نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد/پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، مازندران.
2 دانشیار/پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، مازندران
3 دکتری زراعت/ دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان
چکیده
به منظور بررسی روند پاسخ صفات رویشی و فیزیولوژیک گندم رقم مروارید به پیش تیمار زیستی قارچ‌های Piriformospora indica(Pi وTrichoderma virens(Trich، در شرایط شور،آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار به اجرا درآمد. عامل های آزمایش شامل هفت سطح شوری (صفر، 40، 80، 120، 160، 200، 240 میلی مولار NaCl) و پیش تیمار زیستی قارچی شامل چهار سطح (عدم تلقیح، تلقیح با قارچPi، تلقیح با قارچ Trichو تلقیح همزمان دو قارچ)بود. نتایج تجزیه رگرسیونی بیانگر خطی بودن پاسخ بعضی از صفات از جمله قطر ساقه، تعداد برگ سبز در بوته، وزن تر و خشک شاخساره و محتوای نسبی آب برگ (RWC) نسبت به سطوح شوری بود. این صفات، با افزایش غلظت NaCl از صفر تا 240 میلی مولار، بین 13 تا 43 درصد کاهش نشان دادند. از طرفی، عکس العمل صفاتی چون ارتفاع بوته، وزن تر و خشک ساقه، و وزن تر برگ به صورت کاهشی ولی از نوع معادل های دو تکه ای بود. از سوی دیگر، پیش تیمار بذر با قارچ‌های همزیست به ویژه Pi و Trich+Pi رشد رویشی و محتوای آب نسبی برگ را به صورت قابل توجهی افزایش داد. همچنین نشت الکترولیت در اثر افزایش تنش شوری روند افزایشی داشت ولی پیش تیمار زیستی بذر شیب افزایش آن را نسبت به تیمار شاهد کاهش داده و از آسیب بیشتر به گیاه جلوگیری کرد. در مجموع، نتایج بیانگر نقش مثبت همزیستی بذر گندم با قارچ‌های P. indica و T. virens به ویژه در شرایط شور میباشد.
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