نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان
2 گروه مهندسی تولید وژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان
3 عضو هیأت علمی گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان.
4 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، خوزستان، ایران
چکیده
فرسودگی و تنش شوری از مهمترین چالش‌های تولید یک گیاه‌چه سالم محسوب می‌شوند. این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر فرسودگی بذر بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی بذرهای خردل وحشی تحت شرایط تنش شوری انجام پذیرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل پیری تسریع شد (صفر، 24، 48، 72 و 96 ساعت) و تنش شوری (صفر، 100، 200، 300، 400 و 500 میلی‌مولار) شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل تنش شوری و پیری تسریع شده معنی‌دار بود. با افزایش تنش شوری درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی و قدرت بذرکاهش معنی‌داری یافت. پیری تسریع شده موجب کاهش فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و میزان پروتئین بذر خردل شد. در بذرهای پیر نشده میزان پروتئین 3/1 واحد استاندارد در میلیگرم پروتئین بود که در اثر 96 ساعت پیری تسریع شده میزان پروتئین با کاهش 92 درصدی به 1/0 واحد استاندارد در میلیگرم پروتئین رسید. فعالیت کاتالاز در اثر پیری تسریع شده کاهش یافت، اما فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز در اثر پیری تسریع شده 60 درصد افزایش یافت. در بذرهای پیری تسریع شده یافته میزان فعالیت این آنزیم 04/0 واحد استاندارد در میلی-گرم پروتئین بر دقیقه بود که در اثر پیری تسریع شده 96 ساعت میزان پراکسیداز به 11/0 واحد استاندارد در میلیگرم پروتئین افزایش یافت. در مقدار اسیدهای چرب روغن بذر پس از پیری تسریع شده تغییراتی مشاهده شد. از بین همه‌ی ترکیبات درصد بهنیتک اسید (C22:0) و یوریسیک اسید (C22:1) در شرایط شاهد به ترتیب 656/0 و 534/38 درصد و در اثر پیری تسریع شده 72 ساعت به 751/0 و 186/40 درصد افزایش یافت.
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