نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد
2 استاد دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
3 دانشیار دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده
به منظور بررسی خصوصیات جوانهزنی و رشدی گیاهچه بذر گاوزبان ایرانی (Echium amoenum Fisch & Mey.) حاصل از پایههای مادری تیمار شده با کودهای بیولوژیک و شیمیایی در تاریخها و روشهای کاشت مختلف، پژوهشی در خردادماه 1393 در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد به صورت آزمایشات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل بذر حاصل از گاوزبان ایرانی تیمار شده با عوامل زراعی مختلف در مزرعه شامل دو تاریخ کاشت مختلف (20 اسفندماه 1390 و 15 فروردین ماه 1391)، دو نوع روش کاشت (بذرکاری مستقیم و نشاکاری) و سه نوع کود زیستی و شیمیایی مختلف (میکوریزا (حاوی قارچ Glomus mosseae)، بیوسولفور (حاوی باکتریهای Thiobacillus spp.)، کود شیمیایی نیتروژن و شاهد) بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که کودهای میکوریزا و بیوسولفور بهترتیب سبب افزایش 18% و 17% میزان جوانه زنی و 32% و 33% سرعت جوانه زنی نسبت به شاهد شدند. میانگین زمان جوانه زنی در بذرهای به دست آمده از روش بذرکاری کمتر از شرایط نشاکاری بود. نسبت طول ریشه چه به ساقه چه در بذرهای حاصل از شرایط بذرکاری با کاربرد کود میکوریزا 44% افزایش یافت. وزن خشک ریشه‌چه و ساقه چه بهطور معنیداری تحت تأثیر تاریخ کاشت قرار گرفت، به طوری که بیشترین وزن خشک ریشه‌چه (1.6 میلیگرم) و ساقه چه (7.5 میلیگرم) از بذرهای حاصل از گیاهان کشت شده در اسفندماه بدست آمد.
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