مطالعه شیوه های متفاوت پرایمینگ و دما های مختلف بر شکستن خواب و جوانه زنی بذر گیاه دارویی کک کش بیابانی (Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گیاهان دارویی، گروه باغبانی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه باغبانی، ، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران.

چکیده

جوانه زنی بذر اولین و حساسترین مرحله نموی در چرخه زندگی گیاه و فرایند کلیدی در سبز شدن گیاهچه می باشد. از طرف دیگر یکی از موانع عمده تکثیر گیاهان دارویی در خارج از رویشگاه طبیعی محدودیت میزان جوانه زنی و خواب بذر می باشد. از اینرو به منظور یافتن بهترین تیمار پرایمینگ و دما جهت شکستن خواب و جوانه زنی بذر کک کش بیابانی آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 4 تکرار و 2 عامل در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بیرچند در سال 1396 انجام شد. عامل اول روش شکست خواب بذر در 11 سطح شامل تیمار نیترات پتاسیم 2% در دو سطح زمانی 24 و 48 ساعت، اسید جیبرلیک (0، 250 و 500 میلی گرم بر لیتر) در دو سطح زمانی 24 و 48 ساعت و سرمادهی مرطوب به مدت (7، 14 و 21 روز) و عامل دوم دما در سه سطح (15، 20 و 25 درجه سلسیوس) بود. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی به ترتیب مربوط به پرایمینگ سرمادهی مرطوب 7 و 21 روز در دمای 25 درجه سلسیوس و بیشترین طول گیاهچه، طول ریشه چه، نسبت ریشه به ساقه، وزن تر و خشک گیاهچه، شاخص طولی بنیه بذر و شاخص وزنی بنیه بذر مربوط به سرمادهی مرطوب 21 روز و دمای 15 درجه سلسیوس بود. بنابراین سرمادهی مرطوب 21 روز و دما های 15 و 25 درجه سلسیوس بهترین تیمار و دما جهت شکستن خواب بذر و جوانه زنی بذر کک کش بیابانی مشخص شد.

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