نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 عضو هیات علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه بوعلی سینا
2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
چکیده
به منظور ارزیابی تاثیر نانوذره سریم و نیتروپروساید سدیم بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی ، بیوشیمیایی و رشد گندم تحت تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. اثرات نانوذره سریم در غلظت‌های 0، 500، 1500 و 2000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و نیتروپروساید سدیم به عنوان آزاد‌کننده اکسید نیتریک در غلظت‌های 0 و 100 میکرومولار تحت سطوح تنش خشکی 0، 4/0- و 8/0- مگاپاسکال مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تنش خشکی موجب کاهش معنی‌دار اکثر صفات مرتبط با جوانه‌زنی از جمله درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی گردید، همچنین خشکی باعث افزایش میانگین زمان جوانه‌زنی، فعالیت آنزیم‌های سوپر‌اکسید دیسموتاز، کاتالاز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز و محتوی مالون دی‌آلدهید در گیاهچه‌های گندم شد. کاربرد همزمان نانوذره سریم و نیتروپروساید سدیم بر اغلب صفات مورد مطالعه تاثیر معنی‌داری داشت. کاربرد نانو‌سریم (1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) به همراه نیتروپروساید سدیم درصد جوانه‌زنی و شاخص بنیه بذر را به ترتیب 5/44 و 5/75 درصد تحت تنش خشکی 8/0- مگاپاسکال افزایش داد. تیمار مذکور تحت تنش خشکی 8/0- مگاپاسکال، فعالیت آنزیم‌های سوپر‌اکسید دیسموتاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز را به ترتیب 7/19 و 1/41 درصد افزایش و میزان مالون دی‌آلدهید گیاهچه گندم را 5/33 درصد کاهش داد. به نظر می‌رسد نیتروپروساید سدیم و همچنین نانو‌سریم از طریق بهبود شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و تقویت سیستم دفاع آنتی‌اکسیدانی موجب کاهش اثرات مضر تنش خشکی بر گیاهچه گندم می‌شود.
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