بررسی تاثیر سطوح دما و رطوبت نسبی بر نگهداری بذور سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو

2 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

3 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، خوزستان، ایران

4 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین اهواز

5 عضو هیأت علمی گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر دما و رطوبت نگهداری بر مولفه­های جوانه­زنی و رشد گیاهچه سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.)، پژوهشی در سال 1396 در آزمایشگاه تکنولوژی بذر دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملا تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل رطوبت نسبی محیط در سه سطح (33، 75 و 100 درصد)، دمای نگه­داری در چهار سطح (30، 35، 40 و 45 درجه سلسیوس) و مدت زمان نگه­داری در چهار سطح (24، 48، 72 و 96 ساعت)  و تیمار شاهد بود. نتایج نشان داد، افزایش دما و رطوبت نگهداری موجب کاهش درصد و سرعت جوانه­زنی، طول و وزن خشک ریشه‌چه، ساقه‌چه و گیاهچه، شاخص طولی و وزنی قدرت و نیز موجب افزایش مدت زمان جوانه­زنی و میزان هدایت الکتریکی شد. در بین تیمارهای مورد استفاده بیش­ترین افت شاخص­های جوانه­زنی، در تیمار رطوبت نسبی 100 درصد، دمای 45 درجه سلسیوس و 96 ساعت مشاهده شد و در سطوح ملایم تیماری، خواب بذور سیاهدانه رفع شد و جوانه­زنی افزایش یافت. نتایج برازش مدل رگرسیونی خطی فاکتورهای آزمایشی با شاخص­های جوانه­زنی و رشد گیاهچه سیاهدانه نشان داد، همه صفات مورد بررسی به­ جزء متوسط زمان جوانه­زنی با سه متغیر مستقل مورد بررسی در این آزمایش رابطه رگرسیونی خطی معنی­دار داشتند

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