj, Iran. Sampling from female rows (B73 Inbred line) was started right after pollination in a weekly scale. The harvested hybrid seeds were dried in open air conditions. Changes in seed growth and development were evaluated from 20 days after flowering and laboratory tests were performed on fresh and dried seed samples of each developmental stages. The results showed that the effects of sowing dates on normal seedling percentage, mean germination time) and seedling length was significant. The 4th sowing date had the highest normal seedling and seed vigor. Seed filling rate (3.7-9.2 mg/gram) and moisture content reduction (0.63 -1.06 percent/day) was different, depends on the sowing date and temperature of seed developmental period. It is observed that the developing seeds that dried before standard germination test, started to germinate very sooner (20-30 DAF on basis of sowing date) than fresh seeds (that start 30-50 DAF). Dried seeds reached meaningfully sooner to the highest normal seedlings percentage (30-60 DAF). When the desiccation started without hot temperature stress in third and fourth sowing dates, desiccation tolerance completed sooner. So the seeds reach to the highest percentage of normal seedling very soon, after drying. The evaluation of mean germination time and seedling length, as indicators of seed vigor showed that dried seeds reach to maximum germination rate and seedling length sooner than fresh seeds. The changes trend in these indicators was similar to changes in normal seedling percentage. It was concluded that appropriate temperature (lower than 35ºC) in desiccation period, especially at the beginning stages, results in fast extension of desiccation tolerance among the seeds and enhancing the seed quality after drying.
Mohammad Barzali
Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
In order to evaluate of picking time and vertical distribution of bolls effects on some seed germination and vigor traits and seedling field emergence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Sahel cultivar, two experiments were conducted in Golestan province during 2011-2012 in farm and a laboratory phases. ...
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In order to evaluate of picking time and vertical distribution of bolls effects on some seed germination and vigor traits and seedling field emergence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Sahel cultivar, two experiments were conducted in Golestan province during 2011-2012 in farm and a laboratory phases. In first, farm phases were carried out in factorial experiment based on a complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and two factors. Factors levels was boll picking time (first and second picking) and vertical distribution of bolls (lower, middle and upper parts). Germination and vigor tests was surveyed on these seeds and in second farm study, same seeds was planted under first year farm experiment procedure in order to evaluating of seedling filed emergence percentage, main root length of seedling and seedling vigor index under field condition. Analysis of variance of the first year of the study showed that picking time and vertical distribution of boll had only significant effect on the percent of seed germination but their interaction effect on germinated seed percentage after accelerated ageing test, seed electrical conductivity, germination percent in cool germination test, germination percent in warm germination test and cool warm vigor index were significant. Mean comparison of studied traits indicated that seed volume and seed bulk density of first picking bolls in compare to second picking bolls had effectively more values and seed germination percentage of first picking and middle-located bolls promoted the highest germination percentage. Evaluating of the seed vigor tests results under factors interaction (picking time × vertical distribution of bolls) revealed in accelerated ageing test, the seeds of lower and middle bolls had better germination percentage in compare to other treatments. Results of seedling filed emergence percentage under filed circumstance was indicated that seeds of middle bolls had highest seedling filed emergence percentage but there was no significant different between lower and upper boll seeds on seedling root length size. The highest correlation among germinated seed percentage under field condition was seen with cool germination results. Outcomes of this study were indicated in order to produce high quality seed germination and seed vigor of cotton Sahel cultivar, seed can be removed in first picking and middle bolls
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 1-13
Abstract
To study the effects of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer levels on some seed quality indices of two red kidney bean genotypes, a field experiment was carried out as a split factorial arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main plots were three drought stress ...
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To study the effects of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer levels on some seed quality indices of two red kidney bean genotypes, a field experiment was carried out as a split factorial arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main plots were three drought stress levels [irrigation after 60 (without stress), 90 (mild stress) and 120 (severe stress) mm evaporation from open pan class A] and factorial combinations of N fertilizer at four levels (0, 50, 100, and150 kg N ha-1) and two red bean genotypes (Akhtar and D81083) were assigned in sub-plots. The seeds were evaluated by standard germination test and electrical conductivity (EC) test after harvesting at full ripeness. These experiments were carried out as factorial based on a completely randomized design. Results showed that drought stress decreased normal seedling percentage, root length, shoot length, root weight, shoot weight, and seedling vigor index. Also, application of nitrogen fertilizer increased EC value, root length, shoot length and seedling length vigor index. Generally, germination indices of D81083 in non-stress conditions were better than Akhtar but, there was not significant difference between two genotypes in terms of severe drought stress level
P. Bayat; M. Ghobadi; M.E. Ghobadi; Gh.R. Mohammadi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 27-38
Abstract
ABSTRACT In order to study the ability of standard germination test to predict emergence and establishment of chickpea seedlings in field, an experiment was conducted under two conditions using thirteen seed lots of chickpea in laboratory and research field at the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, ...
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ABSTRACT In order to study the ability of standard germination test to predict emergence and establishment of chickpea seedlings in field, an experiment was conducted under two conditions using thirteen seed lots of chickpea in laboratory and research field at the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, in 2012. In laboratory, thirteen seed lots of chickpea belonged to seven cultivars were planted as a randomized complete design with four replications using International Seed Testing Association methods. In this test, different indices related to seed and seedling vigor were evaluated. These seed lots were also planted under field condition in a randomized complete block design with four replications and percentage and rate of seedling emergence were evaluated. The results of analysis of variance in the laboratory test showed that seed lots differed significantly in final germination percentage, strong seedling percentage, abnormal seedling percentage, not-germinated seeds percentage, mean time germination, germination rate, germination index, seedling vigor index. Comparison of laboratory and field experiments showed that the new seed lots had higher germination characteristics than the old seed lots. Correlation between measured traits in standard germination test under laboratory condition with field condition showed that the percentage and rate of seedling emergence had higher correlation with final germination percentage, seedling strong percentage and seedling vigor index. Thus, the standard germination test had high ability for predict percentage and rate of seedling emergence in field
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 27-38
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of increasing soluble phosphorus (P) on seed production and quality of black seed (Nigellasativa L.) in a calcareous soil, a field experiment was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2013. Field experiment was conducted as factorial ...
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In order to investigate the effects of increasing soluble phosphorus (P) on seed production and quality of black seed (Nigellasativa L.) in a calcareous soil, a field experiment was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2013. Field experiment was conducted as factorial layout based on a complete randomized block design with four replications. The fertilizer resources (vermicimpost (V) + Tiobacilus (T), Sulfur (S) + T, V+S+T and control) and three levels of P (0, 30 and 60 kg.ha-1) were the first and second experimental factors, respectively. Seed vigor was also assessed by radicle emergence (RE) test for further evaluation of the effects of P on mother plant on the quality of producing seeds. A germination percentage at day 4 was used as seed vigor test. The resources of soil amendment (V+T, S+T and V+S+T) significantly decreased the P concentration in coat, P percentage of coat to seed and mean germination time. For instance, by applying V+S+T, P concentration in coat and mean germination time were decreased by 18 and 10%, as compared to control treatment.However, 1000 seed weight, seed vigor, P concentration in embryo and seed were significantly increased by applying the resources of soil amendment. There was a significant negative relationship between 1000 seed weight and P concentration in coat (R2= 0.66 **). It seems that under P-deficient conditions in soil, mother plant prefer to produce more longevity seeds, instead to increase theseed vigor, by increasing the P allocation to seed coat
H. Khazaei
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 39-50
Abstract
In order to compare the seed characteristics of wheat seed lots stored in outdoor, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was carried out at three wheat seed purchasing and processing centers located in Mashhad, Torbat-e-Heydaryie and Torbat-e-Jam for one ...
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In order to compare the seed characteristics of wheat seed lots stored in outdoor, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was carried out at three wheat seed purchasing and processing centers located in Mashhad, Torbat-e-Heydaryie and Torbat-e-Jam for one year from June 2005. The First factor was three wheat varieties including Falat, Chamran, Cascojen and the second factor was duration of wheat seed storage in outdoor for 0, 15, 30 and 45 days before processing. Moisture content, hectolitre weight, seed loss percentage while processing, germination percentage before and after accelerated aging test, seedling vigor index and germination rate were evaluated. Accelerated aging test was done before determine the germination percentage, seedling vigor index and germination rate test. Compound analysis of variance for locations showed that effect of variety in moisture content and seedling vigor index was significant, and the effect of storage duration except for hectolitre weight in all traits were also significant. Between the time of purchase until 45 days after it, seed loss percentage increased about 1.9 percent and moisture content and germination percentage were decreased before and after accelerated aging test, also seedling vigor index and germination rate were exposed to a reduction by 5.11, 4.89, 10.26 percent and 314.41, 0.036 unit, respectively. In addition cv. Chamran was less tolerate to outdoor storage conditions compared to Cascojen and Falat.
