ارزیابی خصوصیات جوانه زنی و بنیه بذرهای بوته‌های مادری گیاه همیشه بهار (Calendula officinalis) تحت تأثیر کاربرد کودهای آلی، زیستی، نانو و شیمیایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه تریت حیدریه، تربت حیدریه، خراسان رضوی، ایران.

2 گروه تولیدات­ گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربت­ حیدریه، تربت حیدریه، خراسان رضوی، ایران.

3 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

این آزمایش با هدف مقایسه بنیه بذرهای گیاه مادری همیشه بهار حاصل از کاربرد کودهای آلی، زیستی، نانو و شیمیایی، در قالب طرح کاملأ تصادفی با 10 تیمار و سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی در سال 1394 انجام گرفت. گیاهان تحت تأثیر 10 تیمار کودی شامل کمپوست (15 تن در هکتار)، ورمی کمپوست (پنج تن در هکتار)، کود گاوی پوسیده (15 تن در هکتار)، کمپوست همراه با تلقیح باکتری سودوموناس پوتیدا، ورمی‌کمپوست همراه با تلقیح باکتری سودوموناس پوتیدا، نانوبیومیک (5/1 لیتر در هکتار)، نانوکلات ZFM (مقدار دو در هزار)، نانوکامپوزیت بیوارگانیک(200 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، کود شیمیایی NPK (شامل اوره 150 ، سوپرفسفات تریپل 50 و سولفات‌پتاسیم 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و شاهد قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین درصد جوانی زنی با 94 درصد در تیمار کمپوست و کمترین آن در تیمار شاهد با 76 درصد (5/24 درصد افزایش) بدست آمد. بیشترین سرعت جوانه‌زنی در تیمار کمپوست بدون سودوموناس (05/6) و کمترین سرعت جوانه زنی در تیمار شاهد (54/2) بود (بیش از 138% افزایش). استفاده از کود کمپوست (بدون سودوموناس) در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد 06/46 % در صفت متوسط زمان جوانه زنی کاهش نشان داد. بطور کلی تیمار کمپوست بهترین نمود را در بهبود صفات بذر و گیاهچه همیشه بهار نشان داد.

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