تأثیر تیمارهای مختلف زیستی بر شاخص های جوانه‌زنی و گیاهچه‌ای رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare L.) تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات

2 دانشگاه یاسوج

3 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه یاسوج

4 دانشگاه یاسوج، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه گیاهپزشکی

چکیده

یکی از مهم‌ترین زمینه‌های تحقیقی در گیاهان دارویی، بررسی اثر تنش‌های محیطی تأثیرگذار بر میزان عملکرد کمی و کیفی این گیاهان و یافتن راه‌کارهای بهبود تحمل به این تنش‌ها است. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر پیش تیمار با باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescens و قارچ‌ Trichoderma harzianum بر برخی شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و رشدگیاهچه‌ای رازیانه تحت تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل دو عاملی در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل تلقیح زیستی در 9 سطح (تلقیح با 4 سویه باکتری سودوموناس فلورسنت (PF2، PF16، CHA0 و PF56)، 4 سویه قارچ تریکودرما هارزیانوم (T13،T36، T39 و T43) و تیمار نشده (به عنوان شاهد)) و تنش خشکی در سه سطح (صفر، 3- و 6- بار) بود. شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد با کاهش پتانسیل اسمزی از صفر به 3- و 6- بار، جوانه‌زنی کاهش یافت. در سطح صفر بار بیشترین درصد جوانه‌زنی و طول ریشه‌چه و شاخص طولی بنیه گیاهچه از سویه باکتری ‌-CHA0 و در هر سه سطح تنش، بیشترین میزان سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول ساقه‌چه، وزن خشک گیاهچه و شاخص وزنی بنیه گیاهچه در بذور تیمار شده با سویه قارچ T39 به‌دست آمد. باکتری CHA0 توانست میزان رشد ریشه‌چه را به ترتیب در سطوح پتانسیل اسمزی صفر، 3- و 6- به ترتیب 46، 51 و 51 درصد نسبت به بذور تلقیح نشده افزایش دهد. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری نمود که تیمارهای قارچی و باکتریایی موجب افزایش شاخص های جوانه‌زنی و گیاهچه‌ای رازیانه در شرایط بهینه و تنش می‌شوند.

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