تاثیر عوامل مختلف محیطی بر ویژگی های جوانه‌زنی بذر علف هرز مهاجم گل گندم زرد (Centaurea solstitialis)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی. دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

2 دانشجو گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی

3 2- دانشجوی مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی پاسخ علف­هرز مهاجم گل­گندم زرد (Centaurea solstitialis) به عوامل محیطی (دما، خشکی و شوری)، سه آزمایش جداگانه (طرح کاملاً تصادفی) در سال 1398 در دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان در 6 تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمارهای دما شامل (5، 10، 15، 20، 25، 30، 35 و 40 درجه سلسیوس)، تنش خشکی شامل (0، 0/2-، 0/4-، 0/6-، 0/8-،1- و 1/2- مگاپاسکال) و تنش شوری شامل (0، 50، 100، 150، 200، 250، 300 و 350 میلی­مولار) بود. جوانه‌زنی در دمای 25 (%94)،  20(%93/33) و 30 درجه سلسیوس (%92) بود. کمترین جوانه‌زنی در دمای 35 (%22/66) و در دمای 40 درجه سلسیوس جوانه‌زنی کاملاً متوقف گردید. بر اساس برآورد معادله لجستیک سه پارامتره(x50)،کاهش% 50 جوانه‌زنی و سرعت جوانه‌زنی به ترتیب در سطح تنش خشکی 0/70- و 0/46- مگاپاسکال به دست آمد. شوری مورد نیاز برای کاهش% 50 صفات درصد جوانه‌زنی (182/35میلی­مولار) و سرعت جوانه‌زنی (130/57 میلی­مولار) بود. شناخت بیولوژی بذر علف­هرز گل­گندم زرد می­تواند در مدیریت سبز­شدن آن در مزرعه کمک نماید.

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